中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法

The Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China

１９９３年３月３１日第八届全国人民代表大会第一次会议通过

(Adopted by the First Session of the Eighth National People's Congress on March 31, 1993, promulgated by Order No 3 of the President of the People's Republic of China on March 31, 1993, and effective on December 20, 1999)

目录

Contents

序言

Preamble

第一章总则

Chapter I General Principles

第二章中央和澳门特别行政区的关系

Chapter II Relationship Between the Central Authorities and the Macao Special Administrative Region

第三章居民的基本权利和义务

Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents

第四章政治体制

Chapter IV Political Structure

第一节行政长官

Section 1 The Chief Executive

第二节行政机关

Section 2 The Executive Authorities

第三节立法机关

Section 3 The Legislature

第四节司法机关

Section 4 The Judiciary

第五节市政机构

Section 5 Municipal Organs

第六节公务人员

Section 6 Public Servants

第七节宣誓效忠

Section 7 Swearing Allegiance

第五章经济

Chapter V Economy

第六章文化和社会事务

Chapter VI Cultural and Social Affairs

第七章对外事务

Chapter VII External Affairs

第八章本法的解释和修改

Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law

第九章附则

Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions

附件一：澳门特别行政区行政长官的产生办法

Annex I Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region

附件二：澳门特别行政区立法会的产生办法

Annex II Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region Annex III National Laws Be Applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region

序言

Preamble

澳门，包括澳门半岛、凼仔岛和路环岛，自古以来就是中国的领土，十六世纪中叶以后被葡萄牙逐步占领。

Macao, including the Macao Peninsula, Taipa Island and Coloane Island, has been part of the territory of China since ancient times; it was gradually occupied by Portugal after the mid-16th century.

一九八七年四月十三日，中葡两国政府签署了关于澳门问题的联合声明，确认中华人民共和国政府于一九九九年十二月二十日恢复对澳门行使主权，从而实现了长期以来中国人民收回澳门的共同愿望。

On April 13, 1987, the Chinese and Portuguese Governments signed the Joint Declaration on the Question of Macao, affirming that the Government of the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Macao with effect from December 20, 1999, thus fulfilling the long-cherished common aspiration of the Chinese people for the recovery of Macao.

为了维护国家的统一和领土完整，有利于澳门的社会稳定和经济发展，考虑到澳门的历史和现实情况，国家决定，在对澳门恢复行使主权时，根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条的规定，设立澳门特别行政区，并按照“一个国家，两种制度”的方针，不在澳门实行社会主义的制度和政策。

Upholding national unity and territorial integrity, contributing to social stability and economic development, and taking account of its history and realities, the People's Republic of China has decided that, upon China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Macao, a Macao Special Administrative Region will be established in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and that under the principle of "one country, two systems," the socialist system and policies will not be practiced in Macao.

国家对澳门的基本方针政策，已由中国政府在中葡联合声明中予以阐明。

The basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Macao have been elaborated by the Chinese Government in the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration.

根据中华人民共和国宪法，全国人民代表大会特制定中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法，规定澳门特别行政区实行的制度，以保障国家对澳门的基本方针政策的实施。

In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress hereby enacts the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, prescribing the systems to be practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, in order to ensure the implementation of the basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Macao.

第一章总则

Chapter I General Principles

第一条澳门特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。

Article 1 The Macao Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China.

第二条中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会授权澳门特别行政区依照本法的规定实行高度自治，享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。

Article 2 The National People's Congress authorizes the Macao Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy and enjoy executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第三条澳门特别行政区的行政机关和立法机关由澳门特别行政区永久性居民依照本法有关规定组成。

Article 3 The executive authorities and legislature of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Macao in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第四条澳门特别行政区依法保障澳门特别行政区居民和其他人的权利和自由。

Article 4 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the rights and freedoms of the residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region and of other persons in the Region in accordance with law.

第五条澳门特别行政区不实行社会主义的制度和政策，保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式，五十年不变。

Article 5 The socialist system and policies shall not be practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, and the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years.

第六条澳门特别行政区以法律保护私有财产权。

Article 6 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law.

第七条澳门特别行政区境内的土地和自然资源，除在澳门特别行政区成立前已依法确认的私有土地外，属于国家所有，由澳门特别行政区政府负责管理、使用、开发、出租或批给个人、法人使用或开发，其收入全部归澳门特别行政区政府支配。

Article 7 The land and natural resources within the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be State property, except for the private land recognized as such according to the laws in force before the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region. The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for their management, use and development and for their lease or grant to individuals or legal persons for use or development. The revenues derived therefrom shall be exclusively at the disposal of the government of the Region.

第八条澳门原有的法律、法令、行政法规和其他规范性文件，除同本法相抵触或经澳门特别行政区的立法机关或其他有关机关依照法定程序作出修改者外，予以保留。

Article 8 The laws, decrees, administrative regulations and other normative acts previously in force in Macao shall be maintained, except for any that contravenes this Law, or subject to any amendment by the legislature or other relevant organs of the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with legal procedures.

第九条澳门特别行政区的行政机关、立法机关和司法机关，除使用中文外，还可使用葡文，葡文也是正式语文。

Article 9 In addition to the Chinese language, Portuguese may also be used as an official language by the executive authorities, legislature and judiciary of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

第十条澳门特别行政区除悬挂和使用中华人民共和国国旗和国徽外，还可悬挂和使用澳门特别行政区区旗和区徽。

Article 10 Apart from displaying the national flag and national emblem of the People's Republic of China, the Macao Special Administrative Region may also use a regional flag and regional emblem.

澳门特别行政区的区旗是绘有五星、莲花、大桥、海水图案的绿色旗帜。

The regional flag of the Macao Special Administrative Region is a green flag with five stars, lotus flower, bridge and sea water.

澳门特别行政区的区徽，中间是五星、莲花、大桥、海水，周围写有“中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区”和葡文“澳门”。

The regional emblem of the Macao Special Administrative Region is composed of five stars, lotus flower, bridge and sea water encircled by the words "Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China" in Chinese and "MACAO" in Portuguese.

第十一条根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条，澳门特别行政区的制度和政策，包括社会、经济制度，有关保障居民的基本权利和自由的制度，行政管理、立法和司法方面的制度，以及有关政策，均以本法的规定为依据。

Article 11 In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the systems and policies practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, including the social and economic systems, the system for safeguarding the fundamental rights and freedoms of its residents, the executive, legislative and judicial systems, and the relevant policies, shall be based on the provisions of this Law.

澳门特别行政区的任何法律、法令、行政法规和其他规范性文件均不得同本法相抵触。

No law, decree, administrative regulations and normative acts of the Macao Special Administrative Region may contravene this Law.

第二章中央和澳门特别行政区的关系

Chapter II Relationship Between the Central Authorities and the Macao Special Administrative Region

第十二条澳门特别行政区是中华人民共和国的一个享有高度自治权的地方行政区域，直辖于中央人民政府。

Article 12 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be a local administrative region of the People's Republic of China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy and come directly under the Central People's Government.

第十三条中央人民政府负责管理与澳门特别行政区有关的外交事务。

Article 13 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the foreign affairs relating to the Macao Special Administrative Region.

中华人民共和国外交部在澳门设立机构处理外交事务。

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall establish an office in Macao to deal with foreign affairs.

中央人民政府授权澳门特别行政区依照本法自行处理有关的对外事务。

The Central People's Government authorizes the Macao Special Administrative Region to conduct relevant external affairs on its own in accordance with this Law.

第十四条中央人民政府负责管理澳门特别行政区的防务。

Article 14 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the defense of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

澳门特别行政区政府负责维持澳门特别行政区的社会治安。

The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order in the Region.

第十五条中央人民政府依照本法有关规定任免澳门特别行政区行政长官、政府主要官员和检察长。

Article 15 The Central People's Government shall appoint or remove the Chief Executive, the principal officials of the government and the Procurator-General of the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第十六条澳门特别行政区享有行政管理权，依照本法有关规定自行处理澳门特别行政区的行政事务。

Article 16 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be vested with executive power. It shall, on its own, conduct the administrative affairs of the Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第十七条澳门特别行政区享有立法权。

Article 17 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be vested with legislative power.

澳门特别行政区的立法机关制定的法律须报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。

Laws enacted by the legislature of the Macao Special Administrative Region must be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record.

备案不影响该法律的生效。

The reporting for record shall not affect the entry into force of such laws.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的澳门特别行政区基本法委员会的意见后，如认为澳门特别行政区立法机关制定的任何法律不符合本法关于中央管理的事务及中央和澳门特别行政区关系的条款，可将有关法律发回，但不作修改。

If the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, after consulting the Committee for the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region under it, considers that any law enacted by the legislature of the Region is not in conformity with the provisions of this Law regarding affairs within the responsibility of the Central Authorities or regarding the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, the Standing Committee may return the law in question but shall not amend it.

经全国人民代表大会常务委员会发回的法律立即失效。

Any law returned by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall immediately be invalidated.

该法律的失效，除澳门特别行政区的法律另有规定外，无溯及力。

This invalidation shall not have retroactive effect, unless otherwise provided for in the laws of the Region.

第十八条在澳门特别行政区实行的法律为本法以及本法第八条规定的澳门原有法律和澳门特别行政区立法机关制定的法律。

Article 18 The laws in force in the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be this Law, the laws previously in force in Macao as provided for in Article 8 of this Law, and the laws enacted by the legislature of the Region.

全国性法律除列于本法附件三者外，不在澳门特别行政区实施。

National laws shall not be applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region except for those listed in Annex III to this Law.

凡列于本法附件三的法律，由澳门特别行政区在当地公布或立法实施。

The laws listed therein shall be applied locally by way of promulgation or legislation by the Region.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的澳门特别行政区基本法委员会和澳门特别行政区政府的意见后，可对列于本法附件三的法律作出增减。

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress may add to or delete from the list of laws in Annex III after consulting its Committee for the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region and the government of the Region.

列入附件三的法律应限于有关国防、外交和其他依照本法规定不属于澳门特别行政区自治范围的法律。

Laws listed in Annex III to this Law shall be confined to those relating to defense and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of the Region as specified by this Law.

在全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定宣布战争状态或因澳门特别行政区内发生澳门特别行政区政府不能控制的危及国家统一或安全的动乱而决定澳门特别行政区进入紧急状态时，中央人民政府可发布命令将有关全国性法律在澳门特别行政区实施。

In the event that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within the Macao Special Administrative Region which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the government of the Region, decides that the Region is in a state of emergency, the Central People's Government may issue an order applying the relevant national laws in the Region.

第十九条澳门特别行政区享有独立的司法权和终审权。

Article 19 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall he vested with independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication.

澳门特别行政区法院除继续保持澳门原有法律制度和原则对法院审判权所作的限制外，对澳门特别行政区所有的案件均有审判权。

The courts of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have jurisdiction over all cases in the Region, except that the restrictions on their jurisdiction imposed by the legal system and principles previously in force in Macao shall be maintained.

澳门特别行政区法院对国防、外交等国家行为无管辖权。

The courts of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have no jurisdiction over acts of state such as defense and foreign affairs.

澳门特别行政区法院在审理案件中遇有涉及国防、外交等国家行为的事实问题，应取得行政长官就该等问题发出的证明文件，上述文件对法院有约束力。

The courts of the Region shall obtain a certificate from the Chief Executive on questions of fact concerning acts of state such as defense and foreign affairs whenever such questions arise in the adjudication of cases.

行政长官在发出证明文件前，须取得中央人民政府的证明书。

This certificate shall be binding on the courts. Before issuing such a certificate, the Chief Executive shall obtain a certifying document from the Central People's Government.

第二十条澳门特别行政区可享有全国人民代表大会、全国人民代表大会常务委员会或中央人民政府授予的其他权力。

Article 20 The Macao Special Administrative Region may enjoy other powers granted to it by the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the Central People's Government.

第二十一条澳门特别行政区居民中的中国公民依法参与国家事务的管理。

Article 21 Chinese citizens who are residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be entitled to participate in the management of state affairs according to law.

根据全国人民代表大会确定的代表名额和代表产生办法，由澳门特别行政区居民中的中国公民在澳门选出澳门特别行政区的全国人民代表大会代表，参加最高国家权力机关的工作。

In accordance with the assigned number of seats and the selection method specified by the National People's Congress, the Chinese citizens among the residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall locally elect deputies of the Region to the National People's Congress to participate in the work of the highest organ of state power.

第二十二条中央人民政府所属各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市均不得干预澳门特别行政区依照本法自行管理的事务。

Article 22 No department of the Central People's Government and no province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may interfere in the affairs which the Macao Special Administrative Region administers on its own in accordance with this Law.

中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市如需在澳门特别行政区设立机构，须征得澳门特别行政区政府同意并经中央人民政府批准。

If there is a need for departments of the Central Government, or for provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, to set up offices in the Macao Special Administrative Region, they must obtain the consent of the government of the Region and the approval of the Central People's Government.

中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市在澳门特别行政区设立的一切机构及其人员均须遵守澳门特别行政区的法律。

All offices set up in the Macao Special Administrative Region by departments of the Central Government, or by provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the personnel of these offices shall abide by the laws of the Region.

各省、自治区、直辖市的人进入澳门特别行政区须办理批准手续，其中进入澳门特别行政区定居的人数由中央人民政府主管部门征求澳门特别行政区政府的意见后确定。

For entry into the Macao Special Administrative Region, people from other provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government must apply for approval. Among them, the number of persons who enter the Region for the purpose of settlement shall be determined by the competent authorities of the Central People's Government after consulting the government of the Region.

澳门特别行政区可在北京设立办事机构。

The Macao Special Administrative Region may establish an office in Beijing.

第二十三条澳门特别行政区应自行立法禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱、颠覆中央人民政府及窃取国家机密的行为，禁止外国的政治性组织或团体在澳门特别行政区进行政治活动，禁止澳门特别行政区的政治性组织或团体与外国的政治性组织或团体建立联系。

Article 23 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the Region, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the Region from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies.

第三章居民的基本权利和义务

Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents

第二十四条澳门特别行政区居民，简称澳门居民，包括永久性居民和非永久性居民。

Article 24 Residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region ("Macao residents") shall include permanent residents and non-permanent residents.

澳门特别行政区永久性居民为：

The permanent residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be:

（一）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生的中国公民及其在澳门以外所生的中国籍子女；

(1) Chinese citizens born in Macao before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region and their children of Chinese nationality born outside Macao;

（二）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上的中国公民及在其成为永久性居民后在澳门以外所生的中国籍子女；

(2) Chinese citizens who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than seven years before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region and their children of Chinese nationality born outside Macao after they have become permanent residents;

（三）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生并以澳门为永久居住地的葡萄牙人；

(3) The Portuguese who were born in Macao and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region;

（四）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上并以澳门为永久居住地的葡萄牙人；

(4) The Portuguese who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 7 years and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region;

（五）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上并以澳门为永久居住地的其他人；

(5) Other persons who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 7 years and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region;

（六）第（五）项所列永久性居民在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生的未满十八周岁的子女。

(6) Persons under 18 years of age born in Macao of those residents listed in Category (5) before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

以上居民在澳门特别行政区享有居留权并有资格领取澳门特别行政区永久性居民身份证。

The above-mentioned residents shall have the right of abode in the Macao Special Administrative Region and shall be qualified to obtain permanent identity cards.

澳门特别行政区非永久性居民为：有资格依照澳门特别行政区法律领取澳门居民身份证，但没有居留权的人。

The non-permanent residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be persons who are qualified to obtain Macao identity cards in accordance with the laws of the Region but have no right of abode.

第二十五条澳门居民在法律面前一律平等，不因国籍、血统、种族、性别、语言、宗教、政治或思想信仰、文化程度、经济状况或社会条件而受到歧视。

Article 25 All Macao residents shall be equal before the law, and shall be free from discrimination, irrespective of their nationality, descent, sex, race, language, religion, political persuasion or ideological belief, educational level, economic status or social conditions.

第二十六条澳门特别行政区永久性居民依法享有选举权和被选举权。

Article 26 Permanent residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have the right to vote and the right to stand for election in accordance with law.

第二十七条澳门居民享有言论、新闻、出版的自由，结社、集会、游行、示威的自由，组织和参加工会、罢工的权利和自由。

Article 27 Macao residents shall have freedom of speech, of the press and of publication; freedom of association, of assembly, of procession and of demonstration; and the right and freedom to form and join trade unions, and to strike.

第二十八条澳门居民的人身自由不受侵犯。

Article 28 The freedom of the person of Macao residents shall be in violable.

澳门居民不受任意或非法的逮捕、拘留、监禁。

No Macao resident shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful arrest, detention or imprisonment.

对任意或非法的拘留、监禁，居民有权向法院申请颁发人身保护令。

In case of arbitrary or unlawful detention or imprisonment, Macao residents have the right to apply to the court for the issuance of a writ of habeas corpus.

禁止非法搜查居民的身体、剥夺或者限制居民的人身自由。

Unlawful search of the body of any resident or deprivation or restriction of the freedom of the person shall be prohibited.

禁止对居民施行酷刑或予以非人道的对待。

Torture or inhuman treatment of any resident shall be prohibited.

第二十九条澳门居民除其行为依照当时法律明文规定为犯罪和应受惩处外，不受刑罚处罚。

Article 29 Macao residents shall not be punished by law, unless their acts constitute a crime and they shall be punished for it as expressly prescribed by law at the time.

澳门居民在被指控犯罪时，享有尽早接受法院审判的权利，在法院判罪之前均假定无罪。

When charged with criminal offenses, Macao residents shall enjoy the right to an early court trial and shall be presumed innocent before convicted.

第三十条澳门居民的人格尊严不受侵犯。禁止用任何方法对居民进行侮辱、诽谤和诬告陷害。

Article 30 The human dignity of Macao residents shall be inviolable. Humiliation, slander and false accusation against residents in any form shall be prohibited.

澳门居民享有个人的名誉权、私人生活和家庭生活的隐私权。

Macao residents shall enjoy the right to personal reputation and the privacy of their private and family life.

第三十一条澳门居民的住宅和其他房屋不受侵犯。禁止任意或非法搜查、侵入居民的住宅和其他房屋。

Article 31 The homes and other premises of Macao residents shall be inviolable. Arbitrary or unlawful search of, or intrusion into, a resident's home or other premises shall be prohibited.

第三十二条澳门居民的通讯自由和通讯秘密受法律保护。

Article 32 The freedom and privacy of communication of Macao residents shall be protected by law.

除因公共安全和追查刑事犯罪的需要，由有关机关依照法律规定对通讯进行检查外，任何部门或个人不得以任何理由侵犯居民的通讯自由和通讯秘密。

No department or individual may, on any grounds, infringe upon the freedom and privacy of communication of residents except that the relevant authorities may inspect communication in accordance with the provisions of the law to meet the needs of public security or of investigation into criminal offenses.

第三十三条澳门居民有在澳门特别行政区境内迁徙的自由，有移居其他国家和地区的自由。

Article 33 Macao residents shall have freedom of movement within the Macao Special Administrative Region and freedom of emigration to other countries and regions.

澳门居民有旅行和出入境的自由，有依照法律取得各种旅行证件的权利。

They shall have freedom to travel and to enter or leave the Region and shall have the right to obtain travel documents in accordance with law.

有效旅行证件持有人，除非受到法律制止，可自由离开澳门特别行政区，无需特别批准。

Unless restrained by law, holders of valid travel documents shall be free to leave the Region without special authorization.

第三十四条澳门居民有信仰的自由。

Article 34 Macao residents shall have freedom of conscience.

澳门居民有宗教信仰的自由，有公开传教和举行、参加宗教活动的自由。

Macao residents shall have freedom of religious belief and freedom to preach and to conduct and participate in religious activities in public.

第三十五条澳门居民有选择职业和工作的自由。

Article 35 Macao residents shall have freedom of choice of occupation and work.

第三十六条澳门居民有权诉诸法律，向法院提起诉讼，得到律师的帮助以保护自已的合法权益，以及获得司法补救。

Article 36 Macao residents shall have the right to resort to law and to have access to the courts, to lawyers' help for protection of their lawful rights and interests, and to judicial remedies.

澳门居民有权对行政部门和行政人员的行为向法院提起诉讼。

Macao residents shall have the right to institute legal proceedings in the courts against the acts of the executive authorities and their personnel.

第三十七条澳门居民有从事教育、学术研究、文学艺术创作和其他文化活动的自由。

Article 37 Macao residents shall have freedom to engage in education, academic research, literary and artistic creation, and other cultural activities.

第三十八条澳门居民的婚姻自由、成立家庭和自愿生育的权利受法律保护。

Article 38 The freedom of marriage of Macao residents and their right to form and raise a family freely shall be protected by law.

妇女的合法权益受澳门特别行政区的保护。

The legitimate rights and interests of women shall be protected by the Macao Special Administrative Region.

未成年人、老年人和残疾人受澳门特别行政区的关怀和保护。

The minors, the aged and the disabled shall be taken care of and protected by the Macao Special Administrative Region.

第三十九条澳门居民有依法享受社会福利的权利。劳工的福利待遇和退休保障受法律保护。

Article 39 Macao residents shall have the right to social welfare in accordance with law. The welfare benefits and retirement security of the labor force shall be protected by law.

第四十条《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》、《经济、社会与文化权利的国际公约》和国际劳工公约适用于澳门的有关规定继续有效，通过澳门特别行政区的法律予以实施。

Article 40 The provisions of International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and international labor conventions as applied to Macao shall remain in force and shall be implemented through the laws of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

澳门居民享有的权利和自由，除依法规定外不得限制，此种限制不得与本条第一款规定抵触。

The rights and freedoms enjoyed by Macao residents shall not be restricted unless as prescribed by law. Such restrictions shall not contravene the provisions of the first paragraph of this Article.

第四十一条澳门居民享有澳门特别行政区法律保障的其他权利和自由。

Article 41 Macao residents shall enjoy the other rights and freedoms safeguarded by the laws of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

第四十二条在澳门的葡萄牙后裔居民的利益依法受澳门特别行政区的保护，他们的习俗和文化传统应受尊重。

Article 42 The interests of the residents of Portuguese descent in Macao shall be protected by the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with law, and their customs and cultural traditions shall be respected.

第四十三条在澳门特别行政区境内的澳门居民以外的其他人，依法享有本章规定的澳门居民的权利和自由。

Article 43 Persons in the Macao Special Administrative Region other than Macao residents shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the rights and freedoms of Macao residents prescribed in this Chapter.

第四十四条澳门居民和在澳门的其他人有遵守澳门特别行政区实行的法律的义务。

Article 44 Macao residents and other persons in Macao shall have the obligation to abide by the laws in force in the Macao Special Administrative Region.

第四章政治体制

Chapter IV Political Structure

第一节行政长官

Section 1 The Chief Executive

第四十五条澳门特别行政区行政长官是澳门特别行政区的首长，代表澳门特别行政区。

Article 45 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be the head of the Macao Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region.

澳门特别行政区行政长官依照本法规定对中央人民政府和澳门特别行政区负责。

The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第四十六条澳门特别行政区行政长官由年满四十周岁，在澳门通常居住连续满二十年的澳门特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

Article 46 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be a Chinese citizen of not less than 40 years of age who is a permanent resident of the Region and has habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 20 years.

第四十七条澳门特别行政区行政长官在当地通过选举或协商产生，由中央人民政府任命。

Article 47 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be selected by election or through consultations held locally and be appointed by the Central People's Government.

行政长官的产生办法由附件一《澳门特别行政区行政长官的产生办法》规定。

The specific method for selecting the Chief Executive is prescribed in Annex I "Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region.''

第四十八条澳门特别行政区行政长官任期五年，可连任一次。

Article 48 The term of office of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be five years. He or she may serve for not more than two consecutive terms.

第四十九条澳门特别行政区行政长官在任职期内不得具有外国居留权，不得从事私人赢利活动。

Article 49 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region, during his or her term of office, shall have no right of abode in any foreign country and shall not engage in any activities for his or her personal gains.

行政长官就任时应向澳门特别行政区终审法院院长申报财产，记录在案。

The Chief Executive, on assuming office, shall declare his or her assets to the President of the Court of Final Appeal of the Macao Special Administrative Region. This declaration shall be put on record.

第五十条澳门特别行政区行政长官行使下列职权：

Article 50 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）领导澳门特别行政区政府；

(1) To lead the government of the Region;

（二）负责执行本法和依照本法适用于澳门特别行政区的其他法律；

(2) To be responsible for the implementation of this Law and other laws which, in accordance with this Law, apply in the Macao Special Administrative Region;

（三）签署立法会通过的法案，公布法律；

(3) To sign bills passed by the Legislative Council and to promulgate laws;

签署立法会通过的财政预算案，将财政预算、决算报中央人民政府备案；

To sign budgets passed by the Legislative Council and report the budgets and final accounts to the Central People's Government for the record;

（四）决定政府政策，发布行政命令；

(4) To decide on government policies and to issue executive orders;

（五）制定行政法规并颁布执行；

(5) To formulate the administrative regulations and promulgate them for implementation;

（六）提名并报请中央人民政府任命下列主要官员：各司司长、廉政专员、审计长、警察部门主要负责人和海关主要负责人；建议中央人民政府免除上述官员职务；

(6) To nominate and to report to the Central People's Government for appointment of the following principal officials: Secretaries of Departments, Commissioner Against Corruption, Director of Audit, the leading members of the Police and the Customs and Excise; and to recommend to the Central People's Government the removal of the above-mentioned officials;

（七）委任部分立法会议员；

(7) To appoint part of the members of the Legislative Council;

（八）任免行政会委员；

(8) To appoint or remove members of the Executive Council;

（九）依照法定程序任免各级法院院长和法官，任免检察官；

(9) To appoint or remove presidents and judges of the courts at all levels and procurators in accordance with legal procedures;

（十）依照法定程序提名并报请中央人民政府任命检察长，建议中央人民政府免除检察长的职务；

(10) To nominate and report to the Central People's Government for appointment of the Procurator-General and recommend to the Central People's Government the removal of the Procurator-General in accordance with legal procedures;

（十一）依照法定程序任免公职人员；

(11) To appoint or remove holders of public office in accordance with legal procedures;

（十二）执行中央人民政府就本法规定的有关事务发出的指令；

(12) To implement the directives issued by the Central People's Government in respect of the relevant matters provided for in this Law;

（十三）代表澳门特别行政区政府处理中央授权的对外事务和其他事务；

(13) To conduct, on behalf of the Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region, external affairs and other affairs as authorized by the Central Authorities;

（十四）批准向立法会提出有关财政收入或支出的动议；

(14) To approve the introduction of motions regarding revenues or expenditure to the Legislative Council;

（十五）根据国家和澳门特别行政区的安全或重大公共利益的需要，决定政府官员或其他负责政府公务的人员是否向立法会或其所属的委员会作证和提供证据；

(15) To decide, in the light of security and vital public interests, whether government officials or other personnel in charge of government affairs should testify or give evidence before the Legislative Council or its committees;

（十六）依法颁授澳门特别行政区奖章和荣誉称号；

(16) To confer medals and titles of honor of the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with law;

（十七）依法赦免或减轻刑事罪犯的刑罚；

(17) To pardon persons convicted of criminal offenses or commute their penalties in accordance with law; and

（十八）处理请愿、申诉事项。

(18) To handle petitions and complaints.

第五十一条澳门特别行政区行政长官如认为立法会通过的法案不符合澳门特别行政区的整体利益，可在九十日内提出书面理由并将法案发回立法会重议。

Article 51 If the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region considers that a bill passed by the Legislative Council is not compatible with the overall interests of the Region, he or she may give his or her reasons in writing and return it to the Legislative Council within 90 days for reconsideration.

立法会如以不少于全体议员三分之二多数再次通过原案，行政长官必须在三十日内签署公布或依照本法第五十二条的规定处理。

If the Legislative Council passes the original bill again by not less than a two-thirds majority of all the members, the Chief Executive must sign and promulgate it within 30 days or act in accordance with the provisions of Article 52 of this Law.

第五十二条澳门特别行政区行政长官遇有下列情况之一时，可解散立法会：

Article 52 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region may dissolve the Legislative Council under any of the following circumstances:

（一）行政长官拒绝签署立法会再次通过的法案；

(1) The Chief Executive refuses to sign a bill passed the second time by the Legislative Council; and

（二）立法会拒绝通过政府提出的财政预算案或行政长官认为关系到澳门特别行政区整体利益的法案，经协商仍不能取得一致意见。

(2) The Legislative Council refuses to pass a budget introduced by the government or any other bills which he or she considers concern the overall interests of the Region, and after consultations, consensus still cannot be reached.

行政长官在解散立法会前，须征询行政会的意见，解散时应向公众说明理由。

Before dissolving the Legislative Council, the Chief Executive must consult the Executive Council and he or she shall explain the reason for it to the public.

行政长官在其一任任期内只能解散立法会一次。

The Chief Executive may dissolve the Legislative Council only once in each term of his or her office.

第五十三条澳门特别行政区行政长官在立法会未通过政府提出的财政预算案时，可按上一财政年度的开支标准批准临时短期拨款。

Article 53 If the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region fails to pass the budget introduced by the government, the Chief Executive may approve provisional short-term appropriations according to the level of expenditure of the previous fiscal year.

第五十四条澳门特别行政区行政长官如有下列情况之一者必须辞职：

Article 54 The Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region must resign under any of the following circumstances:

（一）因严重疾病或其他原因无力履行职务；

(1) When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;

（二）因两次拒绝签署立法会通过的法案而解散立法会，重选的立法会仍以全体议员三分之二多数通过所争议的原案，而行政长官在三十日内拒绝签署；

(2) When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because he or she twice refuses to sign a bill passed by it, the new Legislative Council again passes by a two-thirds majority of all the members the original bill in dispute, but he or she still refuses to sign it within 30 days; and

（三）因立法会拒绝通过财政预算案或关系到澳门特别行政区整体利益的法案而解散立法会，重选的立法会仍拒绝通过所争议的原案。

(3) When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because it refuses to pass a budget or any other bill concerning the overall interests of the Macao Special Administrative Region, the newly elected Legislative Council still refuses to pass the original bill in dispute.

第五十五条澳门特别行政区行政长官短期不能履行职务时，由各司司长按各司的排列顺序临时代理其职务。各司的排列顺序由法律规定。

Article 55 If the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region is not able to discharge his or her duties for a short period, such duties shall temporarily be assumed by the secretaries of the departments in the order of precedence which shall be stipulated by law.

行政长官出缺时，应在一百二十日内依照本法第四十七条的规定产生新的行政长官。

In the event that the office of Chief Executive becomes vacant, a new Chief Executive shall be selected within 120 days in accordance with the provisions of Article 47 of this Law.

行政长官出缺期间的职务代理，依照本条第一款规定办理，并报中央人民政府批准。

During the period of vacancy, his or her duties shall be assumed according to the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article and the choice of the acting Chief Executive shall be reported to the Central People's Government for approval.

代理行政长官应遵守本法第四十九条的规定。

The acting Chief Executive shall abide by the provisions of Article 49 of this Law.

第五十六条澳门特别行政区行政会是协助行政长官决策的机构。

Article 56 The Executive Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be an organ for assisting the Chief Executive in policy-making.

第五十七条澳门特别行政区行政会的委员由行政长官从政府主要官员、立法会议员和社会人士中委任，其任免由行政长官决定。

Article 57 Members of the Executive Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be appointed by the Chief Executive from among the principal officials of the executive authorities, members of the Legislative Council and public figures.

行政会委员的任期不超过委任他的行政长官的任期，但在新的行政长官就任前，原行政会委员暂时留任。

Their appointment or removal shall be decided by the Chief Executive. The term of office of members of the Executive Council shall not extend beyond the expiry of the term of office of the Chief Executive who appoints them. Members of the original Executive Council shall remain in office until the new Chief Executive is selected.

澳门特别行政区行政会委员由澳门特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

Members of the Executive Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region.

行政会委员的人数为七至十一人，行政长官认为必要时可邀请有关人士列席行政会会议。

The Executive Council shall be composed of seven to eleven persons. The Chief Executive may, as he or she deems necessary, invite other persons concerned to sit in on meetings of the Council.

第五十八条澳门特别行政区行政会由行政长官主持。

Article 58 The Executive Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be presided over by the Chief Executive.

行政会的会议每月至少举行一次。

The meeting of the Executive Council shall be held at least once each month.

行政长官在作出重要决策、向立法会提交法案、制定行政法规和解散立法会前，须征询行政会的意见，但人事任免、纪律制裁和紧急情况下采取的措施除外。

Except for the appointment, removal and disciplining of officials and the adoption of measures in emergencies, the Chief Executive shall consult the Executive Council before making important policy decisions, introducing bills to the Legislative Council, formulating administrative regulations, or dissolving the Legislative Council.

行政长官如不采纳行政会多数委员的意见，应将具体理由记录在案。

If the Chief Executive does not accept a majority opinion of the Executive Council, he or she shall put the specific reasons on record.

第五十九条澳门特别行政区设立廉政公署，独立工作。廉政专员对行政长官负责。

Article 59 A Commission Against Corruption shall be established in the Macao Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and its Commissioner shall be accountable to the Chief Executive.

第六十条澳门特别行政区设立审计署，独立工作。审计长对行政长官负责。

Article 60 A Commission of Audit shall be established in the Macao Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and its Director shall be accountable to the Chief Executive.

第二节行政机关

Section 2 The Executive Authorities

第六十一条澳门特别行政区政府是澳门特别行政区的行政机关。

Article 61 The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be the executive authorities of the Region.

第六十二条澳门特别行政区政府的首长是澳门特别行政区行政长官。

Article 62 The head of the Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be the Chief Executive of the Region.

澳门特别行政区政府设司、局、厅、处。

General secretariats, directorates of services, departments and divisions shall be established in the Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

第六十三条澳门特别行政区政府的主要官员由在澳门通常居住连续满十五年的澳门特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

Article 63 The principal officials of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region and have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 15 years.

澳门特别行政区主要官员就任时应向澳门特别行政区终审法院院长申报财产，记录在案。

The principal officials of the Macao Special Administrative Region, at the time of assuming office, shall declare their property to the President of the Court of Final Appeal of the Macao Special Administrative Region for the record.

第六十四条澳门特别行政区政府行使下列职权：

Article 64 The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）制定并执行政策；

(1) To formulate and implement policies;

（二）管理各项行政事务；

(2) To conduct administrative affairs;

（三）办理本法规定的中央人民政府授权的对外事务；

(3) To conduct external affairs as authorized by the Central People's Government under this Law;

（四）编制并提出财政预算、决算；

(4) To draw up and introduce budgets and final accounts;

（五）提出法案、议案，草拟行政法规；

(5) To introduce bills and motions and to draft administrative regulations; and

（六）委派官员列席立法会会议听取意见或代表政府发言。

(6) To designate officials to sit in on the meetings of the Legislative Council to hear opinions or speak on behalf of the government.

第六十五条澳门特别行政区政府必须遵守法律，对澳门特别行政区立法会负责：

Article 65 The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region must abide by the law and be accountable to the Legislative Council of the Region:

执行立法会通过并已生效的法律；定期向立法会作施政报告；答复立法会议员的质询。

it shall implement laws passed by the Council and already in force; it shall present regular policy addresses to the Council; and it shall answer questions raised by members of the Council.

第六十六条澳门特别行政区行政机关可根据需要设立咨询组织。

Article 66 The Executive authorities of the Macao Special Administrative Region may, when necessary, establish advisory bodies.

第三节立法机关

Section 3 The Legislature

第六十七条澳门特别行政区立法会是澳门特别行政区的立法机关。

Article 67 The Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be the legislature of the Region.

第六十八条澳门特别行政区立法会议员由澳门特别行政区永久性居民担任。

Article 68 The Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of the Region.

立法会多数议员由选举产生。

The majority of its members shall be elected.

立法会的产生办法由附件二《澳门特别行政区立法会的产生办法》规定。

The method for forming the Legislative Council is prescribed in Annex II Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region.

立法会议员就任时应依法申报经济状况。

Members of the Legislative Council, upon assuming office, shall declare their financial situation in accordance with legal procedures.

第六十九条澳门特别行政区立法会除第一届另有规定外，每届任期四年。

Article 69 The term of office of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be four years, except for the first term which shall be stipulated otherwise.

第七十条澳门特别行政区立法会如经行政长官依照本法规定解散，须于九十日内依照本法第六十八条的规定重新产生。

Article 70 If the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region is dissolved by the Chief Executive in accordance with the provisions of this Law, it must, within 90 days, be reconstituted in accordance with Article 68 of this Law.

第七十一条澳门特别行政区立法会行使下列职权：

Article 71 The Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）依照本法规定和法定程序制定、修改、暂停实施和废除法律；

(1) To enact, amend, suspend or repeal laws in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures;

（二）审核、通过政府提出的财政预算案；审议政府提出的预算执行情况报告；

(2) To examine and approve budgets introduced by the government; and examine the report on audit introduced by the government;

（三）根据政府提案决定税收，批准由政府承担的债务；

(3) To decide on taxation according to government motions and approve debts to be undertaken by the government;

（四）听取行政长官的施政报告并进行辩论；

(4) To receive and debate the policy addresses of the Chief Executive;

（五）就公共利益问题进行辩论；

(5) To debate any issue concerning public interests;

（六）接受澳门居民申诉并作出处理；

(6) To receive and handle complaints from Macao residents;

（七）如立法会全体议员三分之一联合动议，指控行政长官有严重违法或渎职行为而不辞职，经立法会通过决议，可委托终审法院院长负责组成独立的调查委员会进行调查。

(7) If a motion initiated jointly by one-third of all the members of the Legislative Council charges the Chief Executive with serious breach of law or dereliction of duty and if he or she refuses to resign, the Council may, by a resolution, give a mandate to the President of the Court of Final Appeal to form an independent investigation committee to carry out investigation.

调查委员会如认为有足够证据构成上述指控，立法会以全体议员三分之二多数通过，可提出弹劾案，报请中央人民政府决定；

If the committee considers the evidence sufficient to substantiate such charges, the Council may pass a motion of impeachment by a two-thirds majority of all its members and report it to the Central People's Government for decision; and

（八）在行使上述各项职权时，如有需要，可传召和要求有关人士作证和提供证据。

(8) To summon, as required when exercising the above-mentioned powers and functions, persons concerned to testify or give evidence.

第七十二条澳门特别行政区立法会设主席、副主席各一人。主席、副主席由立法会议员互选产生。

Article 72 The Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have a President and a Vice President who shall he elected by and from among the members of the Legislative Council.

澳门特别行政区立法会主席、副主席由在澳门通常居住连续满十五年的澳门特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

The President and Vice President of the Legislative Council shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region and have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 15 years.

第七十三条澳门特别行政区立法会主席缺席时由副主席代理。

Article 73 In case of absence of the President of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region, the Vice President shall act as President.

澳门特别行政区立法会主席或副主席出缺时，另行选举。

In the event that the office of President or of Vice President of the Legislative Council becomes vacant, new President or Vice President shall be elected.

第七十四条澳门特别行政区立法会主席行使下列职权：

Article 74 The President of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）主持会议；

(1) To preside over meetings;

（二）决定议程，应行政长官的要求将政府提出的议案优先列入议程；

(2) To decide on the agenda, giving priority to government bills for inclusion in the agenda upon the request of the Chief Executive;

（三）决定开会日期；

(3) To decide on the dates of meetings;

（四）在休会期间可召开特别会议；

(4) To call special sessions during the recess;

（五）召开紧急会议或应行政长官的要求召开紧急会议；

(5) To call emergency sessions on his or her own or upon the request of the Chief Executive; and

（六）立法会议事规则所规定的其他职权。

(6) To exercise other powers and functions as prescribed in the rules of procedure of the Legislative Council.

第七十五条澳门特别行政区立法会议员依照本法规定和法定程序提出议案。

Article 75 Members of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region may introduce bills in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures.

凡不涉及公共收支、政治体制或政府运作的议案，可由立法会议员个别或联名提出。

Bills which do not relate to public expenditure or political structure or the operation of the government may be introduced individually or jointly by members of the Council.

凡涉及政府政策的议案，在提出前必须得到行政长官的书面同意。

The written consent of the Chief Executive shall be required before bills relating to government policies are introduced.

第七十六条澳门特别行政区立法会议员有权依照法定程序对政府的工作提出质询。

Article 76 Members of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have the right to raise questions about the government work in accordance with legal procedures.

第七十七条澳门特别行政区立法会举行会议的法定人数为不少于全体议员的二分之一。

Article 77 The quorum for the meeting of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be not less than one half of all its members.

除本法另有规定外，立法会的法案、议案由全体议员过半数通过。

Except otherwise prescribed by this Law, bills and motions shall be passed by more than half of all the members of the Council.

立法会议事规则由立法会自行制定，但不得与本法相抵触。

The rules of procedure of the Legislative Council shall be made by the Council on its own, provided that they do not contravene this Law.

第七十八条澳门特别行政区立法会通过的法案，须经行政长官签署、公布，方能生效。

Article 78 A bill passed by the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region may take effect only after it is signed and promulgated by the Chief Executive.

第七十九条澳门特别行政区立法会议员在立法会会议上的发言和表决，不受法律追究。

Article 79 Members of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be immune from legal action in respect of their statements and voting at meetings of the Council.

第八十条澳门特别行政区立法会议员非经立法会许可不受逮捕，但现行犯不在此限。

Article 80 Members of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region, excluding active criminals, shall not be subjected to arrest without the permission of the Council.