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中华人民共和国宪法英译本 |
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更新日期：2006-2-24 12:38:30 出处：中青网英语角 作者： |
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坚持反对帝国主义、霸权主义、殖民主义，加强同世界各国人民的团结，支持被压迫民族和发展中国家争取和维护民族独立、发展民族经济的正义斗争，为维护世界和平和促进人类进步事业而努力。 China consistently opposes imperialism, hegemonism and colonialism, works to strengthen unity with the people of other countries, supports the oppressed nations and the developing countries in their just struggle to win and preserve national independence and develop their national economies, and strives to safeguard world peace and promote the cause of human progress.
本宪法以法律的形式确认了中国各族人民奋斗的成果，规定了国家的根本制度和根本任务，是国家的根本法，具有最高的法律效力。 This Constitution, in legal form, affirms the achievements of the struggles of the Chinese people of all nationalities and defines the basic system and basic tasks of the state; it is the fundamental law of the state and has supreme legal authority.
全国各族人民、一切国家机关和武装力量、各政党和各社会团体、各企业事业组织，都必须以宪法为根本的活动准则，并且负有维护宪法尊严、保证宪法实施的职责。 The people of all nationalities, all state organs, the armed forces, all political parties and public organizations and all enterprises and institutions in the country must take the Constitution as the basic standard of conduct, and they have the duty to uphold the dignity of the Constitution and ensure its implementation.
第一章 总 纲 Chapter I General Principles
第一条 中华人民共和国是工人阶级领导的、以工农联盟为基础的人民民主专政的社会主义国家。 Article 1 The People's Republic of China is a socialist state under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants.
社会主义制度是中华人民共和国的根本制度。禁止任何组织或者个人破坏社会主义制度。 The socialist system is the basic system of the People's Republic of China. Disruption of the socialist system by any organization or individual is prohibited.
第二条 中华人民共和国的一切权力属于人民。 Article 2 All power in the People's Republic of China belongs to the people.
人民行使国家权力的机关是全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会。 The National People's Congress and the local people's congresses at various levels are the organs through which the people exercise state power.
人民依照法律规定，通过各种途径和形式，管理国家事务，管理经济和文化事业，管理社会事务。 The people administer state affairs and manage economic, cultural and social affairs through various channels and in various ways in accordance with the law.
第三条 中华人民共和国的国家机构实行民主集中制的原则。 Article 3 The state organs of the People's Republic of China apply the principle of democratic centralism.
全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都由民主选举产生，对人民负责，受人民监督。 The National People's Congress and the local people's congresses at various levels are constituted through democratic elections. They are responsible to the people and subject to their supervision.
国家行政机关、审判机关、检察机关都由人民代表大会产生，对它负责，受它监督。 All administrative, judicial and procuratorial organs of the state are created by the people's congresses to which they are responsible and by which they are supervised.
中央和地方的国家机构职权的划分，遵循在中央的统一领导下，充分发挥地方的主动性、积极性的原则。 The division of functions and powers between the central and local state organs is guided by the principle of giving full scope to the initiative and enthusiasm of the local authorities under the unified leadership of the central authorities.
第四条 中华人民共和国各民族一律平等。国家保障各少数民族的合法的权利和利益，维护和发展各民族的平等、团结、互助关系。 Article 4 All nationalities in the People's Republic of China are equal. The state protects the lawful rights and interests of the minority nationalities and upholds and develops a relationship of equality, unity and mutual assistance among all of China's nationalities.
禁止对任何民族的歧视和压迫，禁止破坏民族团结和制造民族分裂的行为。 Discrimination against and oppression of any nationality are prohibited; any act which undermines the unity of the nationalities or instigates division is prohibited.
国家根据各少数民族的特点和需要，帮助各少数民族地区加速经济和文化的发展。 The state assists areas inhabited by minority nationalities in accelerating their economic and cultural development according to the characteristics and needs of the various minority nationalities.
各少数民族聚居的地方实行区域自治，设立自治机关，行使自治权。各民族自治地方都是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。 Regional autonomy is practised in areas where people of minority nationalities live in concentrated communities; in these areas organs of self-government are established to exercise the power of autonomy. All national autonomous areas are integral parts of the People's Republic of China.
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