中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法

THE BASIC LAW OF THE HONG KONG SPECIAL ADMINISTRATIVE REGION OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

序 言

Preamble

香港自古以来就是中国的领土，一八四零年鸦片战争以后被英国占领。

Hong Kong has been part of the territory of China since ancient times; it was occupied by Britain after the Opium War in 1840.

一九八四年十二月十九日，中英两国政府签署了关于香港问题的联合声明，确认中华人民共和国政府于一九九七年七月一日恢复对香港行使主权，从而实现了长期以来中国人民收回香港的共同愿望。

On 19 December 1984, the Chinese and British Governments signed the Joint Declaration on the Question of Hong Kong, affirming that the Government of the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong with effect from 1 July 1997, thus fulfilling the long-cherished common aspiration of the Chinese people for the recovery of Hong Kong.

为了维护国家的统一和领土完整，保持香港的繁荣和稳定，并考虑到香港的历史和现实情况，国家决定，在对香港恢复行使主权时，根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条的规定，设立香港特别行政区，并按照“一个国家，两种制度”的方针，不在香港实行社会主义的制度和政策。国家对香港的基本方针政策，已由中国政府在中英联合声明中予以阐明。

Upholding national unity and territorial integrity, maintaining the prosperity and stability of Hong Kong, and taking account of its history and realities, the People's Republic of China has decided that upon China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Hong Kong, a Hong Kong Special Administrative Region will be established in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and that under the principle of "one country, two systems," the socialist system and policies will not be practised in Hong Kong. The basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong have been elaborated by the Chinese Government in the Sino-British Joint Declaration.

根据中华人民共和国宪法，全国人民代表大会特制定中华人民共和国香港特别行政区基本法，规定香港特别行政区实行的制度，以保障国家对香港的基本方针政策的实施。

In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress hereby enacts the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, prescribing the systems to be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, in order to ensure the implementation of the basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Hong Kong.

第一章 总 则

Chapter I General Principles

第一条 香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。

Article 1 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the people's Republic of China.

第二条 全国人民代表大会授权香港特别行政区依照本法的规定实行高度自治，享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。

Article 2 The National People's Congress authorizes the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy and enjoy executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第三条 香港特别行政区的行政机关和立法机关由香港永久性居民依照本法有关规定组成。

Article 3 The executive authorities and legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Hong Kong in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第四条 香港特别行政区依法保障香港特别行政区居民和其他人的权利和自由。

Article 4 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the rights and freedoms of the residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and of other persons in the Region in accordance with law.

第五条 香港特别行政区不实行社会主义制度和政策，保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式，五十年不变。

Article 5 The socialist system and policies shall not be practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, and the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years.

第六条 香港特别行政区依法保护私有财产权。

Article 6 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law.

第七条 香港特别行政区境内的土地和自然资源属于国家所有，由香港特别行政区政府负责管理、使用、开发、出租或批给个人、法人或团体使用或开发，其收入全归香港特别行政区政府支配。

Article 7 The land and natural resources within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be State property. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for their management, use and development and for their lease or grant to individuals, legal persons or organizations for use or development. The revenues derived therefrom shall be exclusively at the disposal of the government of the Region.

第八条 香港原有法律，即普通法、衡平法、条例、附属立法和习惯法，除同本法相抵触或经香港特别行政区的立法机关作出修改者外，予以保留。

Article 8 The laws previously in force in Hong Kong, that is, the common law, rules of equity, ordinances, subordinate legislation and customary law shall be maintained, except for any that contravene this Law, and subject to any amendment by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第九条 香港特别行政区的行政机关、立法机关和司法机关，除使用中文外，还可使用英文，英文也是正式语文。

Article 9 In addition to the Chinese language, English may also be used as an official language by the executive authorities, legislature and judiciary of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第十条 香港特别行政区除悬挂中华人民共和国国旗和国徽外，还可使用香港特别行政区区旗和区徽。

Article 10 Apart from displaying the national flag and national emblem of the People's Republic of China, the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may also use a regional flag and regional emblem.

香港特别行政区的区旗是五星花蕊的紫荆花红旗。

The regional flag of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a red flag with a bauhinia highlighted by five star-tipped stamens.

香港特别行政区的区徽，中间是五星花蕊的紫荆花，周围写有“中华人民共和国香港特别行政区”和英文“香港”。

The regional emblem of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is a bauhinia in the centre highlighted by five star-tipped stamens and encircled by the words "Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China" in Chinese and "HONG KONG" in English.

第十一条 根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条，香港特别行政区的制度和政策，包括社会、经济制度，有关保障居民的基本权利和自由的制度，行政管理、立法和司法方面的制度，以及有关政策，均以本法的规定为依据。

Article 11 In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the systems and policies practised in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, including the social and economic systems, the system for safeguarding the fundamental rights and freedoms of its residents, the executive, legislative and judicial systems, and the relevant policies, shall be based on the provisions of this Law.

香港特别行政区立法机关制定的任何法律，均不得同本法相抵触。

No law enacted by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall contravene this Law.

第二章 中央和香港特别行政区的关系

Chapter II Relationship Between the Central Authorities and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region

第十二条 香港特别行政区是中华人民共和国的一个享有高度自治权的地方行政区域，直辖于中央人民政府。

Article 12 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a local administrative region of the People's Republic of China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy and come directly under the Central People's Government.

第十三条 中央人民政府负责管理与香港特别行政区有关的外交事务。

Article 13 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the foreign affairs relating to the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

中华人民共和国外交部在香港设立机构处理外交事务。

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall establish an office in Hong Kong to deal with foreign affairs.

中央人民政府授权香港特别行政区依照本法自行处理有关的对外事务。

The Central People's Government authorizes the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region to conduct relevant external affairs on its own in accordance with this Law.

第十四条 中央人民政府负责管理香港特别行政区的防务。

Article 14 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the defence of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

香港特别行政区政府负责维持香港特别行政区的社会治安。

The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order in the Region.

中央人民政府派驻香港特别行政区负责防务的军队不干预香港特别行政区的地方事务。香港特别行政区政府在必要时，可向中央人民政府请求驻军协助维持社会治安和救助灾害。

Military forces stationed by the Central People's Government in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region for defence shall not interfere in the local affairs of the Region. The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may, when necessary, ask the Central People's Government for assistance from the garrison in the maintenance of public order and in disaster relief.

驻军人员除须遵守全国性的法律外，还须遵守香港特别行政区的法律。

In addition to abiding by national laws, members of the garrison shall abide by the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

驻军费用由中央人民政府负担。

Expenditure for the garrison shall be borne by the Central People's Government.

第十五条 中央人民政府依照本法第四章的规定任命香港特别行政区行政长官和行政机关的主要官员。

Article 15 The Central People's Government shall appoint the Chief Executive and the principal officials of the executive authorities of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of Chapter IV of this Law.

第十六条 香港特别行政区享有行政管理权，依照本法的有关规定自行处理香港特别行政区的行政事务。

Article 16 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with executive power. It shall, on its own, conduct the administrative affairs of the Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law.

第十七条 香港特别行政区享有立法权。

Article 17 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with legislative power.

香港特别行政区的立法机关制定的法律须报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。备案不影响该法律的生效。

Laws enacted by the legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record. The reporting for record shall not affect the entry into force of such laws.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的香港特别行政区基本法委员会后，如认为香港特别行政区立法机关制定的任何法律不符合本法关于中央管理的事务及中央和香港特别行政区的关系的条款，可将有关法律发回，但不作修改。

 If the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, after consulting the Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region under it, considers that any law enacted by the legislature of the Region is not in conformity with the provisions of this Law regarding affairs within the responsibility of the Central Authorities or regarding the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, the Standing Committee may return the law in question but shall not amend it.

经全国人民代表大会常务委员会发回的法律立即失效。该法律的失效，除香港特别行政区的法律另有规定外，无溯及力。

Any law returned by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall immediately be invalidated. This invalidation shall not have retroactive effect, unless otherwise provided for in the laws of the Region.

第十八条 在香港特别行政区实行的法律为本法以及本法第八条规定的香港原有法律和香港特别行政区立法机关制定的法律。

Article 18 The laws in force in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be this Law, the laws previously in force in Hong Kong as provided for in Article 8 of this Law, and the laws enacted by the legislature of the Region.

全国性法律除列于本法附件三者外，不在香港特别行政区实施。凡列于本法附件三之法律，由香港特别行政区在当地公布或立法实施。

National laws shall not be applied in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region except for those listed in Annex III to this Law. The laws listed therein shall be applied locally by way of promulgation or legislation by the Region.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的香港特别行政区基本法委员会和香港特别行政区政府的意见后，可对列于本法附件三的法律作出增减，任何列入附件三的法律，限于有关国防、外交和其他按本法规定不属于香港特别行政区自治范围的法律。

The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress may add to or delete from the list of laws in Annex III after consulting its Committee for the Basic Law of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the government of the Region. Laws listed in Annex III to this Law shall be confined to those relating to defence and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of the Region as specified by this Law.

全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定宣布战争状态或因香港特别行政区内发生香港特别行政区政府不能控制的危及国家统一或安全的动乱而决定香港特别行政区进入紧急状态，中央人民政府可发布命令将有关全国性法律在香港特别行政区实施。

In the event that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the government of the Region, decides that the Region is in a state of emergency, the Central People's Government may issue an order applying the relevant national laws in the Region.

第十九条 香港特别行政区享有独立的司法权和终审权。

Article 19 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be vested with independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication.

香港特别行政区法院除继续保持香港原有法律制度和原则对法院审判权所作的限制外，对香港特别行政区所有的案件均有审判权。

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have jurisdiction over all cases in the Region, except that the restrictions on their jurisdiction imposed by the legal system and principles previously in force in Hong Kong shall be maintained.

香港特别行政区法院对国防、外交等国家行为无管辖权。香港特别行政区法院在审理案件中遇有涉及国防、外交等国家行为的事实问题，应取得行政长官就该等问题发出的证明文件，上述文件对法院有约束力。行政长官在发出证明文件前，须取得中央人民政府的证明书。

The courts of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have no jurisdiction over acts of state such as defence and foreign affairs. The courts of the Region shall obtain a certificate from the Chief Executive on questions of fact concerning acts of state such as defence and foreign affairs whenever such questions arise in the adjudication of cases. This certificate shall be binding on the courts. Before issuing such a certificate, the Chief Executive shall obtain a certifying document from the Central People's Government.

第二十条 香港特别行政区可享有全国人民代表大会和全国人民代表大会常务委员会及中央人民政府授予的其他权力。

Article 20 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may enjoy other powers granted to it by the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the Central People's Government.

第二十一条 香港特别行政区居民中的中国公民依法参与国家事务的管理。

Article 21 Chinese citizens who are residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be entitled to participate in the management of state affairs according to law.

根据全国人民代表大会确定的名额和代表产生办法，由香港特别行政区居民中的中国公民在香港选出香港特别行政区的全国人民代表大会代表，参加最高国家权力机关的工作。

In accordance with the assigned number of seats and the selection method specified by the National People's Congress, the Chinese citizens among the residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall locally elect deputies of the Region to the National People's Congress to participate in the work of the highest organ of state power.

第二十二条 中央人民政府所属各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市均不得干预香港特别行政区根据本法自行管理的事务。

Article 22 No department of the Central People's Government and no province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may interfere in the affairs which the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region administers on its own in accordance with this Law.

中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市如需在香港特别行政区设立机构，须征得香港特别行政区政府同意并经中央人民政府批准。

If there is a need for departments of the Central Government, or for provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government to set up offices in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, they must obtain the consent of the government of the Region and the approval of the Central People's Government.

中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市在香港特别行政区设立的一切机构及其人员均须遵守香港特别行政区的法律。

All offices set up in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region by departments of the Central Government, or by provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the personnel of these offices shall abide by the laws of the Region.

中国其他地区的人进入香港特别行政区须办理批准手续，其中进入香港特别行政区定居的人数由中央人民政府主管部门征求香港特别行政区政府的意见后确定。

For entry into the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, people from other parts of China must apply for approval. Among them, the number of persons who enter the Region for the purpose of settlement shall be determined by the competent authorities of the Central People's Government after consulting the government of the Region.

香港特别行政区可在北京设立办事机构。

The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may establish an office in Beijing.

第二十三条 香港特别行政区应自行立法禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱、颠覆中央人民政府及窃取国家机密的行为，禁止外国的政治性组织或团体在香港特别行政区进行政治活动，禁止香港特别行政区的政治性组织或团体与外国的政治性组织或团体建立联系。

Article 23 The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the Region, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the Region from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies.

第三章 居民的基本权利和义务

Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents

第二十四条 香港特别行政区居民，简称香港居民，包括永久居民和非永久性民民。

Article 24 Residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region ("Hong Kong residents") shall include permanent residents and non-permanent residents.

香港特别行政区永久性居民为：

The permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be:

（一）在香港特别行政区成立以前或以后在香港出生的中国公民；

(1) Chinese citizens born in Hong Kong before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

（二）在香港特别行政区成立以前或以后在香港通常居住连续七年以上的中国公民；

(2) Chinese citizens who have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than seven years before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

（三）第（一）、（二）两项所列居民在香港以外所生的中国籍子女；

(3) Persons of Chinese nationality born outside Hong Kong of those residents listed in categories (1) and (2);

（四）在香港特别行政区成立以前或以后持有效旅行证件进入香港、在香港通常居住连续七年以上并以香港为永久居住地的非中国籍的人；

(4) Persons not of Chinese nationality who have entered Hong Kong with valid travel documents, have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than seven years and have taken Hong Kong as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

（五）在香港特别行政区成立以前或以后第（四）项所列居民在香港所生的未满二十一周岁的子女；

(5) Persons under 21 years of age born in Hong Kong of those residents listed in category (4) before or after the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

（六）第（一）至（五）项所列居民以外在香港特别行政区成立以前只在香港有居留权的人。

and (6) Persons other than those residents listed in categories (1) to (5), who, before the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, had the right of abode in Hong Kong only.

以上居民在香港特别行政区享有居留权和有资格依照香港特别行政区法律取得载明其居留权的永久性居民身份证。

The above-mentioned residents shall have the right of abode in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and shall be qualified to obtain, in accordance with the laws of the Region, permanent identity cards which state their right of abode.

香港特别行政区非永久性居民为：有资格依照香港特别行政区法律取得香港居民身份证，但没有居留权的人。

The non-permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be persons who are qualified to obtain Hong Kong identity cards in accordance with the laws of the Region but have no right of abode.

第二十五条 香港居民在法律面前一律平等。

Article 25 All Hong Kong residents shall be equal before the law.

第二十六条 香港特别行政区永久性居民依法享有选举权和被选举权。

Article 26 Permanent residents of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall have the right to vote and the right to stand for election in accordance with law.

第二十七条 香港居民享有言论、新闻、出版的自由，结社、集会、游行、示威的自由，组织和参加工会、罢工的权利和自由。

Article 27 Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of speech, of the press and of publication; freedom of association, of assembly, of procession and of demonstration;and the right and freedom to form and join trade unions, and to strike.

第二十八条 香港居民的人身自由不受侵犯。

Article 28 The freedom of the person of Hong Kong residents shall be inviolable.

香港居民不受任意或非法逮捕、拘留、监禁。禁止任意或非法搜查居民的身体、剥夺或限制居民的人身自由。禁止对居民施行酷行、任意或非法剥夺居民的生命。

No Hong Kong resident shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful arrest, detention or imprisonment. Arbitrary or unlawful search of the body of any resident or deprivation or restriction of the freedom of the person shall be prohibited. Torture of any resident or arbitrary or unlawful deprivation of the life of any resident shall be prohibited.

第二十九条 香港居民的住宅和其他房屋不受侵犯。

Article 29 The homes and other premises of Hong Kong residents shall be inviolable.

禁止任意或非法搜查、侵入居民的住宅和其他房屋。

Arbitrary or unlawful search of, or intrusion into, a resident's home or other premises shall be prohibited.

第三十条 香港居民的通讯自由和通讯秘密受法律的保护。除因公共安全和追查刑事犯罪的需要，由有关机关依照法律程序对通讯进行检查外，任何部门或个人不得以任何理由侵犯居民的通讯自由和通讯秘密。

Article 30 The freedom and privacy of communication of Hong Kong residents shall be protected by law. No department or individual may, on any grounds, infringe upon the freedom and privacy of communication of residents except that the relevant authorities may inspect communication in accordance with legal procedures to meet the needs of public security or of investigation into criminal offences.

第三十一条 香港居民有在香港特别行政区境内迁徙的自由，有移居其他国家和地区的自由。香港居民有旅行和出入境的自由。有效旅行证件的持有人，除非受到法律制止，可自由离开香港特别行政区，无需特别批准。

Article 31 Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of movement within the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and freedom of emigration to other countries and regions. They shall have freedom to travel and to enter or leave the Region. Unless restrained by law, holders of valid travel documents shall be free to leave the Region without special authorization.

第三十二条 香港居民有信仰的自由。

Article 32 Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of conscience.

香港居民有宗教信仰的自由，有公开传教和举行、参加宗教活动的自由。

Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of religious belief and freedom to preach and to conduct and participate in religious activities in public.

第三十三条 香港居民有选择职业的自由。

Article 33 Hong Kong residents shall have freedom of choice of occupation.

第三十四条 香港居民有进行学术研究、文学艺术创作和其他文化活动的自由。

Article 34 Hong Kong residents shall have freedom to engage in academic research, literary and artistic creation, and other cultural activities.

第三十五条 香港居民有权得到秘密法律咨询、向法院提起诉讼、选择律师及时保护自己的合法权益或在法庭上为其代理和获得司法补救。

Article 35 Hong Kong residents shall have the right to confidential legal advice, access to the courts, choice of lawyers for timely protection of their lawful rights and interests or for representation in the courts, and to judicial remedies.

香港居民有权对行政部门和行政人员的行为向法院提起诉讼。

Hong Kong residents shall have the right to institute legal proceedings in the courts against the acts of the executive authorities and their personnel.

第三十六条 香港居民有依法享受社会福利的权利。劳工的福利待遇和退休保障受法律保护。

Article 36 Hong Kong residents shall have the right to social welfare in accordance with law. The welfare benefits and retirement security of the labour force shall be protected by law.

第三十七条 香港居民的婚姻自由和自愿生育的权利受法律保护。

Article 37 The freedom of marriage of Hong Kong residents and their right to raise a family freely shall be protected by law.

第三十八条 香港居民享有香港特别行政区法律保障的其他权利和自由。

Article 38 Hong Kong residents shall enjoy the other rights and freedoms safeguarded by the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第三十九条 《公民权利和政治权力国际公约》、《经济、社会与文化权利的国际公约》和国际劳工公约适用于香港的有关规定继续有效，通过香港特别行政区的法律予以实施。

Article 39 The provisions of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and international labour conventions as applied to Hong Kong shall remain in force and shall be implemented through the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

香港居民享有的权利和自由，除依法规定外不得限制，此种限制不得与本条第一款规定抵触。

The rights and freedoms enjoyed by Hong Kong residents shall not be restricted unless as prescribed by law. Such restrictions shall not contravene the provisions of the preceding paragraph of this Article.

第四十条 “新界”原居民的合法传统权益受香港特别行政区的保护。

Article 40 The lawful traditional rights and interests of the indigenous inhabitants of the "New Territories" shall be protected by the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第四十一条 在香港特别行政区境内的香港居民以外的其他人，依法享有本章规定的香港居民的权利和自由。

Article 41 Persons in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region other than Hong Kong residents shall, in accordance with law, enjoy the rights and freedoms of Hong Kong residents prescribed in this Chapter.

第四十二条 香港居民和在香港的其他人有遵守香港特别行政区实行的法律的义务。

Article 42 Hong Kong residents and other persons in Hong Kong shall have the obligation to abide by the laws in force in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第四章 政治体制 第一节 行政长官

Chapter IV Political Structure Section 1: The Chief Executive

第四十三条 香港特别行政区行政长官是香港特别行政区的首长，代表香港特别行政区。

Article 43 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the head of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region.

香港特别行政区行政长官依照本法的规定对中央人民政府和香港特别行政区负责。

The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

第四十四条 香港特别行政区行政长官由年满四十周岁，在香港通常居住连续满二十年并在外国无居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

Article 44 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a Chinese citizen of not less than 40 years of age who is a permanent resident of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 20 years.

第四十五条 香港特别行政区行政长官在当地通过选举或协商产生，由中央人民政府任命。

Article 45 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be selected by election or through consultations held locally and be appointed by the Central People's Government.

行政长官的产生办法根据香港特别行政区的实际情况和循序渐进的原则而规定，最终达至由一个有广泛代表性的提名委员会按民主程序提名后普选产生的目标。

The method for selecting the Chief Executive shall be specified in the light of the actual situation in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and in accordance with the principle of gradual and orderly progress. The ultimate aim is the selection of the Chief Executive by universal suffrage upon nomination by a broadly representative nominating committee in accordance with democratic procedures.

行政长官产生的具体办法由附件一《香港特别行政区行政长官的产生办法》规定。

The specific method for selecting the Chief Executive is prescribed in Annex I "Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region".

第四十六条 香港特别行政区行政长官任期五年，可连任一次。

Article 46 The term of office of the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be five years. He or she may serve for not more than two consecutive terms.

第四十七条 香港特别行政区行政长官必须廉洁奉公、尽忠职守。

Article 47 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must be a person of integrity, dedicated to his or her duties.

行政长官就任时应向香港特别行政区终审法院首席法官申报财产，记录在案。

The Chief Executive, on assuming office, shall declare his or her assets to the Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. This declaration shall be put on record.

第四十八条 香港特别行政区行政长官行使下列职权：

Article 48 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）领导香港特别行政区政府；

(1) To lead the government of the Region;

（二）负责执行本法和依照本法适用于香港特别行政区的其他法律；

(2) To be responsible for the implementation of this Law and other laws which, in accordance with this Law, apply in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region;

（三）签署立法会通过的法案，公布法律；

(3) To sign bills passed by the Legislative Council and to promulgate laws;

签署立法会通过的财政预算案，将财政预算、决算报中央人民政府备案；

to sign budgets passed by the Legislative Council and report the budgets and final accounts to the Central People's Government for the record;

（四）决定政府政策和发布行政命令；

(4) To decide on government policies and to issue executive orders;

（五）提名并报请中央人民政府任命下列主要官员：各司司长、副司长，各局局长，廉政专员，审计署署长，警务处处长，入境事务处处长，海关关长；建议中央人民政府免除上述官员职务；

(5) To nominate and to report to the Central People's Government for appointment the following principal officials: Secretaries and Deputy Secretaries of Departments, Directors of Bureaux, Commissioner Against Corruption, Director of Audit, Commissioner of Police, Director of Immigration and Commissioner of Customs and Excise;and to recommend to the Central People's Government the removal of the above-mentioned officials;

（六）依照法定程序任免各级法院法官；

(6) To appoint or remove judges of the courts at all levels in accordance with legal procedures;

（七）依照法定程序任免公职人员；

(7) To appoint or remove holders of public office in accordance with legal procedures;

（八）执行中央人民政府就本法规定的有关事务发出的指令；

(8) To implement the directives issued by the Central People's Government in respect of the relevant matters provided for in this Law;

（九）代表香港特别行政区政府处理中央授权的对外事务和其他事务；

(9) To conduct, on behalf of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, external affairs and other affairs as authorized by the Central Authorities;

（十）批准向立法会提出有关财政收入或支出的动议；

(10) To approve the introduction of motions regarding revenues or expenditure to the Legislative Council;

（十一）根据安全和重大公共利益的考虑，决定政府官员或其他负责政府公务的人员是否向立法会或其属下的委员会作证和提供证据；

(11) To decide, in the light of security and vital public interests, whether government officials or other personnel in charge of government affairs should testify or give evidence before the Legislative Council or its committees;

（十二）赦免或减轻刑事罪犯的刑罚；

(12) To pardon persons convicted of criminal offences or commute their penalties;

（十三）处理请愿，申诉事项。

and (13) To handle petitions and complaints.

第四十九条 香港特别行政区行政长官如认为立法会通过的法案不符合香港特别行政区的整体利益，可在三个月内将法案发回立法会重议，立法会如以不少于全体议员三分之二多数再次通过原案，行政长官必须在一个月内签署公布或按本法第五十条的规定处理。

Article 49 If the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region considers that a bill passed by the Legislative Council is not compatible with the overall interests of the Region, he or she may return it to the Legislative Council within three months for reconsideration. If the Legislative Council passes the original bill again by not less than a two- thirds majority of all the members, the Chief Executive must sign and promulgate it within one month, or act in accordance with the provisions of Article 50 of this Law.

第五十条 香港特别行政区行政长官如拒绝签署立法会再次通过的法案或立法会拒绝通过政府提出的财政预算案或其他重要法案，经协商仍不能取得一致意见，行政长官可解散立法会。

Article 50 If the Chief executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region refuses to sign a bill passed the second time by the Legislative Council, or the Legislative Council refuses to pass a budget or any other important bill introduced by the government, and if consensus still cannot be reached after consultations, the Chief Executive may dissolve the Legislative Council.

行政长官在解散立法会前，须征询行政会议的意见。行政长官在其一任任期内只能解散立法会一次。

The Chief Executive must consult the Executive Council before dissolving the Legislative Council. The Chief Executive may dissolve the Legislative Council only once in each term of his or her office.

第五十一条 香港特别行政区立法会如拒绝批准政府提出的财政预算案，行政长官可向立法会申请临时拨款。如果由于立法会己被解散而不能批准拨款，行政长官可在选出新的立法会前的一段时期内，按上一财政年度的开支标准，批准临时短期拨款。

Article 51 If the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region refuses to pass the budget introduced by the government, the Chief Executive may apply to the Legislative Council for provisional appropriations. If appropriation of public funds cannot be approved because the Legislative Council has already been dissolved, the Chief Executive may, prior to the election of the new Legislative Council, approve provisional short-term appropriations according to the level of expenditure of the previous fiscal year.

第五十二条 香港特别行政区行政长官如有下列情况之一者必须辞职：

Article 52 The Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must resign under any of the following circumstances:

（一）因严重疾病或其他原因无力履行职务；

(1) When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;

（二）因两次拒绝签署立法会通过的法案而解散立法会，重选的立法会仍以全体议员三分之二多数通过所争议的原案，而行政长官仍拒绝签署；

(2) When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because he or she twice refuses to sign a bill passed by it, the new Legislative Council again passes by a two-thirds majority of all the members the original bill in dispute, but he or she still refuses to sign it;

（三）因立法会拒绝通过财政预算案或其他重要法案而解散立法会，重选的立法会继续拒绝通过所争议的原案。

and (3) When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because it refuses to pass a budget or any other important bill, the new Legislative Council still refuses to pass the original bill in dispute.

第五十三条 香港特别行政区行政长官短期不能履行职务时，由政务司长、财政司长、律政司长依次临时代理其职务。

Article 53 If the Chief Executive of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is not able to discharge his or her duties for a short period, such duties shall temporarily be assumed by the Administrative Secretary, Financial Secretary or Secretary of Justice in this order of precedence.

行政长官缺位时，应在六个月内依本法第四十五条的规定产生新的行政长官。行政长官缺位期间的职务代理，依照上款规定办理。

In the event that the office of Chief Executive becomes vacant, a new Chief executive shall be selected within six months in accordance with the provisions of Article 45 of this Law. During the period of vacancy, his or her duties shall be assumed according to the provisions of the preceding paragraph.

第五十四条 香港特别行政区行政会议是协助行政长官决策的机构。

Article 54 The Executive council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be an organ for assisting the Chief Executive in policy-making.

第五十五条 香港特别行政区行政会议的成员由行政长官从行政机关的主要官员、立法会议员和社会人士中委任，其任免由行政长官决定。行政会议成员的任期应不超过委任他的行政长官的任期。

Article 55 Members of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be appointed by the Chief Executive from among the principle officials of the executive authorities, members of the Legislative Council and public figures. Their appointment or removal shall be decided by the Chief Executive. The term of office of members of the Executive Council shall not extend beyond the expiry of the term of office of the Chief Executive who appoints them.

香港特别行政区行政会议成员由在外国无居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居中的中国公民担任。

Members of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country.

行政长官认为必要时可邀请有关人士列席会议。

The Chief Executive may, as he or she deems necessary, invite other persons concerned to sit in on meetings of the Council.

第五十六条 香港特别行政区行政会议由行政长官主持。

Article 56 The Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be presided over by the Chief Executive.

行政长官在作出重要决策、向立法会提交法案、制定附属法规和解散立法会前，须征询行政会议的意见，但人事任免、纪律制裁和紧急情况下采取的措施除外。

Except for the appointment, removal and disciplining of officials and the adoption of measures in emergencies, the Chief Executive shall consult the Executive Council before making important policy decisions, introducing bills to the Legislative Council, making subordinate legislation, or dissolving the Legislative Council.

行政长官如不采纳行政会议多数成员的意见，应将具体理由记录在案。

If the Chief Executive does not accept a majority opinion of the Executive Council, he or she shall put the specific reasons on record.

第五十七条 香港特别行政区设立廉政公署，独立工作，对行政长官负责。

Article 57 A Commission Against Corruption shall be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and be accountable to the Chief Executive.

第五十八条 香港特别行政区设立审计署，独立工作，对行政长官负责。

Article 58 A Commission of Audit shall be established in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. It shall function independently and be accountable to the Chief Executive.

第四章 政治体制 第二节 行政机关

Section 2: the Executive Authorities

第五十九条 香港特别行政区政府是香港特别行政区行政机关。

Article 59 The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the executive authorities of the Region.

第六十条 香港特别行政区政府的首长是香港特别行政区行政长官。

Article 60 The head of the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the Chief Executive of the Region.

香港特别行政区政府设政务司、财政司、律政司和各局、处、署。

A Department of Administration, a Department of Finance, a Department of Justice, and various bureaux, divisions and commissions shall be established in the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.

第六十一条 香港特别行政区的主要官员由在香港通常居住连续满十五年并在外国无居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

Article 61 The principal officials of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and have ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 15 years.

第六十二条 香港特别行政区政府行使下列职权：

Article 62 The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）制定并执行政策；

(1) To formulate and implement policies;

（二）管理各项行政事务；

(2) To conduct administrative affairs;

（三）办理本法规定的中央人民政府授权的对外事务；

(3) To conduct external affairs as authorized by the Central People's Government under this Law;

（四）编制并提出财政预算、决算；

(4) To draw up and introduce budgets and final accounts;

（五）拟定并提出法案、议案、附属法规；

(5) To draft and introduce bills, motions and subordinate legislation;

（六）委派官员列席立法会并代表政府发言。

and (6) To designate officials to sit in on the meetings of the Legislative Council and to speak on behalf of the government.

第六十三条 香港特别行政区律政司主管刑事检察工作，不受任何干涉。

Article 63 The Department of Justice of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall control criminal prosecutions, free from any interference.

第六十四条 香港特别行政区政府必须遵守法律，对香港特别行政区立法会负责：执行立法会通过并已生效的法律；定期向立法会作施政报告；答复立法会议员的质询；征税和公共开支须经立法会批准。

Article 64 The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region must abide by the law and be accountable to the Legislative Council of the Region: it shall implement laws passed by the Council and already in force; it shall present regular policy addresses to the Council; it shall answer questions raised by members of the Council;and it shall obtain approval from the Council for taxation and public expenditure.

第六十五条 原由行政机关设立咨询组织的制度继续保留。

Article 65 The previous system of establishing advisory bodies by the executive authorities shall be maintained.

第四章 政治体制 第三节 立法机关

Section 3: The Legislature

第六十六条 香港特别行政区立法会是香港特别行政区的立法机关。

Article 66 The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be the legislature of the Region.

第六十七条 香港特别行政区立法会由在外国无居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民组成。但非中国籍的香港特别行政区永久性居和在外国有居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居民也可以当选为香港特别行政区立法会议员，其所占比例不得超过立法会全体议员的百分之二十。

Article 67 The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be composed of Chinese citizens who are permanent residents of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country. However, permanent residents of the Region who are not of Chinese nationality or who have the right of abode in foreign countries may also not of Chinese nationality or who have the right of abode in foreign countries may also be elected members of the Legislative Council of the Region, provided that the proportion of such members does not exceed 20 percent of the total membership of the Council.

第六十八条 香港特别行政区立法会由选举产生。

Article 68 The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be constituted by election.

立法会的产生办法根据香港特别行政区的实际情况和循序渐进的原则而规定，最终达至全部议员由普选产生的目标。

The method for forming the Legislative Council shall be specified in the light of the actual situation in the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and in accordance with the principle of gradual and orderly progress. The ultimate aim is the election of all the members of the Legislative Council by universal suffrage.

立法会产生的具体办法和法案、议案的表决程序由附件二《香港特别行政区立法会的产生办法和表决程序》规定。

The specific method for forming the Legislative Council and its procedures for voting on bills and motions are prescribed in Annex II : "Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and Its Voting Procedures".

第六十九条 香港特别行政区立法会除第一届任期为两年外，每届任期四年。

Article 69 The term of office of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be four years, except the first term which shall be two years.

第七十条 香港特别行政区立法会如经行政长官依本法规定解散，须于三个月内依本法第六十八条的规定，重行选举产生。

Article 70 If the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region is dissolved by the Chief Executive in accordance with the provisions of this Law, it must, within three months, be reconstituted by election in accordance with Article 68 of this Law.

第七十一条 香港特别行政区立法会主席由立法会议员互选产生。

Article 71 The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be elected by and from among the members of the Legislative Council.

香港特别行政区立法会主席由年满四十周岁，在香港通常居住连续满二十年并在外国无居留权的香港特别行政区永久性居民中的中国公民担任。

The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be a Chinese citizen of not less than 40 years of age, who is a permanent resident of the Region with no right of abode in any foreign country and has ordinarily resided in Hong Kong for a continuous period of not less than 20 years.

第七十二条 香港特别行政区立法会主席行使下列职权：

Article 72 The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）主持会议；

(1) To preside over meetings;

（二）决定议程，政府提出的议案须优先列入议程；

(2) To decide on the agenda, giving priority to government bills for inclusion in the agenda;

（三）决定开会时间；

(3) To decide on the time of meetings;

（四）在休会期间可召开特别会议；

(4) To call special sessions during the recess;

（五）应行政长官的要求召开紧急会议；

(5) To call emergency sessions on the request of the Chief Executive;

（六）立法会议事规则所规定的其他职权。

and (6) To exercise other powers and functions as prescribed in the rules of procedure of the Legislative Council.

第七十三条 香港特别行政区立法会行使下列职权：

Article 73 The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall exercise the following powers and functions:

（一）根据本法规定并依照法定程序制定、修改和废除法律；

(1) To enact, amend or repeal laws in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures;

（二）根据政府的提案，审核、通过财政预算；

(2) To examine and approve budgets introduced by the government;

（三）批准税收和公共开支；

(3) To approve taxation and public expenditure;

（四）听取行政长官的施政报告并进行辩论；

(4) To receive and debate the policy addresses of the Chief Executive;

（五）对政府的工作提出质询；

(5) To raise questions on the work of the government;

（六）就任何有关公共利益问题进行辨论；

(6) To debate any issue concerning public interests;

（七）同意终审法院法官和高等法院首席法官的任免；

(7) To endorse the appointment and removal of the judges of the Court of Final Appeal and the Chief Judge of the High Court;

（八）接受香港居民申诉并作出处理；

(8) To receive and handle complaints from Hong Kong residents;

（九）如立法会全体议员的四分之一联合动议，指控行政长官有严重违法或渎职行为而不辞职，经立法会通过进行调查，立法会可委托终审法院首席法官负责组成独立的调查委员会，并担任主席。调查委员会负责进行调查，并向立法会提出报告。如该调查委员会认为有足够证据构成上述指控，立法会以全体议员三分之二多数通过，可提出弹劾案，报请中央人民政府决定。

(9) If a motion initiated jointly by one-fourth of all the members of the Legislative Council charges the Chief Executive with serious breach of law or dereliction of duty and if he or she refuses to resign, the Council may, after passing a motion for investigation, give a mandate to the Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal to form and chair an independent investigation committee. The committee shall be responsible for carrying out the investigation and reporting its findings to the Council. If the committee considers the evidence sufficient to substantiate such charges, the Council may pass a motion of impeachment by a two-thirds majority of all its members and report it to the Central People's Government for decision;

（十）在行使上述各项职权时，如有需要，可传召有关人士出席作证和提供证据。

and (10) To summon, as required when exercising the above-mentioned powers and functions, persons concerned to testify or give evidence.

第七十四条 香港特别行政区立法会议员根据本法规定并依照法定程序提出法律草案，凡不涉及公共开支或政治体制或政府运作者，可由立法会议员个别或联名提出。凡涉及政府政策者，在提出前必须得到行政长官的书面同意。

Article 74 Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may introduce bills in accordance with the provisions of this Law and legal procedures. Bills which do not relate to public expenditure or political structure or the operation of the government may be introduced individually or jointly by members of the Council. The written consent of the Chief Executive shall be required before bills relating to government policies are introduced.

第七十五条 香港特别行政区立法会举行会议的法定人数为不少于全体议员的二分之一。

Article 75 The quorum for the meeting of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be not less than one half of all its members.

立法会议事规则由立法会自行制定，但不得与本法相抵触。

 The rules of procedure of the Legislative Council shall be made by the Council on its own, provided that they do not contravene this Law.

第七十六条 香港特别行政区立法会通过的法案，须经行政长官签署、公布，方能生效。

Article 76 A bill passed by the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region may take effect only after it is signed and promulgated by the Chief Executive.

第七十七条 香港特别行政区立法会议员在立法会的会议上发言，不受法律追究。

Article 77 Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall be immune from legal action in respect of their statements at meetings of the Council.

第七十八条 香港特别行政区立法会议员在出席会议时和赴会途中不受逮捕。

Article 78 Members of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall not be subjected to arrest when attending or on their way to a meeting of the Council.

第七十九条 香港特别行政区立法会议员如有下列情况之一，由立法会主席宣告其丧失立法会议员的资格：

Article 79 The President of the Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region shall declare that a member of the Council is no longer qualified for the office under any of the following circumstances:

（一）因严重疾病或其他情况无力履行职务；

(1) When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;

（二）未得到立法会主席的同意，连续三个月不出席会议而无合理解释者；

(2) When he or she, with no valid reason, is absent from meetings for three consecutive months without the consent of the President of the Legislative Council;

（三）丧失或放弃香港特别行政区永久性居民的身份；

(3) When he or she loses or renounces his or her status as a permanent resident of the Region;

（四）接受政府的委任而出任公务人员；

(4) When he or she accepts a government appointment and becomes a public servant;

（五）破产或经法庭裁定偿还债务而不履行；

(5) When he or she is bankrupt or fails to comply with a court order to repay debts;

（六）在香港特别行政区区内或区外被判犯有刑事罪行，判处监禁一个月以上，并经立法会出席会议的议员三分之二通过解除其职务；

(6) When he or she is convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for one month or more for a criminal offence committed within or outside the Region and is relieved of his or her duties by a motion passed by two-thirds of the members of the Legislative Council present;

（七）行为不检或违反誓言而经立法会出席会议的议员三分之二通过谴责。

and (7) When he or she is censured for misbehaviour or breach of oath by a vote of two-thirds of the members of the Legislative Council present.