第五节  货物交付

Section 5 Delivery of Goods

第八十一条  承运人向收货人交付货物时，收货人未将货物灭失或者损坏的情况书面通知承运人的，此项交付视为承运人已经按照运输单证的记载交付以货物状况良好的初步证据。

Article 81 Unless notice of loss or damage is given in writing by the consignee to the carrier at the time of delivery of the goods by the carrier to the consignee, such delivery shall be deemed to be prima facie evidence of the delivery of the goods by the carrier as described in the transport documents and of the apparent good order and condition of such goods.

货物灭失或者损坏的情况非显而易见的，在货物交付的次日起连续七日内，集装箱货物交付的次日起连续十五日内，收货人未提交书面通知的，适用前款规定。

Where the loss of or damage to the goods is not apparent, the provisions of the preceding paragraph shall apply if the consignee has not given the notice in writing within seven consecutive days from the next day of the delivery of the goods, or, in the case of containerized goods, within 15 days from the next day of the delivery thereof.

货物交付时，收货人已经会同承运人对货物进行联合检查或者检验的，无需就所查明的灭失或者损坏的情况提交书面通知。

The notice in writing regarding the loss or damage need not be given if the state of the goods has, at the time of delivery, been the subject of a joint survey or inspection by the carrier and the consignee.

第八十二条  承运人自向收货人交付货物的次日起连续六十日内，未收到收货人就货物因迟延交付造成经济损失而提交的书面通知的，不负赔偿责任。

Article 82 The carrier shall not be liable for compensation if no notice on the economic losses resulting from delay in delivery of the goods has been received from the consignee within 60 consecutive days from the next day on which the goods had been delivered by the carrier to the consignee.

第八十三条  收货人在目的港提取货物前或者承运人在目的港交付货物前，可以要求检验机构对货物状况进行检验；

Article 83 The consignee may, before taking delivery of the goods at the port of destination, and the carrier may, before delivering the goods at the port of destination, request the cargo inspection agency to have the goods inspected.

要求检验的一方应当支付检验费用，是有权向造成货物损失的责任方追偿。

The party requesting such inspection shall bear the cost thereof but is entitled to recover the same from the party causing the damage.

第八十四条  承运人和收货人对本法第八十一条和第八十三条规定的检验，应当相互提供合理的便利条件。

Article 84 The carrier and the consignee shall mutually provide reasonable facilities for the survey and inspection stipulated in Article 81 and 83 of this Code.

第八十五条  货物由实际承运人交付的，收货人依照本法第八十一条的规定向实际承运人提交的书面通知，与向承运人提交书面通知具有同等效力；向承人提交的书面通知，与向实际承运人提交书面通知具有同等效力。

Article 85 Where the goods have been delivered by the actual carrier, the notice in writing given by the consignee to the actual carrier under Article 81 of this Code shall have the same effect as that given to the carrier, and that given to the carrier shall have the same effect as that given to the actual carrier.

第八十六条  在卸货港无人提取货物或者收货人迟延、拒绝提取货物的，船长可以将货物卸在仓库或者其他适当场所，由此产生的费用和风险由收货人承。

Article 86 If the goods were not taken delivery of at the port of discharge or if the consignee has delayed or refused the taking delivery of the goods, the Master may discharge the goods into warehouses or other appropriate places, and any expenses or risks arising therefrom shall be borne by the consignee.

第八十七条  应当向承运人支付的运费、共同海损分摊、滞期费和承运人为货物垫付的必要费用以及应当向承运人支付的其他费用没有付清，又没有提供当担保的，承运人可以在合理的限度内留置其货物。

Article 87 If the freight, contribution in general average, demurrage to be paid to the carrier and other necessary charges paid by the carrier on behalf of the owner of the goods as well as other charges to be paid to the carrier have not been paid in full, nor has appropriate security been given, the carrier may have a lien, to a reasonable extent, on the goods.

第八十八条  承运人根据本法第八十七条规定留置的货物，自船舶抵达卸货港的次日起满六十日无人提取的，承运人可以申请法院裁定拍卖；

Article 88 If the goods under lien in accordance with the provisions of Article 87 of this Code have not been taken delivery of within 60 days from the next day of the ship's arrival at the port of discharge, the carrier may apply to the court for an order on selling the goods by auction;

货物易腐烂质或者货物的保管费用可能超过其价值的，可以申请提前拍卖。

where the goods are perishable or the expenses for keeping such goods would exceed their value, the carrier may apply for an earlier sale by auction.

拍卖所得价款，用于清偿保管、拍卖货物的费用和运费以及应当向承运人支付的其他有关费用；

The proceeds from the auction sale shall be used to pay off the expenses for the storage and auction sale of the goods, the freight and other related charges to be paid to the carrier.

不足的金额，承运人有权向托运人追偿；剩余的金额，退还托运人；

If the proceeds fall short of such expenses, the carrier is entitled to claim the difference from the shipper, whereas any amount in surplus shall be refunded to the shipper.

无法退还、自拍卖之日起满一年又无人领取的，上缴国库。

If there is no way to make the refund and such surplus amount has not been claimed at the end of one full year after the auction sale, it shall go to the State Treasury.

第六节  合同的解除

Section 6 Cancellation of Contract

第八十九条  船舶在装货港开航前，托运人可以要求解除合同。

Article 89 The shipper may request the cancellation of the contract of carriage of goods by sea before the ship sails from the port of loading.

但是，除合同另有约定外，托运人应当向承运人支付约定运费的一半；

However, except as otherwise provided for in the contract, the shipper shall in this case pay half of the agreed amount of freight;

货物已经装船的，应当负担装货、卸货和其他与此有关的费用。

if the goods have already been loaded on board, the shipper shall bear the expenses for the loading and discharge and other related charges.

第九十条  船舶在装货港开航前，因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于承运人和托运人的原因致使合同不能履行的，双方均可以解除合同，并互相不负赔偿责。

Article 90 Either the carrier or the shipper may request the cancellation of the contract and neither shall be liable to the other if, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of the carrier or the shipper, the contract could not be performed prior to the ship's sailing from its port of loading.

除合同另有约定外，运费已经支付的，承运人应当将运费退还给托运人；货物已经装船的，托运人应当承担装卸费用；

If the freight has already been paid, it shall be refunded to the shipper, and, if the goods have already been loaded on board, the loading/discharge expenses shall be borne by the shipper.

已经签发提单的，托运人应当将提单退还承运人。

If a bill of lading has already been issued, it shall be returned by the shipper to the carrier.

第九十一条  因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于承运人和托运人的原因致使船舶不能在合同约定的目的港卸货的，除合同另有约定外，船长有权将货物在目港邻近的安全港口或者地点卸载，视为已经履行合同。

Article 91 If, due to force majeure or any other causes not attributable to the fault of the carrier or the shipper, the ship could not discharge its goods at the port of destination as provided for in the contract of carriage, unless the contract provides otherwise, the Master shall be entitled to discharge the goods at a safe port or place near the port of destination and the contract of carriage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.

船长决定将货物卸载的，应当及时通知托运人或者收货人，并考虑托运人或者收货人的利益。

In deciding the discharge of the goods, the Master shall inform the shipper or the consignee and shall take the interests of the shipper or the consignee into consideration.

第七节  航次租船合同的特别规定

Section 7 Special Provisions Regarding Voyage Charter Party

第九十二条  航次租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供船舶或者船舶的部分舱位，装运约定的货物，从一港运至另一港，由承租人支付约定运费的合。

Article 92 A voyage charter party is a charter party under which the shipowner charters out and the charterer charters in the whole or part of the ship's space for the carriage by sea of the intended goods from one port to another and the charterer pays the agreed amount of freight.

第九十三条  航次租船合同的内容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名称、船名、船籍、载货重量、容积、货名、装货港和目的港、受载期限、装卸期限、运、滞期费、速遣费以及其他有关事项。

Article 93 A voyage charter party shall mainly contain, interalia, name of the shipowner, name of the charterer, name and nationality of the ship, its bale or grain capacity, description of the goods to be loaded, port of loading, port of destination, laydays, time for loading and discharge, payment of freight, demurrage, dispatch and other relevant matters.

第九十四条  本法第四十七条和第四十九条的规定，适用于航次租船合同的出租人。

Article 94 The provisions in Article 47 and Article 49 of this Code shall apply to the shipowner under voyage charter party.

本章其他有关合同当事人之间的权利、义务的规定，仅在航次租船合同没有约定或者没有不同约定时，适用于航次租船合同的出租人和承租人。

The other provisions in this Chapter regarding the rights and obligations of the parties to the contract shall apply to the shipowner and the charterer under voyage charter only in the absence of relevant provisions or in the absence of provisions differing therefrom in the voyage charter.

第九十五条  对按照航次租船合同运输的货物签发的提单，提单持有人不是承租人的，承运人与该提单持有人之间的权利、义务关系适用提单的约定。

Article 95 Where the holder of the bill of lading is not the charterer in the case of a bill of lading issued under a voyage charter, the rights and obligations of the carrier and the holder of the bill of lading shall be governed by the clauses of the bill of lading.

但，提单中载明适用航次租船合同条款的，适用该航次租船合同的条款。

However, if the clauses of the voyage charter party are incorporated into the bill of lading, the relevant clauses of the voyage charter party shall apply.

第九十六条  出租人应当提供约定的船舶；经承租人同意，可以更换船舶。

Article 96 The shipowner shall provide the intended ship. The intended ship may be substituted with the consent of the charterer.

但是，提供的船舶或者更换的船舶不符合合同约定的，承租人有权拒绝或者解合同。

However, if the ship substituted does not meet the requirements of the charter party, the charterer may reject the ship or cancel the charter.

因出租人过失未提供约定的船舶致使承租人遭受损失的，出租人应当负赔偿责任。

Should any damage or loss occur to the charterer as a result of the shipowner's failure in providing the intended ship due to his fault, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.

第九十七条  出租人在约定的受载期限内未能提供船舶的，承租人有权解除合同。

Article 97 If the shipowner has failed to provide the ship within the laydays fixed in the charter, the charterer is entitled to cancel the charter party.

但是，出租人将船舶延误情况和船舶预期抵达装货港的日期通知承租人，承租人应当自收到通知时起四十八小时内，将是否解除合同的决定通知出租人。

However, if the shipowner had notified the charterer of the delay of the ship and the expected date of its arrival at the port of loading, the charterer shall notify the shipowner whether to cancel the charter within 48 hours of the receipt of the shipowner's notification.

因出租人过失延误提供船舶致使承租人遭受损失的，出租人应当负赔偿责任。

Where the charterer has suffered losses as a result of the delay in providing the ship due to the fault of the shipowner, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.

第九十八条  航次租船合同的装货、卸货期限及其计算办法，超过装货、卸货期限后的滞期费和提前完成装货、卸货的速遣费，由双方约定。

Article 98 Under a voyage charter, the time for loading and discharge and the way of calculation thereof, as well as the rate of demurrage that would incur after the expiration of the laytime and the rate of dispatch money to be paid as a result of the completion of loading or discharge ahead of schedule, shall be fixed by the shipowner and the charterer upon mutual agreement.

第九十九条  承租人可以将其租用的船舶转租；转租后，原合同约定的权利和义务不受影响。

Article 99 The charterer may sublet the ship he chartered, but the rights and obligations under the head charter shall not be affected.

第一百条  承租人应当提供约定的货物；经出租人同意，可以更换货物。

Article 100 The charterer shall provide the intended goods, but he may replace the goods with the consent of the shipowner.

但是，更换的货物对出租人不利的，出租人有权拒绝或者解除合同。

However, if the goods replaced is detrimental to the interests of the shipowner, the shipowner shall be entitled to reject such goods and cancel the charter.

因未提供约定的货物致使出租人遭受损失的，承租人应当负赔偿责任。

Where the shipowner has suffered losses as a result of the failure of the charterer in providing the intended goods, the charterer shall be liable for compensation.

第一百零一条  出租人应当在合同约定的卸货港卸货。

Article 101 The shipowner shall discharge the goods at the port of discharge specified in the charter party.

合同订有承租人选择卸货港条款的，在承租人未按照合同约定及时通知确定的卸货港时，船长可以约定的选卸港中自行选定一港卸货。

 Where the charter party contains a clause allowing the choice of the port of discharge by the charterer, the Master may choose one from among the agreed picked ports to discharge the goods, in case the charterer did not, as agreed in the charter, instruct in time as to the port chosen for discharging the goods.

承租人未按照合同约定及时通知确定的卸货港，致使出租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

Where the charterer did not instruct in time as to the chosen port of discharge, as agreed in the charter, and the shipowner suffered losses thereby, the charterer shall be liable for compensation;

出租人未按照合同约定，擅自选定港口卸货致使承租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

where the charterer has suffered losses as a result of the shipowner's arbitrary choice of a port to discharge the goods, in disregard of the provisions in the relevant charter, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.

第八节  多式联运合同的特别规定

Section 8 Special Provisions Regarding Multimodal Transport Contract

第一百零二条  本法所称多式联运合同，是指多式联运经营人以两种以上的不同运输方式，其中一种是海上运输方式，负责将货物从接收地运至目的地交收货人，并收取全程运费的合同。

Article 102 A multimodal transport contract as referred to in this Code means a contract under which the multimodal transport operator undertakes to transport the goods, against the payment of freight for the entire transport, from the place where the goods were received in his charge to the destination and to deliver them to the consignee by two or more different modes of transport, one of which being sea carriage.

前款所称多式联运经营人，是指本人或者委托他人以本人名义与托运人订立多式联运合同的人。

The multimodal transport operator as referred to in the preceding paragraph means the person who has entered into a multimodal transport contract with the shipper either by himself or by another person acting on his behalf.

第一百零三条  多式联运经营人对多式联运货物的责任期间，自接收货物时起至交付货物时止。

Article 103 The responsibility of the multimodal transport operator with respect to the goods under multimodal transport contract covers the period from the time he takes the goods in his charge to the time of their delivery.

第一百零四条  多式联运经营人负责履行或者组织履行多式联运合同，并对全程运输负责。

Article 104 The multimodal transport operator shall be responsible for the performance of the multimodal transport contract or the procurement of the performance therefor, and shall be responsible for the entire transport.

多式联运经营人与参加多式联运的各区段承运人，可以就多式联运合同的各区段运输，另以合同约定相互之间的责任。

The multimodal transport operator may enter into separate contracts with the carriers of the different modes defining their responsibilities with regard to the different sections of the transport under the multimodal transport contracts.

但是，此项合同不得影响多式联运经营人对全程运输所承担的责任。

However, such separate contracts shall not affect the responsibility of the multimodal transport operator with respect to the entire transport.

第一百零五条  货物的灭失或者损坏发生于多式联运的某一运输区段的，多式联运经营人的赔偿责任和责任限额，适用调整该区段运输方式的有关法律规。

Article 105 If loss of or damage to the goods has occurred in a certain section of the transport, the provisions of the relevant laws and regulations governing that specific section of the multimodal transport shall be applicable to matters concerning the liability of the multimodal transport operator and the limitation thereof.

第一百零六条  货物的灭失或者损坏发生的运输区段不能确定的，多式联运经营人应当依照本章关于承运人赔偿责任和责任限额的规定负赔偿责任。

Article 106 If the section of transport in which the loss of or damage to the goods occurred could not be ascertained, the multimodal transport operator shall be liable for compensation in accordance with the stipulations regarding the carrier's liability and the limitation thereof as set out in this Chapter.

第五章  海上旅客运输合同

Chapter V Contract of Carriage of Passengers by Sea

第一百零七条  海上旅客运输合同，是指承运人以适合运送旅客的船舶经海路将旅客及其行李从一港运送至另一港，由旅客支付票款的合同。

Article 107 A contract of carriage of passengers by sea is a contract whereby the carrier undertakes to carry passengers and their luggage by sea from one port to another by ships suitable for that purpose against payment of fare by the passengers.

第一百零八条  本章下列用语的含义：

Article 108 For the purposes of this Chapter:

（一）“承运人”，是指本人或者委托他人以本人名义与旅客订立海上旅客运输合同的人。

(1) "Carrier" means the person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage of passengers by sea has been entered into with the passengers;

（二）“实际承运人”，是指接受承运人委托，从事旅客运送或者部分运送的人，包括接受转委托从事此项运送的其他人。

(2) "Actual carrier" means the person by whom the whole or part of the carriage of passengers has been performed as entrusted by the carrier, including those engaged in such carriage under a sub-contract.

（三）“旅客”，是指根据海上旅客运输合同运送的人；经承运人同意，根据海上货物运输合同，随船护送货物的人，视为旅客。

(3) "Passenger" means a person carried under a contract of carriage of passengers by sea. With the consent of the carrier, a person supervising the carriage of goods aboard a ship covered by a contract of carriage of goods is regarded as a passenger;

（四）“行李”，是指根据海上旅客运输合同由承运人载运的任何物品和车辆，但是活动物除外。

(4) "Luggage" means any article or vehicle shipped by the carrier under the contract of carriage of passengers by sea, with the exception of live animals.

（五）“自带行李”，是指旅客自行携带、保管或者放置在客舱中的行李。

(5) "Cabin luggage" means the luggage which the passenger has in his cabin or is otherwise in his possession, custody or control.

第一百零九条  本章关于承运人责任的规定，适用于实际承运人。本章关于承运人的受雇人、代理人责任的规定，适用于实际承运人的受雇人、代理人。

Article 109 The provisions regarding the responsibilities of the carrier as contained in this Chapter shall be applicable to the actual carrier, and the provisions regarding the responsibilities of the servant or agent of the carrier as contained in this Chapter shall be applicable to the servant or agent of the actual carrier.

第一百一十条  旅客客票是海上旅客运输合同成立的凭证。

Article 110 The passage ticket serves as an evidence that a contract of carriage of passengers by sea has been entered into.

第一百一十一条  海上旅客运输的运送期间，自旅客登船时起至旅客离船时止。客票票价含接送费用的，运送期间并包括承运人经水路将旅客从岸上接到上和从船上送到岸上的时间，但是不包括旅客在港站内、码头上或者在港口其他设施内的时间。

Article 111 The period of carriage for the carriage of passengers by sea commences from the time of embarkation of the passengers and terminates at the time of their disembarkation, including the period during which the passengers are transported by water from land to the ship or vice versa, if such cost of transport is included in the fare. However, the period of carriage does not include the time when the passengers are at a marine terminal or station or on a quay or in or on any other port installations.

旅客的自带行李，运送期间同前款规定。旅客自带行李以外的其他行李，运送期间自旅客将行李交付承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人时起至承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人交还旅客时止。

The period of carriage for the cabin luggage of the passengers shall be the same as that stipulated in the preceding paragraph. The period of carriage for luggage other than the cabin luggage commences from the time when the carrier or his servant or agent receives it into his charge and terminates at the time when the carrier or his servant or agent redelivers it to the passengers.

第一百一十二条  旅客无票乘船、越级乘船或者超程乘船，应当按照规定补足票款，承运人可以按照规定加收票款；拒不交付的，船长有权在适当地点令离船，承运人有权向其追偿。

Article 112 A passenger travelling without a ticket or taking a higher class berth than booked or going beyond the distance paid for shall pay for the fare or the excess fare as required by relevant regulations, and the carrier may, according to the relevant regulations, charge additional fare. Should any passenger refuse to pay, the Master is entitled to order him to disembark at a suitable place and the carrier has the right of recourse against him.

第一百一十三条  旅客不得随身携带或者在行李中夹带违禁品或者易燃、易爆、有毒、有腐蚀性、有放射性以及有可能危及船上人身和财产安全的其他危品。

Article 113 No passenger may take on board or pack in their luggage contraband goods or any article of an inflammable, explosive, poisonous, corrosive or radioactive nature or other dangerous goods that would endanger the safety of life and property on board.

承运人可以在任何时间、任何地点将旅客违反前款规定随身携带或者在行李中夹带的违禁品、危险品卸下、销毁或者使之不能为害，或者送交有关部门，而不负赔偿责任。

The carrier may have the contraband or dangerous goods brought on board by the passenger or packed in his luggage in breach of the provisions of the preceding paragraph discharged, destroyed or rendered innocuous at any time and at any place or sent over to the appropriate authorities, without being liable for compensation.

旅客违反本条第一款规定，造成损害的，应当负赔偿责任。

The passenger shall be liable for compensation if any loss or damage occurs as a result of his breach of the provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article.

第一百一十四条  在本法第一百一十一条规定的旅客及其行李的运送期间，因承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人在受雇或者受委托的范围内的过失引起故，造成旅客人身伤亡或者行李灭失、损坏的，承运人应当负赔偿责任。

Article 114 During the period of carriage of the passengers and their luggage as provided for in Article 111 of this Code, the carrier shall be liable for the death of or personal injury to passengers or the loss of or damage to their luggage resulting from accidents caused by the fault of the carrier or his servant or agent committed within the scope of his employment or agency.

请求人对承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人的过失，应当负举证责任；但是，本条第三款和第四款规定的情形除外。

The claimant shall bear the burden of proof regarding the fault of the carrier or his servant or agent, with the exception, however, of the circumstances specified in paragraphs 3 and 4 of this Article.

旅客的人身伤亡或者自带行李的灭失、损坏，是由于船舶的沉没、碰撞、搁浅、爆炸、火灾所引起或者是由于船舶的缺陷所引起的，承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人除非提出反证，应当视为其有过失。

If the death of or personal injury to the passengers or loss of or damage to the passengers' cabin luggage occurred as a result of shipwreck, collision, stranding, explosion, fire or the defect of the ship, it shall be presumed that the carrier or his servant or agent has committed a fault, unless proof to the contrary has been given by the carrier or his servant or agent.

旅客自带行李以外的其他行李的灭失或者损坏，不论由于何种事故所引起，承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人除非提出反证，应当视为其有过失。

As to any loss of or damage to the luggage other than the passenger's cabin luggage, unless the carrier or his servant or agent proves to the contrary, it shall be presumed that the carrier or his servant or agent has committed a fault, no matter how the loss or damage was caused.

第一百一十五条  经承运人证明，旅客的人身伤亡或者行李的灭失、损坏，是由于旅客本人的过失或者旅客和承运人的共同过失造成的，可以免除或者相减轻承运人的赔偿责任。

Article 115 If it is proved by the carrier that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to his luggage was caused by the fault of the passenger himself or the faults of the carrier and the passenger combined, the carrier's liability may be exonerated or appropriately mitigated.

经承运人证明，旅客的人身伤亡或者行李的灭失、损坏，是由于旅客本人的故意造成的，或者旅客的人身伤亡是由于旅客本人健康状况造成的，承运人不负赔偿责任。

If it is proved by the carrier that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage was intentionally caused by the passenger himself, or the death or personal injury was due to the health condition of his, the carrier shall not be liable therefor.

第一百一十六条  承运人对旅客的货币、金银、珠宝、有价证券或者其他贵重物品所发生的灭失、损坏，不负赔偿责任。

Article 116 The carrier shall not be liable for any loss of or damage to the monies, gold, silver, jewellery, negotiable securities or other valuables of the passengers.

旅客与承运人约定将前款规定的物品交由承运人保管的，承运人应当依照本法第一百一十七条的规定负赔偿责任；

If the passenger has entrusted the above-mentioned valuables to the safe-keeping of the carrier under an agreement for that purpose, the carrier shall be liable for compensation in accordance with the provisions of Article 117 of this Code.

双方以书面约定的赔偿限额高于本法第一百一十七条的规定的，承运人应当按照约定的数额负赔偿责任。

 Where the limitation of liability agreed upon between the carrier and the passenger in writing is higher than that set out in Article 117 of this Code, the carrier shall make the compensation in accordance with that higher amount.

第一百一十七条  除本条第四款规定的情形外，承运人在每次海上旅客运输中的赔偿责任限额，依照下列规定执行：

Article 117 Except the circumstances specified in paragraph 4 of this Article, the limitation of liability of the carrier under each carriage of passengers by sea shall be governed by the following:

（一）旅客人身伤亡的，每名旅客不超过４６６６６计算单位；

(1) For death of or personal injury to the passenger: not exceeding 46,666 Units of Account per passenger;

（二）旅客自带行李灭失或者损坏的，每名旅客不超过８３３计算单位；

(2) For loss of or damage to the passengers' cabin luggage: not exceeding 833 Units of Account per passenger;

（三）旅客车辆包括该车辆所载行李灭失或者损坏的，每一车辆不超过３３３３计算单位；

(3) For loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles including the luggage carried therein: not exceeding 3,333 Units of Account per vehicle;

（四）本款第（二）、（三）项以外的旅客其他行李灭失或者损坏的，每名旅客不超过１２００计算单位。

(4) For loss of or damage to luggage other than those described in subparagraphs (2) and (3) above: not exceeding 1,200 Units of Account per passenger.

承运人和旅客可以约定，承运人对旅客车辆和旅客车辆以外的其他行李损失的免赔额。

An agreement may be reached between the carrier and the passengers with respect to the deductibles applicable to the compensation for loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles and luggage other than their vehicles.

但是，对每一车辆损失的免赔额不得超过１１７计算单位，对每名旅客的车辆以外的其他行李损失的免赔额不得超过１３计算单位。

However, the deductible with respect to the loss of or damage to the passengers' vehicles shall not exceed 117 Units of Account per vehicle, whereas the deductible for the loss of or damage to the luggage other than the vehicle shall not exceed 13 Units of Account per piece of luggage per passenger.

在计算每一车辆或者每名旅客的车辆以外的其他行李的损失赔偿数额时，应当扣除约定的承运人免赔额。

In calculating the amount of compensation for the loss of or damage to the passenger's vehicle or the luggage other than the vehicle, deduction shall be made of the agreed deductibles the carrier is entitled to.

承运人和旅客可以书面约定高于本条第一款规定的赔偿责任限额。

A higher limitation of liability than that set out in sub-paragraph (1) above may be agreed upon between the carrier and the passenger in writing.

中华人民共和国港口之间的海上旅客运输，承运人的赔偿责任限额，由国务院交通主管部门制定，报国务院批准后施行。

The limitation of liability of the carrier with respect to the carriage of passengers by sea between the ports of the People's Republic of China shall be fixed by the competent authorities of transport and communications under the State Council and implemented after its being submitted to and approved by the State Council.

第一百一十八条  经证明，旅客的人身伤亡或者行李的灭失、损坏，是由于承运人的故意或者明知可能造成损害而轻率地作为或者不作为造成的，承运人得援用本法第一百一十六条和第一百一十七条限制赔偿责任的规定。

Article 118 If it is proved that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss or damage or recklessly and with knowledge that such death or personal injury or such loss or damage would probably result, the carrier shall not invoke the provisions regarding the limitation of liability contained in Articles 116 and 117 of this Code.

经证明，旅客的人身伤亡或者行李的灭失、损坏，是由于承运人的受雇人、代理人的故意或者明知可能造成损害而轻率地作为或者不作为造成的，承运人的受雇人、代理人不得援用本法第一百一十六条和第一百一十七条限制赔偿责任的规定。

If it is proved that the death of or personal injury to the passenger or the loss of or damage to the passenger's luggage resulted from an act or omission of the servant or agent of the carrier done with the intent to cause such loss or damage or recklessly and with knowledge that such death or personal injury or such loss or damage would probably result, the servant or agent of the carrier shall not invoke the provisions regarding the limitation of liability contained in Articles 116 and 117 of this Code.

第一百一十九条  行李发生明显损坏的，旅客应当依照下列规定向承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人提交书面通知：

Article 119 In case of apparent damage to the luggage, the passenger shall notify the carrier or his servant or agent in writing according to the following:

（一）自带行李，应当在旅客离船前或者离船时提交；

(1) Notice with respect to cabin luggage shall be made before or at the time of his embarkation;

（二）其他行李，应当在行李交还前或者交还时提交。

(2) Notice regarding luggage other than cabin luggage shall be me or at the time of redelivery thereof.

行李的损坏不明显，旅客在离船时或者行李交还时难以发现的，以及行李发生灭失的，旅客应当在离船或者行李交还或者应当交还之日起十五日内，向承运人或者承运人的受雇人、代理人提交书面通知。

If the damage to the luggage is not apparent and it is difficult for the passenger to discover such damage at the time of his disembarkation or of the redelivery of the luggage, or if the luggage has been lost, the passenger shall notify the carrier or his servant or agent in writing within 15 days from the next day of disembarkation of the passenger or of the redelivery of the luggage.

旅客未依照本条第一、二款规定及时提交书面通知的，除非提出反证，视为已经完整无损地收到行李。

If the passenger fails to send in the notice in writing in time in accordance with the provisions of sub-paragraphs (1) and (2) of this Article, it shall be presumed that the luggage has been received undamaged, unless proof to the contrary is made.

行李交还时，旅客已经会同承运人对行李进行联合检查或者检验的，无需提交书面通知。

Where the luggage has been jointly surveyed or inspected by the passenger and the carrier at the time of redelivery thereof, the abovementioned notice need not be given.

第一百二十条  向承运人的受雇人、代理人提出的赔偿请求，受雇人或者代理人证明其行为是在受雇或者受委托的范围内的，有权援用本法第一百一十五、第一百一十六条和第一百一十七条的抗辩理由和赔偿责任限制的规定。

Article 120 With regard to the claims made to the carrier's servant or agent, such servant or agent shall be entitled to invoke the provisions regarding defence and limitation of liability contained in Articles 115, 116 and 117 of this Code if such servant or agent proves that his act or omission was within the scope of his employment or agency.

第一百二十一条  承运人将旅客运送或者部分运送委托给实际承运人履行的，仍然应当依照本章规定，对全程运送负责。

Article 121 Where the performance of the carriage of passengers or part thereof has been entrusted by the carrier to an actual carrier, the carrier shall, as stipulated in this Chapter, remain liable for the entire carriage.

实际承运人履行运送的，承运人当对实际承运人的行为或者实际承运人的受雇人、代理人在受雇或者受委托的范围内的行为负责。

Where the carriage is performed by the actual carrier, the carrier shall be liable for the act or omission of the actual carrier or the act or omission of his servant or agent within the scope of his employment or agency.

第一百二十二条  承运人承担本章未规定的义务或者放弃本章赋予的权利的任何特别协议，经实际承运人书面明确同意的，对实际承运人发生效力；实际运人是否同意，不影响此项特别协议对承运人的效力。

Article 122 Any special agreement under which the carrier assumes obligations not provided for in this Chapter or waives the rights conferred by this Chapter shall be binding upon the actual carrier where the actual carrier has expressly agreed in writing to the contents thereof. Such a special agreement shall be binding upon the carrier whether the actual carrier has agreed to its contents or not.

第一百二十三条  承运人与实际承运人均负有赔偿责任的，应当在此项责任限度内负连带责任。

Article 123 Where both the carrier and the actual carrier are liable for compensation, they shall be liable jointly and severally within the scope of such liability.

第一百二十四条  就旅客的人身伤亡或者行李的灭失、损坏，分别向承运人、实际承运人以及他们的受雇人、代理人提出赔偿请求的，赔偿总额不得超过法第一百一十七条规定的限额。

Article 124 Where separate claims have been brought against the carrier, the actual carrier and their servants or agents with respect to the death of or personal injury to the passengers or the loss of or damage to their luggage, the aggregate amount of compensation shall not be in excess of the limitation prescribed in Article 117 of this Code.

第一百二十五条  本法第一百二十一条至第一百二十四条的规定，不影响承运人和实际承运人之间相互追偿。

Article 125 The provisions of Articles 121 through 124 of this Code shall not affect the right of recourse between the carrier and the actual carrier.

第一百二十六条  海上旅客运输合同中含有下列内容之一的条款无效：

Article 126 Any of the following clauses contained in a contract of carriage of passengers by sea shall be null and void:

（一）免除承运人对旅客应当承担的法定责任；

(1) Any clause that exonerates the statutory responsibility of the carrier in respect of the passenger;

（二）降低本章规定的承运人责任限额；

(2) Any clause that reduces the limitation of liability of the carrier as contained in this Chapter;

（三）对本章规定的举证责任作出相反的约定；

(3) Any clause that contains provisions contrary to those of this Chapter concerning burden of proof;

（四）限制旅客提出赔偿请求的权利。

(4) Any clause that restricts the right of claim of the passenger.

前款规定的合同条款的无效，不影响合同其他条款的效力。

The nullity and voidness of the clauses set out in the preceding paragraph shall not prejudice the validity of the other clauses of the contract.

第六章  船舶租用合同

Chapter VI Charter Parties

第一节  一般规定

Section 1 Basic Principles

第一百二十七条  本章关于出租人和承租人之间权利、义务的规定，仅在船舶租用合同没有约定或者没有不同约定时适用。

Article 127 The provisions concerning the rights and obligations of the shipowner and the charterer in this Chapter shall apply only when there are no stipulations or no different stipulations in this regard in the charter party.

第一百二十八条  船舶租用合同，包括定期租船合同和光船租赁合同，均应当书面订立。

Article 128 Charter parties including time charter parties and bareboat charter parties shall be concluded in writing.

第二节  定期租船合同

Section 2 Time Charter Party

第一百二十九条  定期租船合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供约定的由出租人配备船员的船舶，由承租人在约定的期间内按照约定的用途使用，并支付金的合同。

Article 129 A time charter party is a contract under which the shipowner provides a designated manned ship to the charterer, and the charterer employs the ship during the contractual period for the agreed service against payment of hire.

第一百三十条  定期租船合同的内容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名称、船名、船籍、船级、吨位、容积、船速、燃料消耗、航区、用途、租船期间、交和还船的时间和地点以及条件、租金及其支付，以及其他有关事项。

Article 130 A time charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner, the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage, capacity, speed and fuel consumption of the ship; the trading area; the agreed service, the contractual period, the time, place and conditions of delivery and redelivery of the ship; the hire and the way of its payment and other relevant matters.

第一百三十一条  出租人应当按照合同约定的时间交付船舶。

Article 131 The shipowner shall deliver the ship within the time agreed upon in the charter party.

出租人违反前款规定的，承租人有权解除合同。

Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer is entitled to cancel the charter.

出租人将船舶延误情况和船舶预期抵达交船港的日期通知承租人的，承租人应当自接到通知时起四十八小时内，将解除合同或者继续租用船舶的决定通知出租人。

However, if the shipowner has notified the charterer of the anticipated delay in delivery and has given an estimated time of arrival of the ship at the port of delivery, the charterer shall notify the shipowner, within 48 hours of the receipt of such notice from the shipowner, of his decision whether to cancel the charter or not.

因出租人过失延误提供船舶致使承租人遭受损失的，出租人应当负赔偿责任。

The shipowner shall be liable for the charterer's loss resulting from the delay in delivery of the ship due to the shipowner's fault.

第一百三十二条  出租人交付船舶时，应当做到谨慎处理，使船舶适航。

Article 132 At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy.

交付的船舶应当适于约定的用途。

The ship delivered shall be fit for the intended service.

出租人违反前款规定的，承租人有权解除合同，并有权要求赔偿因此遭受的损失。

Where the shipowner acts against the provisions in the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

第一百三十三条  船舶在租期内不符合约定的适航状态或者其他状态，出租人应当采取可能采取的合理措施，使之尽快恢复。

Article 133 During the charter period, if the ship is found at variance with the seaworthiness or the other conditions agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall take all reasonable measures to have them restored as soon as possible.

船舶不符合约定的适航状态或者其他状态而不能正常营运连续满二十四小时的，对因此而损失的营运时间，承租人不付租金，但是上述状态是由承租人造成的除外。

Where the ship has not been operated normally for 24 consecutive hours due to its failure to maintain the seaworthiness or the other conditions as agreed upon, the charterer shall not pay the hire for the operating time so lost, unless such failure was caused by the charterer.

第一百三十四条  承租人应当保证船舶在约定航区内的安全港口或者地点之间从事约定的海上运输。

Article 134 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed in the agreed maritime transport between the safe ports or places within the trading area agreed upon.

承租人违反前款规定的，出租人有权解除合同，并有权要求赔偿因此遭受的损失。

If the charterer acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

第一百三十五条  承租人应当保证船舶用于运输约定的合法的货物。

Article 135 The charterer shall guarantee that the ship shall be employed to carry the lawful merchandise agreed.

承租人将船舶用于运输活动物或者危险货物的，应当事先征得出租人的同意。

Where the ship is to be employed by the charterer to carry live animals or dangerous goods, a prior consent of the shipowner is required.

承租人违反本条第一款或者第二款的规定致使出租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

The charterer shall be liable for any loss of the shipowner resulting from the charterer's violation of the provisions of paragraph 1 or paragraph 2 of this Article.

第一百三十六条  承租人有权就船舶的营运向船长发出指示，但是不得违反定期租船合同的约定。

Article 136 The charterer shall be entitled to give the Master instructions with respect to the operation of the ship. However, such instructions shall not be inconsistent with the stipulations of the time charter.

第一百三十七条  承租人可以将租用的船舶转租，但是应当将转租的情况及时通知出租人。

Article 137 The charterer may sublet the ship under charter, but he shall notify the shipowner of the sublet in time.

租用的船舶转租后，原租船合同约定的权利和义务不受影响。

 The rights and obligations agreed upon in the head charter shall not be affected by the sub-charter.

第一百三十八条  船舶所有人转让已经租出的船舶的所有权，定期租船合同约定的当事人的权利和义务不受影响，但是应当及时通知承租人。

Article 138 Where the ownership of the ship under charter has been transferred by the shipowner, the rights and obligations agreed upon under the original charter shall not be affected. However, the shipowner shall inform the charterer thereof in time.

船舶所有权让后，原租船合同由受让人和承租人继续履行。

After such transfer, the transferee and the charterer shall continue to perform the original charter.

第一百三十九条  在合同期间，船舶进行海难救助的，承租人有权获得扣除救助费用、损失赔偿、船员应得部分以及其他费用后的救助款项的一半。

Article 139 Should the ship be engaged in salvage operations during the charter period, the charterer shall be entitled to half of the amount of the payment for salvage operations after deducting therefrom the salvage expenses, compensation for damage, the portion due to crew members and other relevant costs.

第一百四十条  承租人应当按照合同约定支付租金。承租人未按照合同约定支付租金的，出租人有权解除合同，并有权要求赔偿因此遭受的损失。

Article 140 The charterer shall pay the hire as agreed upon in the charter. Where the charterer fails to pay the hire as agreed upon, the shipowner shall be entitled to cancel the charter party and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

第一百四十一条  承租人未向出租人支付租金或者合同约定的其他款项的，出租人对船上属于承租人的货物和财产以及转租船舶的收入有留置权。

Article 141 In case the charterer fails to pay the hire or other sums of money as agreed upon in the charter, the shipowner shall have a lien on the charterer's goods, other property on board and earnings from the sub-charter.

第一百四十二条  承租人向出租人交还船舶时，该船舶应当具有与出租人交船时相同的良好状态，但是船舶本身的自然磨损除外。

Article 142 When the charterer redelivers the ship to the shipowner, the ship shall be in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, fair wear and tear excepted.

船舶未能保持与交船时相同的良好状态的，承租人应当负责修复或者给予赔偿。

Where, upon redelivery, the ship fails to remain in the same good order and condition as it was at the time of delivery, the charterer shall be responsible for rehabilitation or for compensation.

第一百四十三条  经合理计算，完成最后航次的日期约为合同约定的还船日期，但可能超过合同约定的还船日期的，承租人有权超期用船以完成该航次。

Article 143 If, on the basis of a reasonable calculation, a ship may be able to complete its last voyage at around the time of redelivery specified in the charter and probably thereafter, the charterer is entitled to continue to use the ship in order to complete that voyage even if its time of redelivery will be overdue.

期期间，承租人应当按照合同约定的租金率支付租金；市场的租金率高于合同约定的租金率的，承租人应当按照市场租金率支付租金。

During the extended period, the charterer shall pay the hire at the rate fixed by the charter, and, if the current market rate of hire is higher than that specified in the charter, the charterer shall pay the hire at the current market rate.

第三节  光船租赁合同

Section 3 Bareboat Charter Party

第一百四十四条  光船租赁合同，是指船舶出租人向承租人提供不配备船员的船舶，在约定的期间内由承租人占有、使用和营运，并向出租人支付租金的同。

Article 144 A bareboat charter party is a charter party under which the shipowner provides the charterer with an unmanned ship which the charterer shall possess, employ and operate within an agreed period and for which the charterer shall pay the shipowner the hire.

第一百四十五条  光船租赁合同的内容，主要包括出租人和承租人的名称、船名、船籍、船级、吨位、容积、航区、用途、租船期间、交船和还船的时间地点以及条件、船舶检验、船舶的保养维修、租金及其支付、船舶保险、合同解除的时间和条件，以及其他有关事项。

Article 145 A bareboat charter party mainly contains the name of the shipowner and the name of the charterer; the name, nationality, class, tonnage and capacity of the ship; the trading area, the employment of the ship and the charter period; the time, place and condition of delivery and redelivery; the survey, maintenance and repair of the ship; the hire and its payment; the insurance of the ship; the time and condition for the termination of the charter and other relevant matters.

第一百四十六条  出租人应当在合同约定的港口或者地点，按照合同约定的时间，向承租人交付船舶以及船舶证书。

Article 146 The shipowner shall deliver the ship and its certificates to the charterer at the port or place and time as stipulated in the charter party.

交船时，出租人应当做到谨慎处理，船舶适航。

At the time of delivery, the shipowner shall exercise due diligence to make the ship seaworthy.

交付的船舶应当适于合同约定的用途。

The ship delivered shall be fit for the agreed service.

出租人违反前款规定的，承租人有权解除合同，并有权要求赔偿因此遭受的损失。

Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the charterer shall be entitled to cancel the charter and claim any losses resulting therefrom.

第一百四十七条  在光船租赁期间，承租人负责船舶的保养、维修。

Article 147 The charterer shall be responsible for the maintenance and repair of the ship during the bareboat charter period.

第一百四十八条  在光船租赁期间，承租人应当按照合同约定的船舶价值，以出租人同意的保险方式为船舶进行保险，并负担保险费用。

Article 148 During the bareboat charter period, the ship shall be insured, at the value agreed upon in the charter and in the way consented to by the shipowner, by the charterer at his expense.

第一百四十九条  在光船租赁期间，因承租人对船舶占有、使用和营运的原因使出租人的利益受到影响或者遭受损失的，承租人应当负责消除影响或者赔损失。

Article 149 During the bareboat charter period, if the charterer's possession, employment or operation of the ship has affected the interests of the shipowner or caused any losses thereto, the charterer shall be liable for eliminating the harmful effect or compensating for the losses.

因船舶所有权争议或者出租人所负的债务致使船舶被扣押的，出租人应当保证承租人的利益不受影响；致使承租人遭受损失的，出租人应当负赔偿责任。

Should the ship be arrested due to any disputes over its ownership or debts owed by the shipowner, the shipowner shall guarantee that the interest of the charterer is not affected. The shipowner shall be liable for compensation for any losses suffered by the charterer thereby.

第一百五十条  在光船租赁期间，未经出租人书面同意，承租人不得转让合同的权利和义务或者以光船租赁的方式将船舶进行转租。

Article 150 During the bareboat charter period, the charterer shall not assign the rights and obligations stipulated in the charter or sublet the ship under bareboat charter without the shipowner's consent in writing.

第一百五十一条  未经承租人事先书面同意，出租人不得在光船租赁期间对船舶设定抵押权。

Article 151 The shipowner shall not establish any mortgage of the ship during the bareboat charter period without the prior consent in writing by the charterer.

出租人违反前款规定，致使承租人遭受损失的，应当负赔偿责任。

Where the shipowner acts against the provisions of the preceding paragraph and thereby causes losses to the charterer, the shipowner shall be liable for compensation.

第一百五十二条  承租人应当按照合同约定支付租金。承租人未按照合同约定的时间支付租金连续超过七日的，出租人有权解除合同，并有权要求赔偿因遭受的损失。

Article 152 The charterer shall pay the hire as stipulated in the charter. In default of payment by the charterer for seven consecutive days or more after the time as agreed in the charter for such payment, the shipowner is entitled to cancel the charter without prejudice to any claim for the loss arising from the charterer's default.

船舶发生灭失或者失踪的，租金应当自船舶灭失或者得知其最后消息之日起停止支付，预付租金应当按照比例退还。

Should the ship be lost or missing, payment of hire shall cease from the day when the ship was lost or last heard of. Any hire paid in advance shall be refunded in proportion.

第一百五十三条  本法第一百三十四条、第一百三十五条第一款、第一百四十二条和第一百四十三条的规定，适用于光船租赁合同。

Article 153 The provisions of Article 134, paragraph 1 of Article 135, Article 142 and Article 143 of this Code shall be applicable to bareboat charter parties.

第一百五十四条  订有租购条款的光船租赁合同，承租人按照合同约定向出租人付清租购费时，船舶所有权即归于承租人。

Article 154 The ownership of a ship under bareboat charter containing a leasepurchase clause shall be transferred to the charterer when the charterer has paid off the leasepurchase price to the shipowner as stipulated in the charter.

第七章  海上拖航合同

>Chapter VII Contract of Sea Towage

第一百五十五条  海上拖航合同，是指承拖方用拖轮将被拖物经海路从一地拖至另一地，而由被拖方支付拖航费的合同。

Article 155 A contract of sea towage is a contract whereby the tugowner undertakes to tow an object by sea with a tug from one place to another and the tow party pays the towage.

本章规定不适用于在港区内对船舶提供的拖轮服务。

The provisions of this Chapter shall not be applicable to the towage service rendered to ships within the port area.

第一百五十六条  海上拖航合同应当书面订立。海上拖航合同的内容，主要包括承拖方和被拖方的名称和住所、拖轮和被拖物的名称和主要尺度、拖轮马、起拖地和目的地、起拖日期、拖航费及其支付方式，以及其他有关事项。

Article 156 A contract of sea towage shall be made in writing. Its contents shall mainly include name and address of the tugowner, name and address of the tow party, name and main particulars of the tug and name and main particulars of the object to be towed, horse power of the tug, place of commencement of the towage and the destination, the date of commencement of the towage, towage price and the way of payment thereof, as well as other relevant matters.

第一百五十七条  承拖方在起拖前和起拖当时，应当谨慎处理，使拖轮处于适航、适拖状态，妥善配备船员，配置拖航索具和配备供应品以及该航次必备其他装置、设备。

Article 157 The tugowner shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, exercise due diligence to make the tug seaworthy and towworthy and to properly man the tug and equip it with gears and tow lines and to provide all other necessary supplies and appliances for the intended voyage.

被拖方在起拖前和起拖当时，应当做好被拖物的拖航准备，谨慎处埋，使被拖物处于适拖状态，并向承拖方如实说明被拖物的情况，提供有关检验机构签发的被拖物适合拖航的证书和有关文件。

The tow party shall, before and at the beginning of the towage, make all necessary preparations therefor and shall exercise due diligence to make the object to be towed towworthy and shall give a true account of the object to be towed and provide the certificate of towworthiness and other documents issued by the relevant survey and inspection organizations.

第一百五十八条  起拖前，因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使合同不能履行的，双方均可以解除合同，并互相不负赔偿责任。除合同另有约外，拖航费已经支付的，承拖方应当退还给被拖方。

Article 158 If before the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the contract and neither shall be liable to the other. In such event, the towage price that had already been paid shall be returned to the tow party by the tugowner, unless otherwise agreed upon in the towage contract.

第一百五十九条  起拖后，因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使合同不能继续履行的，双方均可以解除合同，并互相不负赔偿责任。

Article 159 If after the commencement of the towage service, due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, the towage contract could not be performed, either party may cancel the towage contract and neither shall be liable to the other.

第一百六十条  因不可抗力或者其他不能归责于双方的原因致使被拖物不能拖至目的地的，除合同另有约定外，承拖方可以在目的地的邻近地点或者拖轮长选定的安全的港口或者锚泊地，将被拖物移交给被拖方或者其代理人，视为已经履行合同。

Article 160 Where the object towed could not reach its destination due to force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party, unless the towage contract provides otherwise, the tugowner may deliver the object towed to the tow party or its agent at a place near the destination or at a safe port or an anchorage chosen by the Master of the tug, and the contract of towage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled.

第一百六十一条  被拖方未按照约定支付拖航费和其他合理费用的，承拖方对被拖物有留置权。

Article 161 Where the tow party fails to pay the towage price or other reasonable expenses as agreed, the tugowner shall have a lien on the object towed.

第一百六十二条  在海上拖航过程中，承拖方或者被拖方遭受的损失，由一方的过失造成的，有过失的一方应当负赔偿责任；

Article 162 In the course of the sea towage, if the damage suffered by the tugowner or the tow party was caused by the fault of one of the parties, the party in fault shall be liable for compensation.

由双方过失造成的，各方按过失程度的比例负赔偿责任。

If the damage was caused by the faults of both parties, both parties shall be liable for compensation in proportion to the extent of their respective faults.

虽有前款规定，经承拖方证明，被拖方的损失是由于下列原因之一造成的，承拖方不负赔偿责任；

Notwithstanding the provisions of the preceding paragraph, the tugowner shall not be liable if he proves that the damage suffered by the tow party is due to one of the following causes:

（一）拖轮船长、船员、引航员或者承拖方的其他受雇人、代理人在驾驶拖轮或者管理拖轮中的过失；

(1) Fault of the Master or other crew members of the tug or the pilot or other servants or agents of the tugowner in the navigation and management of the tug:

（二）拖轮在海上救助或者企图救助人命或者财产时的过失。

(2) Fault of the tug in saving or attempting to save life or property at sea.

本条规定仅在海上拖航合同没有约定或者没有不同约定时适用。

The provisions of this Article shall only apply if and when there are no provisions or no different provisions in this regard in the sea towage contract.

第一百六十三条  在海上拖航过程中，由于承拖方或者被拖方的过失，造成第三人人身伤亡或者财产损失的，承拖方和被拖方对第三人负连带赔偿责任。

Article 163 If death of or personal injury to a third party or damage to property thereof has occurred during the sea towage due to the fault of the tugowner or the tow party, the tugowner and the tow party shall be liable jointly and severally to that third party.

合同另有约定外，一方连带支付的赔偿超过其应当承担的比例的，对另一方有追偿权。

Except as otherwise provided for in the towage contract, the party that has jointly and severally paid a compensation in an amount exceeding the proportion for which it is liable shall have the right of recourse against the other party.

第一百六十四条  拖轮所有人拖带其所有的或者经营的驳船载运货物，经海路由一港运至另一港的，视为海上货物运输。

Article 164 Where a tugowner towing a barge owned or operated by him to transport goods by sea from one port to another, it shall be deemed as an act of carriage of goods by sea.

第八章  船舶碰撞

Chapter VIII Collision of Ships

第一百六十五条  船舶碰撞，是指船舶在海上或者与海相通的可航水域发生接触造成损害的事故。

Article 165 Collision of ships means an accident arising from the touching of ships at sea or in other navigable waters adjacent thereto.

前款所称船舶，包括与本法第三条所指船舶碰撞的任何其他非用于军事的或者政府公务的船艇。

Ships referred to in the preceding paragraph shall include those nonmilitary or public service ships or craft that collide with the ships mentioned in Article 3 of this Code.

第一百六十六条  船舶发生碰撞，当事船舶的船长在不严重危及本船和船上人员安全的情况下，对于相碰的船舶和船上人员必须尽力施救。

Article 166 After a collision, the Master of each of the ships in collision is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board to render assistance to the other ship and persons on board.

碰撞船舶的船长应当尽可能将其船舶名称、船籍港、出发港和目的港通知对方。

The Master of each of the ships in collision is likewise bound so far as possible to make known to the other ship the name of his ship, its port of registry, port of departure and port of destination.

第一百六十七条  船舶发生碰撞，是由于不可抗力或者其他不能归责于任何一方的原因或者无法查明的原因造成的，碰撞各方互相不负赔偿责任。

Article 167 Neither of the parties shall be liable to the other if the collision is caused by force majeure or other causes not attributable to the fault of either party or if the cause thereof is left in doubt.

第一百六十八条  船舶发生碰撞，是由于一船的过失造成的，由有过失的船舶负赔偿责任。

Article 168 If the collision is caused by the fault of one of the ships, the one in fault shall be liable therefor.

第一百六十九条  船舶发生碰撞，碰撞的船舶互有过失的，各船按照过失程度的比例负赔偿责任；过失程度相当或者过失程度的比例无法判定的，平均负偿责任。

Article 169 If the colliding ships are all in fault, each ship shall be liable in proportion to the extent of its fault; if the respective faults are equal in proportion or it is impossible to determine the extent of the proportion of the respective faults, the liability of the colliding ships shall be apportioned equally.

互有过失的船舶，对碰撞造成的船舶以及船上货物和其他财产的损失，依照前款规定的比例负赔偿责任。

The ships in fault shall be liable for the damage to the ship, the goods and other property on board pursuant to the proportions prescribed in the preceding paragraph.

碰撞造成第三人财产损失的，各船的赔偿责任均不超过其应当承担的比例。

 Where damage is caused to the property of a third party, the liability for compensation of any of the colliding ships shall not exceed the proportion it shall bear.

互有过失的船舶，对造成的第三人的人身伤亡，负连带赔偿责任。

If the ships in fault have caused loss of life or personal injury to a third party, they shall be jointly and severally liable therefor.

一船连带支付的赔偿超过本条第一款规定的比例的，有权向其他有过失的船舶追偿。

If a ship has paid an amount of compensation in excess of the proportion prescribed in paragraph 1 of this Article, it shall have the right of recourse against the other ship(s) in fault.

第一百七十条  船舶因操纵不当或者不遵守航行规章，虽然实际上没有同其他船舶发生碰撞，但是使其他船舶以及船上的人员、货物或者其他财产遭受损的，适用本章的规定。

Article 170 Where a ship has caused damage to another ship and persons, goods or other property on board that ship, either by the execution or nonexecution of a manoeuvre or by the nonobservance of navigation regulations, even if no collision has actually occurred, the provisions of this Chapter shall apply.

第九章  海难救助

Chapter IX Salvage at Sea

第一百七十一条  本章规定适用于在海上或者与海相通的可航水域，对遇险的船舶和其他财产进行的救助。

Article 171 The provisions of this Chapter shall apply to salvage operations rendered at sea or any other navigable waters adjacent thereto to ships and other property in distress.

第一百七十二条  本章下列用语的含义：

Article 172 For the purposes of this Chapter:

（一）“船舶”，是指本法第三条所称的船舶和与其发生救助关系的任何其他非用于军事的或者政府公务的船艇。

(1) "Ship" means any ship referred to in Article 3 of this Code and any other non-military, public service ship or craft that has been involved in a salvage operation therewith;

（二）“财产”，是指非永久地和非有意地依附于岸线的任何财产，包括有风险的运费。

(2) "Property" means any property not permanently and intentionally attached to the shoreline and includes freight at risk.

（三）“救助款项”，是指依照本章规定，被救助方应当向救助方支付的任何救助报酬、酬金或者补偿。

(3) "Payment" means any reward, remuneration or compensation for salvage operations to be paid by the salved party to the salvor pursuant to the provisions of this Chapter.

第一百七十三条  本章规定，不适用于海上已经就位的从事海底矿物资源的勘探、开发或者生产的固定式、浮动式平台和移动式近海钻井装置。

Article 173 The provisions of this Chapter shall not apply to fixed or floating platforms or mobile offshore drilling units when such platforms or units are on location engaged in the exploration, exploitation or production of sea-bed mineral resources.

第一百七十四条  船长在不严重危及本船和船上人员安全的情况下，有义务尽力救助海上人命。

Article 174 Every Master is bound, so far as he can do so without serious danger to his ship and persons on board, to render assistance to any person in danger of being lost at sea.

第一百七十五条  救助方与被救助方就海难救助达成协议，救助合同成立。

Article 175 A contract for salvage operations at sea is concluded when an agreement has been reached between the salvor and the salved party regarding the salvage operations to be undertaken.

遇险船舶的船长有权代表船舶所有人订立救助合同。

The Master of the ship in distress shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the shipowner.

遇险船舶的船长或者船舶所有人有权代表船上财产所有人订立救助合同。

The Master of the ship in distress or its owner shall have the authority to conclude a contract for salvage operations on behalf of the owner of the property on board.

第一百七十六条  有下列情形之一，经一方当事人起诉或者双方当事人协议仲裁的，受理争议的法院或者仲裁机构可以判决或者裁决变更救助合同：

Article 176 The salvage contract may be modified by a judgment of the court which has entertained the suit brought by either party, or modified by an award of the arbitration organization to which the dispute has been submitted for arbitration upon the agreement of the parties, under any of the following circumstances:

（一）合同在不正当的或者危险情况的影响下订立，合同条款显失公平的；

(1) The contract has been entered into under undue influence or the influence of danger and its terms are obviously inequitable;

（二）根据合同支付的救助款项明显过高或者过低于实际提供的救助服务的。

(2) The payment under the contract is in an excessive degree too large or too small for the services actually rendered.

第一百七十七条  在救助作业过程中，救助方对被救助方负有下列义务：

Article 177 During the salvage operation, the salvor shall owe a duty to the salved party to:

（一）以应有的谨慎进行救助；

(1) Carry out the salvage operation with due care;

（二）以应有的谨慎防止或者减少环境污染损害；

(2) Exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;

（三）在合理需要的情况下，寻求其他救助方援助；

(3) Seek the assistance of other salvors where reasonably necessary;

（四）当被救助方合理地要求其他救助方参与救助作业时，接受此种要求，但是要求不合理的，原救助方的救助报酬金额不受影响。

(4) Accept the reasonable request of the salved party to seek the participation in the salvage operation of other salvors. However, if the request is not wellfounded, the amount of payment due to the original salvor shall not be affected.

第一百七十八条  在救助作业过程中，被救助方对救助方负有下列义务：

Article 178 During the salvage operation, the party salved is under an obligation to the salvor to:

（一）与救助方通力合作；

(1) Cooperate fully with the salvor;

（二）以应有的谨慎防止或者减少环境污染损害；

(2) Exercise due care to prevent or minimize the pollution damage to the environment;

（三）当获救的船舶或者其他财产已经被送至安全地点时，及时接受救助方提出的合理的移交要求。

(3) Promptly accept the request of the salvor to take delivery of the ship or property salved when such ship or property has been brought to a place of safety.

第一百七十九条  救助方对遇险的船舶和其他财产的救助，取得效果的，有权获得救助报酬；

Article 179 Where the salvage operations rendered to the distressed ship and other property have had a useful result, the salvor shall be entitled to a reward.

救助未取得效果的，除本法第一百八十二条或者其他法律另规定或者合同另有约定外，无权获得救助款项。

Except as otherwise provided for by Article 182 of this Code or by other laws or the salvage contract, the salvor shall not be entitled to the payment if the salvage operations have had no useful result.

第一百八十条  确定救助报酬，应当体现对救助作业的鼓励，并综合考虑下列各项因素：

Article 180 The reward shall be fixed with a view to encouraging salvage operations, taking into full account the following criteria:

（一）船舶和其他财产的获救的价值；

(1) Value of the ship and other property salved;

（二）救助方在防止或者减少环境污染损害方面的技能和努力；

(2) Skill and efforts of the salvors in preventing or minimizing the pollution damage to the environment;

（三）救助方的救助成效；

(3) Measure of success obtained by the salvors;

（四）危险的性质和程度；

(4) Nature and extent of the danger;

（五）救助方在救助船舶、其他财产和人命方面的技能和努力；

(5) Skill and efforts of the salvors in salving the ship, other property and life;

（六）救助方所用的时间、支出的费用和遭受的损失；

(6) Time used and expenses and losses incurred by the salvors;

（七）救助方或者救助设备所冒的责任风险和其他风险；

(7) Risk of liability and other risks run by the salvors or their equipment;

（八）救助方提供救助服务的及时性；

(8) Promptness of the salvage services rendered by the salvors;

（九）用于救助作业的船舶和其他设备的可用性和使用情况；

(9) Availability and use of ships or other equipment intended for salvage operations;

（十）救助设备的备用状况、效能和设备的价值。

(10) State of readiness and efficiency of the salvors' equipment and the value thereof.

救助报酬不得超过船舶和其他财产的获救价值。

The reward shall not exceed the value of the ship and other property salved.