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seclusive 2007-08-16 20:27

相关链接:Kaleidoscopic English * 联合早报 * 常见party大全 (USA) * 陈清霖:翻译的技巧 * 每日习语 * 流行美语

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索 引


P1:stag party 雄鹿会,男子聚会 * hen party 女性聚会 * tailgate party 车尾野餐会,球迷的场外野餐会 * bachelor party告别独身晚会 * baby shower 送礼会 * crash a party 没有请柬闯入晚会 * no-host party 费用分摊的社交聚会 * lynching party, necktie party 由群众处的绞刑 * 售货员以英文招呼 你该如何回答?* 生病的症状(Symptom) * Deadbeat 精疲力尽的 * a dead end 没出口的路;死胡同(P6) * a dead-end job 无晋升希望的工作 * Hand sth. out to sb. 把……交给…… * Hand over sb./ sth. to sb. 引渡某人;移交某事 * Hand sth. on (to sb.) 把消息等转达给某人 * In a big way 大规模的 * In a bind/jam 陷入困境 * Judging from/by sth. 从某事判断 * Judge sb./ sth. by appearances 以貌取人,从外表看事情 * Of necessity 逻辑上必要地 * Add up to something 总计,等于 * Addicted to sth. 沉迷于 * Address oneself to sth. 注意到 * Beaten road is the safest 多人走过的路最安全 * Beauty is but skin deep 肤浅 * Beauty is in the eye of the beholder 美的观念人人不同 * Carry out sth. 完成某事 * Carry sb./sth. through 帮助完成某事、帮助某人渡过难关 * Carry something too far 做得过分 * Delegate sb. to do sth. 委托某人做某事 * Delete sth. from some place 删除 * Deliberate on/upon sth. 仔细考虑 * Eat sb. out of house and home 把某人吃穷 * Eavesdrop on sb. 窃听 * Eavesdroppers never hear any good of themselves 偷听话的人听不到自己的好话 * Above/over one's head 难以理解 * Above oneself 得意忘形;自高自大 * Above/below par (价格)在票面价值或标准以上/以下 * a/the back-seat driver 对司机胡乱指点的乘客,自动乱给劝告的人 * Backstairs influence/talk 秘密或间接的影响或谈话 * Bad blood between one person and another 仇恨;厌恶 * Calculate on/upon (doing) sth. 指望;依靠 * Call a spade a spade 直言不讳 * Cocoon sb. from/against sth. 盖在保护层里 * a dark horse 黑马(有本事而深藏不露的人),实力难测的竞争者(P6)* Dash off 匆匆地写,猛冲 * Half the battle 至关重要的一部分(工作)* a hallmark of sth. 某事的特征 * Hammer away at sth. 努力做某事 * Ideal for 理想的;最合适的 * Identical to sth. 与某事相同 * Import sth. to sb./sth. 传达 * Join hands (with sb.) 携手,联合 * Join in sth. 参与某事 * Of two evils choose the lesser 两害取其小和轻的 * Patch up 迅速修补,解决纷争,Pave the way for sth. 为……铺路 * Go off one's head 发疯;疯了(P3) * Come to a head 达到摊牌阶段 * From head to toe 从头到脚 * Have a head for figures 数学好 * Have a head start 起步比人快 * Have one's head in the clouds 与实际情况脱节 * Have one's head screwed on the right way 必须理智和清醒 * Head over heels 完全地;彻底地 * Keep a cool head 保持冷静 * Keep one's head above water 避免负债 * Lose one's head 失去控制 * Make no head or tail of... 对……不知所云 * Put...into someone's head 向……提供意见 * Use One's head 动动脑筋 * Put our/ your /their heads together 大家一起商量 * Head and shoulders above... 胜过…… * Hit the nail on the head 做得恰到好处;说得对极了 * 词语的搭配 * 动名词与带ing的名词 * Delusions of grandeur 自以为重要或有权势的幻念 * Deluged with sth. 充满 * Educated guess 凭知识或经验的猜测 * Egg sb. on (to do sth.) 怂恿 * Either way/in either case 任何一种情况 * Eke out sth. 补足 * Fall into disuse 废而不用 * Fall into oblivion 遗忘 * Fall off 数量减少 * Fall through 失败 * Fan out 散开 *

P2:Abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈服于……;陷入…… * Abase oneself 降低自己的身分 * Abide by sth. 遵守某事 * Back a/the wrong horse 下错了赌注;支持输家;支持失败的一方(见P6) * Back away (from doing sth.) 因害怕或厌恶而后退 * Call forth/out sth. 使某事物出现;引出某事物 * Call in sb./sth. 请某人来;下令收回某物 *a dab hand at (doing) sth. (做)某事的能手 * Dabble in sth. 涉水;涉猎;浅尝辄止 * Had better 最好 * Haggle over/about sth. 讨价还价 * I beg to differ 恕我不能赞同 * I/You bet 我敢肯定;你可确信 * a Jack-in-the-box 盒中的玩偶;比喻一个人静不下来 * a Jack of all trades is master of none 博而不精的人 * Oblivious of/to sth. 未觉察某事;不注意某事 * an odd man/one out 与众不同的人或物 * a pack of lies 一派胡言 * Pack someone off (to some place) 迅速打发某人 * Qualify as someone/for sth. 具……的资格;合格于…… * Quarrel with one's bread and butter 和自己的生计过不去 * Race against time/a race against time 尽快工作,按时完成 * Abide by the consequences 忍受不良后果 * Able to/can take sth. 能承受不好的事 * Abound in/with sth. 有很多…… * Back down 放弃对某事的要求等 * Back on to sth. 背向 * Call it a day 停止工作或活动;一天工作完毕 (另见P3) * Call off sth. 取消某事;停止某事 * Dally about 慢而浪费时间 * Dally with sth. 不认真考虑某事 * Dam up sth. 抑制某事 * Hail-fellow-well-met with sb. 对人十分友好 * Hail sb. or sth. as sb. else/sth. else 热情地承认某事或招呼某人 * I couldn't agree more (与某人意见)完全一致 * I dare say 我相信;可能 * I hate to disturb/bother/trouble you, but... 我不愿麻烦你,但…… * Jack up 顶起;增加;提高 * Oddities and absurdities 稀奇古怪 * Odds and ends 琐碎物品 * Pack up 不再做某事;放弃…… * Packed like sardines 拥挤(如罐中的沙丁鱼)* Queue up (for sth.) 排队等候 * Quibble about/at sth. or a quibble over sth. 因小事而争论 * 多姿多彩的with结构 * About average 符合一般水平 * About time 差不多到时候了 * About to 即将;正要 * Back to back 背靠背 * Back to front 前后颠倒;透彻地 * Back up sb./sth. 支持某人/某事 * Call on/upon sb. 访问某人 * Call on/upon sb. to do sth. 邀请;恳求;促使 * Call out sb. 召唤 * Damp(en) sth. down 使火燃烧缓慢下来;抑制;减弱 * Dance attendance on/upon sb. 侍候某人,听其差遣 * Halcyon days 太平幸福的日子 * Hale and hearty 健壮的 * Half a loaf is better than no bread 少量比完全没有好 * I hate to mention it, but... 让我提醒你 * I would be the first/ last person to... 我很愿意/很不愿意做某事 * Jealous of sb./sth. 妒忌某人/某事 * Jeer at sb. 嘲笑 * the odds are that 可能 * Of great/ some/ no account 很/有些/不重要 * Palm sth. off on sb./palm sb. off with sth. 劝说别人接受自己不喜欢的事物;打发不喜欢的人 * Raise one's eyebrows (at sth.) 表示惊讶或疑惑 * As的各种用途 * Above all 最重要的;尤其 * Above average 在一般水平以上 * Above criticism/ suspicion 无可批评/怀疑 * a back-breaking task/work 使人筋疲力尽的工作 * Backfire on sb. 产生出乎意料以及事与愿违的结果 * a/the backroom boy 在幕后默默工作的人 * Call sb. names 侮辱某人 * Call sb. to account 要求某人解释某事 * Call sth. in(to) question 怀疑某事物 * Darby and Joan 恩爱的老年夫妇 * Dare sb. to do sth. (dangerous) 激某人做某事(危险的事);挑战 * Half an eye 一看就明白 * Half-and-half 不好也不坏;差强人意的 * Half-baked idea 考虑不周的念头 * I would if I could but I can't 我很想做某事但不能 * I wouldn't say no 我一定同意/答应 * Jib at doing sth. 不肯做某事 * Join/ combine forces (with sb.) 与某人联合以达到共同的目的 * Of high calibre 质量或能力高 * Of no/ little avail 没有一点儿/只有小小用处 * a parting of the ways 一分为二的地方;三岔路口;须在两者之间抉择的关键 * Pat sb. on the back/ give sb. a pat on the back 轻拍某人表示赞扬、鼓励等

P3:All night long 整夜 * Day after day 每天(P3) * Day in day out 一天又一天(P3) * For a rainy day 为困难的日子作准备 * In this day and age 在现在这时代 * Have an off day 不大成功或顺利的一天 * The order of the day 一般的惯例 * The other day 几天前 * To this day (指日期)准确地 * Have seen better days 曾经历过好日子 * Some day 将来 * One's days are numbered 末日将临 * Carry the day 胜利的一天 * Someone's day 幸运的一天 * Take a day off 休息一天 * Have a night out 夜间出去消遣 * A night owl 迟迟不睡者 * At the dead of night 深夜 * Save the day 使情况变佳 * Every dog has its day 凡人都有得意日 * What is done by night appears by day 若要人不知,除非己莫为 * Above sb. 令人难以理解 * Abscond from a place 潜逃出某地 * Absence makes the heart grow fonder 不见面令人更怀念 * Bad for sb. 对某人有害 * Bad news travels fast 恶事传千里 * a bad workman always blames his tools 技术差的工人埋怨工具不好 * Cajole/coax sb. into/out of (doing) sth. 劝诱某人做/不做某事 * a calculated risk 有意尝试的险 * Calculated to do sth. 计划做某事 * Call at a place 停靠某处 * Call back (sb.) 回电;再来拜访 * Date back to/from a certain time 自某时代至今 * Daub with sth. 涂抹 * Dawn on/upon sb. 突然明白 * Half the world knows not how the other half lives 这类人不知另一类人的生活方式 * Hammer out sth. 竭力做某事;用锤敲去某物 * Impose on sb. 使人为难 * Impoverish sb./sth. of sb./sth. else 使某人贫困;使某事不妙 * Impress sb. with sth. 使某人对某事印象深刻 * Impress sth. on/upon sb. 使某人深深意识到某事物 * Join with sb. 彼此一起 * Joint efforts 共同的努力 * 用词要简洁 * Abscond with sth. 带贵重物潜逃 * Absence of mind 心不在焉 * Absent oneself from a place 缺席;没去 * Absolve sb. from (doing) sth. 获免……;免除某人(履行诺言;承受罪责等)* Badly off 穷困;不够;需要某物 * Bag and baggage 携随身财物(而去)* Bail sb. out 保释某人 * Call/bring sth. to a halt 停止…… * Call sth. to mind 记起 * Call sth. to order 要求安静进行某事 * a day dream 白日梦 * a day of reckoning 报应的日子 * Hammer sth. home 强调 * Hand back sth. 用手交还 * Hand down sth. to sb. (遗)传给…… * Impose sth. on sb./sth. else 强加给;征(税);罚(款)* Improve on/upon sth. 改进 * Joking apart/aside 别再开玩笑 * Of moment 重要的 * Part company (with sb.) 分道扬镳;向不同方向去;结束;了结 * On the air 在广播中 * On balance 权衡轻重之后 * On the dole 接受福利金 * On an even keel 平稳的 * On the loose 不受拘束的 * On the make 热衷于追求名利 * On the mend 病情在好转 * On the move 在活动中 * On a par with ……和……平等 * On the quiet 秘密地 * On the rocks 遭受失败 * on the run 在逃跑中 * On a shoestring 小本经营地 * On the side 作为兼职 * On the sly 秘密地;偷偷地 * On the spot 当场;立即 * On tenterhooks 提心吊胆 * On the rack 极度焦虑不安 * On tap 随时可得到的 * On the cards 有可能实现的 * On edge 紧张;着急 * On call 待命 * Accommodate sb. with sth. 提供 * Accompany sth. with sth. else 随某物而来 * Accord with sth. 与某事物相配合 * According to 根据;按照;循序;视……而定 * Bar sb. from (doing) sth. 阻止某人做某事 * the bare bones 梗概 * Bare of sth. (指不该空着)空的 * Can/could do no wrong 绝对错不了 * Can ill afford (to do) sth. 负担不起 * Cancel sth. out 抵消 * be dead set against sb./ sth. 极力反对 * be accustomed/used to (doing) sth. 习惯于…… * Ache for sb./sth., ache to do sth. 渴望得到……;使人感伤 * Aches and pains 各种疼痛 * Achilles' heel 致命伤 * Base on/upon sth. 基于…… * Bask in sth. 取暖;受人赞美、恩惠等 * Bathed in/with sth. 沐浴在……;全湿 * Cannot make head or tail of sth./Can make neither head nor tail of sth. 不能理解…… * Can't be bothered 懒得……;嫌麻烦而不为 * Can't bear/stand the sight of sb./sth. 不忍看…… * Deal in sth. 买卖 * 怎样使句子多样化 *

P4:an acid test 决定性考验 * Acquaint sb./oneself with sth. 使某人认识某事物 * Acquiesce in sth. 同意某事;默许 * the be-all and end-all of sth. 某事的全部 * Be that as it may 即使如此 * Bear a grudge against sb./bear sb. a/no grudge 对某人怀恶意/无恶意 * Can't/Couldn't go wrong 错不了 * Can't hear oneself think 听不到自己在想什么(喻周遭太吵闹)* Can't help but do sth. 不得不 * Death is the great leveller“死亡”是伟大的平等主义者 * Death to sb./sth. 对……很不好/致命的 * Earn an honest penny 以正当手段赚钱 * Earn one's living 赚钱过生活 * Ears burn 耳朵发烧(指遭人说坏话而难堪)* Ease off/up (on sb./sth.) 减轻、缓和 * Facts and figures 精确的资料 * Fade away/out 散开;慢慢消失 * Faint heart never won fair lady 怯懦的人永远博不到美人欢心 * Gain access to a place 进入某处 * Gain/obtain currency 传开 * Handsome is as handsome does 行为美才是真美 * Handy for sth. 离……很近(非常方便)* In a daze 处于茫然状态 * In a dream 生活在梦幻中 * Jump for joy 高兴得直跳 * 肯定句与否定句词义的差别 * Across the board/across-the-board 全面;全部的 * Act as sb./sth. 代替 * Act as a brake on/upon/ to sb.'s activity 遏制 * Bear a/no resemblance to sb. 看起来像/不像…… * Bear no relation to sth. 与……无相似之处 * Bear out 支持;证实 * Capable of doing sth. 能够 * Capitalise on sth. 利用 * Decide / determine on / upon sb. / (doing) sth. 考虑后作出决定 * the decline and fall 衰亡 * Dedicate sth. to sb./(doing) sth. 献身于;献给…… * East or west, home is best 没有任何地方比家好 * Easy come, easy go 易得易失 * Easy in mind 安心的 * Easy in one's mind 放心的 * Faithful to sb. 忠于某人 * Fall apart 支离破碎 * Fall away 渐渐减少 * Fall back on sth. 依靠某事物 * Gall and wormwood 怨恨 * Galvanise sb. into (doing) sth. 激起某人行动起来 * Gamble on sth. 冒险行动或碰运气;孤注一掷做…… * a game at which two can play 你会我也会的一套 * In time for ……及时到……/做…… * On time 准时的 * Pressed for time 时间不足 * Buy time 争取时间 * For the time being 暂时地 * From time to time 偶尔 * In the nick of time 及时 * In no time 很快地 * Kill time 消磨时间 * Time and again 屡次 * Time alone will tell 时间可以证明一切 * Time's up 时间到了 * At the best of times 当情况最佳时 * At times 有时 * Behind the times 过时的 * Move/keep up with the times 赶上时代 * The time is ripe for ……的时机成熟了 * With time to spare 比预期时间早 * With time/Given time 假以时间 * For any length of time 短暂而已 * Act as a catalyst 促使变化 * Act for/on behalf of sb. 代……做某事 * Act high and mighty 行为高傲 * Act in bad faith 行为不诚实 * Bear sb. no ill will 对某人无恶意 * Bear the brunt of sth. 承受某事物正面的冲撞 * Bear up 在困境中不气馁 * Care about sth. 理会某事 * Care for sb./sth. 照顾;喜爱 * Care killed a cat 忧能伤身 * Careful/careless with/about sth. 小心;粗心 * Deep (down) 在心底 * Act on/upon sb./sth. 根据劝告或指示行事;对……发生作用 * Act out 表演;付诸行动 * Act out of duty 做份内事 * Bear with sb./sth. 容忍 * Bear witness to sth. 证明 * Beard the lion in his den 入狮穴捋狮须(喻公然走访某强人) * Carp/cavil at sb./sth. 挑剔;吹毛求疵 * be carried away 失去自制 * Carrot-and-stick 胡萝卜加大棒(喻软硬兼施) * Defeat one's purpose 达不到自己的目的 * Defer to sth. 遵从 * Deficient in sth. 缺乏 * 怎样突出句子中的重点 * Act up to sth. 根据原则等行事 * Actions speak louder than words 行动胜于语言 * Adapt oneself to sth. 适应于 * Beat a (hasty) retreat 仓皇撤退;匆匆走开 * Beat about the bush 拐弯抹角地说 * Beat down (a price) 降低某物价格 * Carry all / everything before sb. 完全成功 * Defraud sb. of sth. 从某人处骗取某物 * Defuse a situation 缓和危急局面 * Defy sb. to do sth. 激某人做不愿做的事 * Eat away sth. 腐蚀 * Eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow we die 生命无常应自我享受 * Eat humble pie 赔礼

P5:Fall foul of sth. 与某人/某事冲突 * Fall in/ into place 开始有头绪;开始明朗了 * Fall in love with sb. 爱上某人 * Gasp out sth. 喘着气说话 * the/a gateway/ pathway to sth. 达到……的途径 * Gather from sth. (从所做的或所说的事)理解 * Hang on sb.'s lips/ every word/ the words of sb. 注意听某人说话 * In a fit of ... 在一股……下;在一阵……下 * in/ like a flash 很快;立刻 * In a fog 迷惑 * Jumble up/ together 胡乱混在一起 * Jump on sb. 突击;不公平地批评某人 * up的用途 * Add fuel to the fire/ flames 火上加油 * Add insult to injury 伤害之外又加侮辱(使关系更差)* Add to sth. 加上 * Beat sb. at his own game 在某人拿手的方面胜过某人 * Beat the drum for sb./sth. 为某人/某事敲边鼓 * Beat up sb. 毒打某人 * Carry forward 把总数转记于另一页 * Carry on (with sth.) 继续 * Carry one's point 说服别人接受自己的观点 * Degenerate into sth. 衰退、恶化 * Degrade oneself 降低自己身份 * Delegate (power, rights) to sb. 把权利等委托给某人 * Eat into sth. 腐蚀;消耗 * 怎样使句子流畅易解 * (keep/hold) At bay 使……不能接近 * At bottom 实际上 * At close quarters 逼近地 * At cross purposes 互相误解 * At daggers drawn 势不两立 * At every turn 处处 * At one fell swoop 一举 * At issue 在讨论中的 * At large 一般的;逍遥法外的 * At length 详细地 * At loggerheads with... 经常和……争吵 * At a loss for words 不知说什么好 * At a low ebb 处于低潮 * At a price 付高代价 * At random 随意地 * At the ready 处在准备状态中 * At sea 茫然 * At a stretch 连续地 * At will 任意地 * At one's wits end 不知所措 * At heart 在内心里;本质上 * At sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 * In the black 盈利 * In the red 亏损;负债 * Black and blue 青一块紫一块 * The black sheep of the family 败家子 * In black and white 写出或印出 * Not so/ as black as one is painted 不如所形容的坏 * A bolt from the blue 睛天霹雳 * In a blue funk 惊恐万状 * Once in a blue moon 偶尔为之 * Disappear/Vanish into the blue 突然消失 * Give ... greenlight to ... 批准……做…… * Green with envy 非常妒忌 * Catch ... red-handed 当场被捕 * Roll out the red carpet 隆重欢迎 * Cut the red tape 取消繁文缛节 * See red 突然发怒 * Turn as white as a sheet 脸色变得很苍白 * A white lie 善意的谎言 * A white-collar worker 白领工人 * A grey area 含糊不清之处 * 挥之不去的错误 * 多词类的词 * 用词要准确 * 委婉的话语

P6:一字不同,意义有别 * 中英·英中误译实例 * Top dog 处支配地位者 * Go to the dogs 堕落;(经济)衰退 * Do the donkey work 呆板的例常工作 * A sitting duck 容易被打击的对象 * A cold fish 冷漠无情的人 * A fish out of water 如鱼离水;不适应 * Have other fish to fry 另有更重要的事要干 * There are plenty more fish in the sea 可供选择的人或事还很多 * Cannot say boo to a goose 羞怯 * A wild-goose chase 徒劳的搜索 * A guinea pig 被当实验的人或物 * Change horses in mid-stream 半途改变主张,或支持另一方 * The lion's share of... 最大最好的部分 * The rat race 激烈的竞争 * A snake in the grass 潜伏的敌人 * A chip off the old block 与父亲一模一样的儿子 * For old times' sake 为了缅怀过去 * An old fogey 思想狭窄的过时人* An old hand at... ……的老手 * Look like your old self 恢复原来的你 * Settle an old score 报旧仇 * Dead against... 极力反对…… * Cut...dead 完全不理睬…… * Dead ahead/in front (of) 就在前头 * Dead and buried 成为过去的 * A dead silence 沉寂无声 * Flog a dead horse 白费气力 * Make a dead set at... 猛烈攻击 * Reach a dead end 完全停止 * More dead than alive 身体情况非常疲弱 * A dead loss 完全无用的 * Dead wood 无用之人或物 * 句子的转换 * distrust, ascertain, howl, cherish, signal, subject, terminate, pervade, stir, release, stream, pave, scatter, endure, decay, sneak, resound, indulge, mingle, crumble, relish, dash, flutter, cling, prowl * Cynic 犬儒,bitterly/deeply cynical 非常乖僻的,To be cynical of sth. 对某事怀疑,不相信(含冷淡、讥嘲意)* remember/remind, ask/request, fairly/rather, ill/sick * damage, dream, demand, doubt, drop, drink, kick, defeat, end, escape, fear, fish, flood, dress, tip * Have a plum (marbles) in one's mouth 说话装腔作势,put one's finger in one's mouth and make an obscene noise 伸指入嘴作个放屁之声,表示揶揄的动作

P7:At long last 最后;终于 * Go a long way towards... 对……很有帮助 * In the long run 终于 * Too long drawn out 太冗长缓慢 * The long and the short of it 概括起来 * Before long 不久以后 * A short cut 捷径 * At short notice 临时通知 * Short with... 对……暴躁无礼 * Short of... 缺乏,除了……之外 * Cut...short 中止…… * Fall short of one's expectations 令人失望 * For short 缩写体 * Have a short temper 脾气暴躁 * In short 简言之 * In short supply 供应不足 * Nothing short of... 简直就是…… * Make short work of... 迅速处理…… * Give short shrift of... 对……漠不关心 * Pull... up short 使......中止正在做的事 * calm/quiet/still * quick/hasty * chase/follow * have high/ bright/ brilliant/ great promise 大有前途 * give promise of ... 有希望 * TO的两个功能 * blessing, awake, abundance, sorrow, knowledge, curse, appoint, delicate, robust, discord, harmony, spendthrift, miser, intoxicated, sober, scarcity, asleep, igorance, joy, dismiss * To allow/get (the) camel's nose into the tent 为达到最终目的做安排布置 * poke/stick/put/ thrust/shove one's nose into sth. 好管闲事 * Keep one's nose out of sth. 别管闲事(另见P17) * 习作健身房 Why I prefer a city life * imbroglio, Overwhelmed, phobia, make-up, callous, circumnavigated, congested, invidious, alterations, conspicuous, vulnerable, resuscitation * have the need of... / to be in need of... 需要……,有……之必要 * handy person 手巧者 * aroused, advertisement, great, seized, weather, discover, quiet, recognise, power, diminishing, engine, revealed, bits, alone, adopting, protecting, deceived, occupy

P8:raise a toast to sb. 举杯祝酒 * toast master 举杯祝词者,司仪 * toast 名人,吐司/土斯/多士 * of the opinion/view that...= think/believe that... * of use = useful * just came back(美国用法)*simple/easy, hope/expect/wish, need/lack * Children and fools have merry lives. 像儿童一样自得其乐。* Every fool will be meddling. (常用)/ It is an honour for a man to keep aloof from a strife; but every fool will be quarrelling. 远离纷争,是人的尊荣,愚妄人都爱争闹。* Fools are wise after the event。事后诸葛亮 * Fools are (held) wise as long as (they are) silent. * icon 偶像 * be capped for 被选为……队员 * tee sb. up 准备,安排 * come across, die out, leave out, talk over, pick out, turn on, stand up, die down, wait on, run into, pull through, stand by, take up, go over, turn off * 效益良好的句法 * buck sb. up 鼓励某人,使之振奋 * flunk a test 考试不及格 * take sb. to the woodshed 惩罚 * Affect, Balance, Bank, Bar * domestic duck 雌鸭, drake 公鸭, duckling 小鸭, mallard 野鸭, Prate is prate; but it is the duck that lays the eggs. 空谈是空谈;但生蛋的总是鸭子。* ducky, duck 可爱(者)(英国用法),可笑的人(美国用法)* lame duck * 落选而任期未满之议员,不能履行财政债务之股票投机者 * A dead duck 命定失败的人或事物(美语)* Not till the ducks have eaten up the dirt. 不要像鸭子那样吃食

P9:buy the farm, buy it 阵亡 * (习作练习)Social Issues Reflected in“Oliver Twist”* 怎样分辨片语动词:Keep up with the Joneses 和左邻右舍比排场比阔气,Come in/Come on in 请进 * 黄色新闻:yellow-bellied/yellow 胆小,yellow journalism 煽情、夸大、失实的新闻报刊,Yellow-dog contract 黄犬合约 * sketch, trot, improvise, swagger, scoff esteem derive habituate succumb incapacitate furnish sprinkle, thrive, entreat, trample, impede, shrug convict, dissuade, cling, stray, straggle, prompt ostracise, devastate, remedy * 关于时间的问题/想当然:in + 时间, Worshiping Buddha is none other than a kind of spiritual sustenance. 拜神只是种精神寄托。* 手提电话:Wherever a doctor cannot do good, he must be kept from doing harm. * organised, phobia, ostricised, chronic, synthesized, mania, anarchic, guarantee, pragmatic, panacea, usurped, misdemeanour * walking in darkness 黑里行走 * 多种方法巧记习语:Beat the bushes 到处寻觅/四处搜查,beat around the bush 旁敲侧击

P10:一词多义:air, arm, block * I have never let schooling interfere with my education. 不让学校教育干扰一生不断的自我教育。* 用句与段分辨动状词 * resume, consume, jeopardise, flaunt, explore, erroneous, discard, diminishing, deceptive, novel, instigate, demonstrate, perch, extol, evolution * family man/ house-husband/ New man 住家男人,新时代男人 * It is a poor family that has neither (a) whore nor (a) thief. * His hat covers his family. 未成家 * 最佳导演的剧本 * go/chase/follow after 追求 * cause, cost, crowd, curse , cure  curvedate, call, cheer, cover, cry, combclimb, cut, delay * keep, pull, wear, draw, put on a poker face 拉长着脸 * have a face as long as a fiddle, His face is made of a fiddle. 板着脸 * horse face 马面 * a Friday face, Friday look 表情严肃而忧郁 * 分词与倒装句 * look up to/respect, look down/despise, put up with/tolerate, come out with/suggest, come along with/accompany, do away with/abolish, play up to/flatter, get down to/be serious about, look back on/remember, stand up for/support, keep up with/maintain, go back on/fail to keep, fall out/quarrel, talk back to/answer rudely, face up to/accept, look forward to/expect, fill in for/replace, go in/join, clear up/become fine, cheer sb. up/make happy, hold out/last, blow up/explode, cut down/reduce, figure out/calculate, hang around/remain idle, hand down/leave behind, let up/stop, think up/invent, play down one's role/make less important, cut in/interrupt

P11:杀人无数的女作家 * 一饮而尽 * spacious, stationary, dazzling, adequate, predecessor, erected , surmount, prominent, agile, perception, assiduously, repeal, contempt * One who frequently goes too far by remaining too near. /The other woman in many a domestic triangle. * lay a duck's egg 一败涂地、彻底输了 * a couch potato 电视迷 * sightedness, prejudiced, congratulate, consecutive, yawn, conversion, extinguish, efficient, penetrate, prevent, related, acquaintance, error-prone, fragments, irritate * hypocrite 伪善者 * a/an utter/complete/sanctimonious hypocrite (about) * 在外国看西医的常用语:bring ... up/ throw up/ vomit/puke, shoot the cat 呕吐, take/run/have a (high) fever, feel feverish 发烧, have the runs 腹泻 * act, advance, answer * absent-mindedness

P12:hit the road 启程,动身 * hit the books 啃书 * hit the sack 睡 * hit the spot 多指饮品食品令人满意,切合需要 * 习作健身房:Such a Strong Woman * have an (terrible) argument with sb.,和某人争论 * Behind every argument is someone's ignorance. * 当代文法七大句型 运用文法分析句子 * 形似义异的句子 * He that walks in darkness knows not whither he goes. 黑里行走的,不知道往何处去。* cock of the walk 山头大王,霸王 * walk the chalk 检查是否醉酒驾车,划白线走路 * have a crush on sb. 爱上某人 * have eyes for 喜欢,注意,对……感兴趣 * get a kick out of sb. 见到某人很开心 * 习作健身房:My Hometown - Sichuan * Say/Cry/Yell/Scream uncle! 叫声爷叔!投降!* 《趣趣小电影》的妙言隽语, be intimate with sb. 与……有亲密(性)关系

P13:习作练习:How does the Internet Benefit Our life? * After clouds, calm weather./ After a storm comes a calm (weather)./After black clouds comes clear weather. 雨过天青 * All clouds bring no storms/rains. 世事发展未必定如预见。* Sorry与Excuse me的分别 * Excuse me?/Sorry?/Pardon me?/Run that by (me) again?/Come again? 请再说一遍 * 习作:My World in the Year 2020 * Be able to sleep on both ears. 能睡得好 * I don't sleep to all. 我并非对一切都闭目不视 * 访问诀窍:学会聆听 * 习作:Thanks, Mum * From head to toe 彻底 * Put one's heads together 集思广益 * Two heads are better than one * 英文日期表达/ 句译 * 习作:The Murderer

P14:筷子刀叉 * 中式英语与地道英语 * 习作:A Swift Revenge * Diogenes cup 一握之水 * 用《星球大战》学一词多义:trailer 预告片 * abhor/abhorrence/abhorrent 憎恶 * abolish/abolition/abolishable 废除 * abort/abortion/abortive 堕胎,挫败 * apologise/apology/apologetic/apologetically 道歉 * Have rabbit's/long/big ears耳大招风 * flea in the ear 喻责骂、申斥 * catch fleas for sb. 讨好、拍马屁 * cauliflower ear 耳朵受伤 * repairing/repairs & await/wait for * culprit/seditious/download/shanghai/platonic/forgery/compress/devour/quixotic/nimbly/intrude/warily/brazen * as promised

P15:in, on, at的区别 * 习作:My Feelings about Academic Writing * Necessity is the mother of invention. 需要乃发明之母 * Inventor of good things 良好事物的发明者 *Teacher of wit 智能的老师 * Mother of production 生产制造之母 * Hospitality is the virtue which induces us to feed and lodge certain persons who are not in need of food and lodging. 殷勤款待是劝人食宿招待不需食宿之辈的美德。* 轻易掌握文法五大句型 * 习作:My Parents' Influence on Me * The fool is most absurd when he is least foolish. /A fool is most absurd when he plays not the fool. 蠢人装聪明是最笨的事。* 股市中的dog(不好的股票)* 习作:Does the Best Exist? * Mickle head, little wit. 大而无用 * Make not mickle of little. 勿以小为大,以少为多。* Make a little make a mickle. 小做可以大成 * Talk much, err much. 言多必失 * moonlight 做兼职

P16:习作:A Friend in Trouble * anagram/scrambled word 拆字/回文游戏 * 名作家评论美国总统的口才 * absorb 吸收/absorbent/absorbing/absorption, accommodate 容纳/accommodation/accommodating, antagonise 敌对/antagonism/antagonist/antagonistic, caprice 反复无常/capricious/capriciously/capriciousness * duck soup 喻轻易的工作 * Parson's/Pope's nose 家禽臀部 * I drink only with the duck 表示只喝水 * 记忆力也分长短期 * 习作:The Teacher I Would Like To Be * A silly little girl 黄毛丫头 * chew the fat 闲聊 * Rain check 改天吧 * 习作:A Positive Influence on My Life

P17:hair grow through one's hood 喻其人之穷 * Shame is past the shed of your hair! 一个人作不知羞耻的言行 * 句型分析的重要性 * for one's own good 对某人有利 * in someone's good books 令某人喜欢 * do someone good 对某人有好处 * do someone a good turn 帮助某人 * give someone a good talking-to 强烈批评某人 * good riddance 大解脱 * have a good time 享受一番 * hold good 继续有效 * while the going is good 当情况尚好时 * make good 发奋图强 * as good as done/finished 几乎全部完成 * through someone's good offices 透过某人的鼎力襄助 * the good old days 过去的好时光 * bad blood 感情恶劣 * bad language 粗话 * in someone's bad books 令人讨厌 * come to a bad end 悲惨收场 * give someone a bad/hard time 虐待某人 * give something up as a bad job 停止做不可能的事 * go from bad to worse 越来越坏 * make the best of a bad job 在逆境中尽力而为 * in a bad way 情况不佳 * Whenever a doctor cannot do good, he must be kept from doing harm. 不可伤害 * 英文写得最好的首相 * 习作练习:There Are No Good Reasons Why Boys and Girls Should not be Treated Equally * Train up a child in the way he should go; and when he is old, he will not depart from it. 教养孩童 * 西方的迷信 * 习作练习:Practising Taekwondo * 清洁鼻子

P18:诺贝尔和平奖得主的话 * 习作练习:Don't Throw Out the Baby with the Bath Water * Do not look a gift horse in the mouth. 不对人家送的礼物多加挑剔 * 《战斗勇将》经典对白 * 习作练习:A Serious Accident * 西餐礼仪:前倾后仰 * 解疑:Anything but/ to your attention * 习作练习:Boys and Girls Should Not Be Treated Equally * small beer 小小啤酒,指规模或者格局不大的事物。自以为了不起,不是小人物的人 * 有关of的用法

P19:

seclusive 2007-10-07 17:03

美国人非常热衷于参加party。一有适当的机会,美国人就会聚在一起乐一下。因此与这些社交场合相关的俗语或习惯用语也特别丰富多彩。最常见的party有:Christmas party圣诞聚会,a birthday party生日庆祝会,a dinner party宴会,a gardenparty游园会,a welcoming party欢迎会,a housewarming party乔迁宴会等。然而,还有一些party,大家可能还不太了解。现把美国人常用的其他一些有关宴会或聚会的习惯用语介绍给大家。

stag party “雄鹿会”或“男子聚会”

stag一词的意思是“成年的公鹿”。因此,在这里指男性。stag party只限男子参加,女性一律谢绝。在stag party上,男士们主要是一起打扑克,看拳击赛或者足球赛。有时候,在新郎举行婚礼的前夜举行stag party,纪念他告别单身生活。

  We're going to have a stag party this Saturday night.
  这个星期六晚上,我们准备来一个男人的聚会。

hen party “女性聚会”

hen本来是“母鸡”的意思,在这里为俚语,指“女性”。hen party就是只有女人参加的社交性的聚会。典型的女人聚会是摆上咖啡和茶点,大家闲聊,但并不以此为限。

  I'll be home tonight to take care of the kids because Mary has a hen party with the women she went to college with. Friday it's my turn; I'm going to a stag party to play poker.
  我今晚得在家照顾孩子,因为Mary要去参加以前大学女同学的聚会。本周五就轮到我去男子聚会打扑克。

tailgate party “车尾野餐会”,又叫“球迷的场外野餐会”

stag party和hen party是男女有别的聚会,tailgate party却不分男女老幼。tailgate原是一种箱形轿车尾部的车门,它可以翻下来当桌子用。一些球迷在比赛开始前几小时把三明治、热狗或者烧烤肉类放在这张临时桌子上举行野餐。这就是tailgate party“车尾野餐会”的来历。

  We had a great tailgate party before the Washington Red Socks played the New York Yankee.
  观看华盛顿红袜队和纽约扬基队的比赛前,我们举行了一个很精彩的车尾野餐会。

bachelor party“告别独身晚会”

男性友人为即将成为新郎的人举行的晚会,通常是在结婚典礼的前夜,大家聚集在一起,通宵狂欢作乐。bachelor party是主人公独身(bachelor)时代终结的纪念会。

  The groom was late for the wedding because he drank too much at the bachelor party his friends gave for him.
  由于在朋友们为他举行的告别独身晚会中喝得太多,新郎在婚礼上迟到了。

baby shower “送礼会”

shower原意是“阵雨”的意思,在这里指baby得到大批礼物,或许是因为礼物多得像大雨中的雨点。当一个妇女怀了baby后,她的亲朋好友会聚在一起,送baby很多衣服、玩具等礼物。

  The baby shower will be held for Amy tomorrow.
  明天将给Amy举行一个送礼会。

除了以上几个欢乐聚会的习惯用语外,还有几种较为特殊的与party有关的习惯用语。

crash a party “没有请柬闯入晚会”

在美国,凡是著名人士举行的大型社交晚会,总会有一些人crash the party“没有招待券而进入社交晚会”。这是司空见惯的事,不足为奇。

  Tom claims it's easy to crash any party if you're dressed properly and look like you know what you're doing.
  汤姆声称只要衣冠楚楚,大模大样,任何社交晚会都可以混进去。

no-host party “费用分摊的社交聚会”

no-host是“没有主人”的意思。这种聚会由参加的人分摊费用,形式上有主办者,但没有担负全部费用的主人(host)。大家可分摊现金,也可各自带食品和饮料。

  No-host parties have become very popular recently.
  最近非常流行费用分摊的聚会。

  Lisa's class is going to have a no-host party tomorrow.
  丽莎的班上明天举行费用由各人分摊的聚会。

lynching party 或necktie party “由群众处的绞刑”

这里的necktie是“绞索”的意思。这种私刑是由某一群人执行,所以称为party(聚会)。这是一种讽刺性的表达方式,意思是“绞人的社交聚会”。由于在美国西部电影的对话中经常出现,所以流传甚广。

  When we catch that guy, we're going to have a necktie party.
  我们抓到那个家伙的时候,大家要对他处以绞刑。

****************

售货员以英文招呼 你该如何回答?

Can I Help You? How should you answer?

Dr医:

  我上街购物时,遇到售货员以英文招呼,我不知如何回应,觉得很尴尬。请问我该如何回答?

—读者许太太

许太太:

  当你走进一间商店,售货员招呼你时说:“Can I help you?”,意思是“我有什么可以帮你吗?”。

  你可以参考以下的答案回答对方:

  ①你需要协助时,可以回答:“Yes, please. ”(好的,麻烦你)。

  ②如果你在买衣服或鞋子,需要对方替你拿小一点或大一点的尺寸,你可以说:“Yes, please. I’d like something smaller (or bigger)”(好的,麻烦你了。我需要小一点(或大一点)的。)

  ③如果你不需要对方的协助,可以回答:“No, thanks. I’m just looking.”(不,谢谢你。我只是看看。)

  在这里,我也提出一个许多人常犯的错误。

  当朋友问你:“What are you doing today?”(你今天要做什么?),许多人会回答:“I’m going to shopping”。

  其实,这是错误的说法,正确的说法应该是:“I’m going shopping.”

  只有当你明确说出地点,指明要去什么地点购物时,你才能说:“I’m going to Takashimaya.”(我要去Takashimaya),或“I’m going to Chinatown.”(我要去牛车水)。

—Dr医答

seclusive 2007-10-15 20:57
(2003-04-15)

   向他人表示自己身体不适或生病时,可说: I don’t feel well today.(我今天觉得不舒服) I feel terrible.(我感觉很难受)

  向生病的人关心问好,可说: Are you all right?(你还好吗?) What’s the matter?(你觉得怎样?)

  进一步描述病情,可说: I’ve (I have)got a bad cold.(我得了重感冒) I’ve a splitting headache and my body aches all over.(我的头痛得很厉害,全身酸痛。) I’ve been in bed with flu (influenza) for three days.(我得了流行性感冒,已卧病在床三天了。)

  以下是一些常见的病痛,可用“I’ve got...” 表示“我有…”: I’ve got a

  cold 感冒

  sore throat 喉咙痛

  cough 咳嗽

  headache 头痛

  temperature 发烧(或可说“I have fever”)

I’ve got a flu 流行性感冒

        toothache 牙痛

        backache 背痛

        earache 耳朵痛

        tomachache 胃痛

(上述情况不需加“a”在症状前面)

  给病人提建议,可说: I think you should go home and take a rest.(我觉得你应该回家休息。)

  Why don’t you see a doctor?(你为什么不去看医生?)

  You should take some medicine and drink plenty of water.(你应该吃药并多喝水)

  注意:吃药是“take”medicine不是 “eat”medicine.

 对话练习

  A: Are you all right?

  B: No, I feel terrible! I’ve got a very bad headache! I’ve got a temperature and my body aches all over.

  A: Oh, that’s awful.

  B: And sometimes I have problem breathing and......

  A: Sounds like you have the symptoms(症状)of SARS. I think you should see a doctor immediately(立即).

  B: SARS?

  A: I think I should visit my doctor, too.

seclusive 2007-10-29 14:31
陈清霖博士,国大英语教学中心高级教研员。毕业于前南洋大学现代语言文学系,并考获英国伦敦大学校外荣誉学士学位、美国印第安纳大学语言学硕士学位、国立大学中/英翻译博士。著作丰富。

1. Deadbeat: exhausted 精疲力尽的

  Examples:

  (a) After the day's hard work, all looked deadbeat.

  (b) The long-distance runners were deadbeat as they reached their destination.

  2. Dead end, a:

  (i) a path or road which has no exit on the other side 没出口的路

  Example: Don't drive into that place; it is a dead end.

  (ii) the stage in one's work that can make no further progress.不能再进展的阶段

  Example: The aircrash investigation has reached a dead end; there is nothing new in the report.

  3. Dead-end job, a: a job with no prospects 无晋升希望的工作

  Example: Such a job is badly paid and has no good prospects. It is a dead-end job, also known as a blind-alley job.

  4. Hand something out to someone:

  give something by hand to someone 把……交给……

  Examples:

  (a) Some boys are handing out leaflets to passers-by.

  (b) Before the lecture, the lecturer handed out lecture notes to his students.

  5. Hand over someone/ something to someone: give a person or send a thing to someone 引渡某人;移交某事

  Examples:

  (a) The shopkeeper handed the petty thief over to the police.

  (b) The old man decided to hand over his business to other family members.

  6. Hand something on (to someone):

  pass something, especially information(to someone) 把消息等转达给某人

  Examples:

  (a) I have some good news to hand on. Don't you want to hear?

  (b) Could you please hand this message on to all the staff concerned?

  7. In a big way: on a large scale. 大规模的

  Example:

  They plan to organise a concert in a big way.

  8. In a bind/jam: in difficulty or trouble.陷入困境

  Examples:

  (a) After accepting two job offers from two companies, Joseph was in a bind.

  (b) Whenever his research was in a jam, he went to his supervisor for help.

  9. Judging from/by something:

  if one can see something as an indication; considering something 从某事判断

  Examples:

  (a) Judging from the bright sky, there won't be any rain today.

  (b) Judging by their dirty clothes, they must just be back from work.

  10. Judge someone/ something by appearances: base the judgement of someone / something on outside looks以貌取人,从外表看事情

  Examples:

  (a) Don't judge people by appearances, but by their actual performance.

  (b) It is safer to judge a thing by its quality, not by appearances.

  11. Of necessity: logically and necessarily 逻辑上必要地

  Example : University courses must, of necessity, be practical and useful.

seclusive 2007-10-31 16:57

1. Add up to something:

  (i) make the total of the figure.总计

  Example: All the figures add up to 500.

  (ii) amount to something; mean something.等于

  Examples: 1. With a dinner included in the cost of the ticket, it all adds up to a really good evening entertainment. 2. His long answer added up to a refusal.


2. Addicted to something:

  like something very much.沉迷于

  Examples: 1. As Kelvin is addicted to smoking, he finds it difficult to work without some cigarettes. 2. Ali is addicted to alcoholic drinks.


3. Address oneself to something:

  give one's attention to something.注意到

  Example: Whenever I do something, I address myself to it with zest.


4. Beaten road is the safest:

  the path that is well used is safe for all to go past.多人走过的路最安全

  Example: Don't take unnecessary risks. Follow what the majority has done. The beaten road is the safest.


5. Beauty is but skin deep:

  beauty is superficial.肤浅

  Example: Don't judge people by outward looks alone. Beauty is but skin deep. It may be deceptive.


6. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder:

  beauty is only a matter of opinion.美的观念人人不同

  Example: There is no objective way of saying whether a person is beautiful or not. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.


7. Carry out something:

  accomplish or finish something successfully.完成某事

  Example: With a strong will, you are sure to carry out your plan soon.


8. Carry someone/something through:

  help something to continue; bring someone safely out of difficulty.帮助完成某事、帮助某人渡过难关

  Examples: 1. Your support will carry me through. 2. They don't have enough money to carry through the big project.


9. Carry something too far:

  do something to too great a degree.做得过分

  Example: Don't make fun of the pitiable man; you have carried the joke too far.


10. Delegate someone to do something:

  appoint someone as a representative for something.委托某人做某事

  Example: The manager delegated his secretary to collect the money from the debtors.


11. Delete something from some place:

  strike something out.删除

  Example: Please delete his name from the list of participants.


12. Deliberate on/upon something:

  think very carefully and seriously about something.仔细考虑

  Example: The committee deliberated on a number of new problems.


13. Eat someone out of house and home:

  eat more than one's host can provide.把某人吃穷

  Example: Those greedy kids have eaten Mr Lin out of house and home.


14. Eavesdrop on someone:

  overhear the conversation of someone. 窃听

  Example: Some office staff have been eavesdropping on their manager.


15. Eavesdroppers never hear any good of themselves:

  it is not advisable to be too curious or inquisitive.偷听话的人听不到自己的好话

  Example: Don't be too interested in listening to people's conversations, as what you hear about yourselves will be uncomplimentary. Eavesdroppers never hear any good of themselves.

seclusive 2007-11-01 16:53
1. Above/over one's head: too difficult for someone to understand. 难以理解

  Example: What John had said was well above my head; he should have made his speech simpler and clearer.

  2. Above oneself: self-satisfied; conceited.

  得意忘形;自高自大

  Example: Peter was above himself after he was promoted to a higher position.

  3. Above/below par: at a price higher/lower than the original value. (价格)在票面价值或标准以上/以下

  Examples: (1) Most of the good shares are expensive and above par now.

  (2) When the market is bad, it is possible to purchase the stock at a price below par.

  4. Back-seat driver, a/the:

  (i) the bossy person in a car who always tells the driver what to do. 对司机胡乱指点的乘客

  Example: Most of us disliked the back-seat driver who was too arrogant.

  (ii) a person who repeatedly gives advice without being asked for it. 自动乱给劝告的人

  Example: Let the officer-in-charge handle the matter; don't be nosey like a back-seat driver.

  5. Backstairs influence/talk: secret or indirect influence/talk. 秘密或间接的影响或谈话

  Examples: (1) I think his wife has backstairs influence on his decisions.

  (2) It is discourteous to have this type of backstairs talk about the new manager.

  6. Bad blood between one person and another: ill-feeling between two persons. 仇恨;厌恶

  Example: The unfair distribution of the father's assets caused the bad blood between the two siblings.

  7. Calculate on/upon (doing)something:depend on (doing)something. 指望;依靠

  Examples: (1) We calculate on making an early start in this matter.

  (2) Don't calculate upon the weather being fine for tomorrow's basketball match.

  8. Call a spade a spade: say exactly what you mean. 直言不讳

  Example: I am a frank person often calling a spade a spade. Hope you don't mind.

  9. Cocoon someone from/against something: keep someone in a protective covering. 盖在保护层里

  Example: It may not be a good thing to cocoon one's child from the realities of a cruel life.

  10. Dark horse, a: a person of unknown abilities and may spring a surprise. 黑马(有本事而深藏不露的人)

  Example: No one expected him to run very fast, but he proved to be a dark horse this time and won the race.

  11. Dash off: (i) write hurriedly. 匆匆地写

  Example: Dan dashed off a letter to his friend while waiting for the plane at the airport.

  (ii) leave or move away in a hurry. 猛冲

  Example: It is late now; I must dash off to the bus stop before the last bus leaves.

  12. Half the battle: a large part of the work. 至关重要的一部分(工作)

  Example: To know your faults and decide to correct them can be half the battle of self-improvement.

  13. Hallmark of something, a: a typical feature of something. 某事的特征

  Example: Conciseness in wording is a hallmark of good writing.

  14. Hammer away at something: keep working on something. 努力做某事

  Example: No matter how, we have to hammer away at the problem until we get it solved.

  15. Ideal for: very suitable for. 理想的;最合适的

  Example: Good picture dictionaries are ideal for preschool children.

  16. Identical to something: exactly alike. 与某事相同

  Example: On the phone, your voice is almost identical to your elder sister's.

  17. Import something to someone/something: give something, usually a quality, to someone/something. 传达

  Example: The pepper and the herbal spice have imported a special flavour to the soup.

  18. Join hands (with someone):

  (i) hold someone's hands, e.g. while dancing. 携手

  Example: Boys and girls joined hands and danced for 10 minutes.

  (ii) unite with someone. 联合

  Example: The government has to join hands with the people to combat all forms of social injustice.

  19. Join in something: take part in something. 参与某事

  Example: In the get-together last night, all of us joined in the sing-song.

  20. Of two evils choose the lesser: pick the evil that is less serious or harmful. 两害取其小和轻的

  Example:

  X: Do you want to walk to the shop which is not very far away or ask Su, who has just got her driving licence to give you a lift?

  Y: I choose to walk. Of two evils choose the lesser.

  21. Patch up: (i) mend something quickly. 迅速修补

  Example: The worker patched up the roof with pieces of tiles and water-proof plastic.

  (ii) Settle a quarrel, etc. 解决纷争

  Examples: (1) The two friends soon patched up their disagreement.

  (2) It is time we patch up our quarrel with our neighbours.

  22. Pave the way for something: make it easy or possible for something to happen. 为……铺路

  Examples: (1) The peace treaty paves the way for lasting co-existence between the two countries concerned.

  (2) People's desire for freedom paved the way for a nation's struggle for independence and actual sovereignty.

seclusive 2007-11-02 12:38
“头”是身体上主要的器官,高高在上,因此与“头”有关的惯用语,虽然不是很多,但不能不懂。

  (1) Above one's head: 不能理解“Can you simplify the technicalities of laser printing which are still above my head?

  (2) Go off one's head: 发疯“If you expect all your staff to work overtime during a festive season, you must be off your head.”

  (3) Come to a head: 达到摊牌阶段“The couple cannot get along well. If things come to a head, they may be forced to get divorced.

  (4) From head to toe: 从头到脚“Mike must have played in the rain, as he was covered with mud from head to toe.

  (5) Have a head for figures: 数学好“I don't think I can help you with the accounts; I have never had a head for figures.”

  (6) Have a head start: 起步比人快“As a bilingual, Jason has a head start on other competitors.”

  (7) Have one's head in the clouds 与实际情况脱节“Although Susan is idealistic at times, she has not got her head in the clouds.

  (8)Have one's head screwed on the right way 必须理智和清醒“Since he has his head screwed on the right way, he is likely to succeed in the new business.”

  (9)Head over heels: 完全地;彻底地 Bob came across Lily on an overseas trip and fell head over heels in love with her.

  (10) Keep a cool head:保持冷静“No matter what you do, it won't be wrong for you to keep a cool head.”

  (11) Keep one's head above water 避免负债.“In any business, if you can keep your head above water in the first one to two years, you will make money afterwards.”

  (12) Lose one's head 失去控制“Seeing his friend falling into the river, Irene lost her head and shouted for help.”

  (13) Make no head or tail of.....: 对……不知所云“The speaker talked so fast that many could make no head or tail of his lecture.”

  (14) Put...into someone's head: 向……提供意见 “Nancy has been thinking of working in an underdeveloped foreign country. I don't know who has put such an odd idea into her head.”

  (15) Use One's head: 动动脑筋:“Don't keep asking people to help solve problems for you! Use your head, please!”

  (16) Put our/ your /their heads together: 大家一起商量“In the face of such a problem, let us put our heads together to find a good way out.”

  (17)Head and shoulders above...: 胜过……“This book by Jason is head and shoulders above many other books on the same subject.”

  (18)Hit the nail on the head: 做得恰到好处;说得对极了“The other day, you said that there would be an increase in social issues; you really hit the nail on the head!” 

seclusive 2007-11-02 12:53
不管是从句法或修辞角度看,词语的搭配,都占有重要位置,不可不察。

  一般来说,下列这些场合中的词语要配合好,句子的结构才会和谐,词语才会相称:

  ① 主语—动词

  ② 动词—宾语

  ③ 修饰语—词类

  ④ 形容词—名词

  ⑤ 副词—动词

  ⑥ 形容词分句—先行词

  词语的搭配,对学习中英文的人来说尤其重要,因为中英文在词语的搭配上有同有异。例如英语同一个动词“wear”,可以和不同的名词宾语搭配,如:WEAR+shoes/ clothes/ spectacles等。中文就不行;中文的“穿”只能和“衣鞋”连用,“眼镜”就要改为“戴”了。

  再举“cut”为例。英语里可以说“CUT+ grass/ finger-nails/ a tooth/ prices/ a stone figure/ a record”。在中文里“cut”(割)只能和“草”连用;其他的名词宾语,就需要别的动词,如:剪指甲、出/长牙齿、减价、雕刻石像、灌录唱片。

  同样道理,中文里同一个动词,英语里却需要不同动词,如:

  “风萧萧、雨萧萧、马萧萧、树萧萧”——the wind whistled, the rain pattered, the horse neighed, the tree murmured.

  在英语的错误中,词语的搭配不是严重的一类,但也时有出现。例如①a里的动词“harmed”和主语“houses”不合;②a里的宾语“knowledge”及“experience”和动词“exercise”格格不入;③a里的修饰语“upset”和被修饰的名词“eyes”很不相称。把它们改为①b、②b和③b之后,词语间的搭配就很顺畅了:

  ①a. Many houses in the low-lying area were harmed by the floods.

   b. Many houses in the low-lying area were damaged by the floods.

  ②a. This will give you an opportunity to exercise your knowledge and experience.

   b. This will give you an opportunity to use/ make use of your knowledge and experience.

  ③a. Upset by the thick smoke, Susan's eyes were filled with tears.

   b. Irritated by the thick smoke, Susan's eyes were filled with tears.

   现在请看看下列各句,其中都有个不相称的词语,改正后,才顺口:

  ④ The authorities preferred to educate dog owners rather than jeopardise them for every little transgression. (penalise/punish)

  ⑤ Anyone charged with skyrocketing a political regime will be severely dealt with. (dismantling/disintegrating)

  ⑥ Weapons easily become slipshod and the need to acquire new arms can be very ruinous to national coffers. (obsolete/outmoded)

  ⑦ Good health is especically vital to old people who are prone to anticipatory diseases. (degenerative)

  ⑧ Some people are sanguine about the situation and think that the scandal would soon blow over without severe misery of the present political system. (dislocation/dysfunction)

seclusive 2007-11-02 13:01
动名词就是带“-ing”的动词,具名词功能。有些动名词,用得久了,渐渐失去动词的作用,而转化为完整的名词。例如:

1. That painting is very impressive.

2. Are you working in that building.

  1. 里的“painting”和2. 里的“building”都是完整的名词;“painting”约等于“picture”、“building”和“mansion”相似。

  此外,有些转化名词具有动名词没有的特性。第一、有单复数;第二、有修饰语,如beautiful painting、big buildings。

  动名词还保存着动词某些特色,转化为完整的名词之后,动名词的性质和名词相同。

  动名词有哪些动词特色呢?

  首先,可以有宾语,如:

3. Reading novels is a real joy.

4. Collecting stamps becomes a fashion.

5. We cannot help admiring such a kind-hearted person.

6. Not many people like giving public lectures.

  “Novels, stamps, such a kind-hearted person, public lectures”各有自己的动名词“reading, collecting, admiring, giving”。如果动名词没有动词的功能,怎能有上述宾语呢?带“-ing”的名词就没有这种语法功能。

  其次,动名词可以和动词修饰语连用, 而且还可有被动语态。带“-ing”的名词,就不可能如此。

例如:

7. Reading silently is eveyone's habit.

8. Some pupils were warned against talking loudly.

9. Jason would not mind working with female colleagues.

10. Being selected Chairman of the party made him feel proud.

11. Tony does not like being laughed at.

  7-9里的动词修饰语都在修饰前头的动名词;10-11里的动名词都是被动语态。

  最后,动名词在多个动词句型中出现,如下列的“go, come, get, set”等动词就常和动名词连用:

12. Noelle and her friends go swimming every week.

13. When do they usually go shopping?

14. Would you come skiing with the kids?

15. Isn't it time to get the plan going?

16. What sets them quarrelling from time to time?

  此外,下列这些动词也常和动名词组成动词句型:

17. The boy admitted stealing the book.

18. Don't forget handing in your homework in due course.

19. Would you mind taking me to the bus stop?

20. Jason cannot bear being cruel to the weak.

21. Nancy said that she regretted doing such a thing.

22. You must continue trying until you succeed.

23. Many young people enjoy watching sports and games.

24. Can't you avoid walking on my garden?

25. We all hate cheating, don't we?

  综上所述,动名词和带“-ing”的名词虽然形式相同,但是特色有异,语法功能也跟着有所不同了。

seclusive 2007-11-03 10:25
1. Delusions of grandeur: the belief that one is important or powerful. 自以为重要或有权势的幻念

Example: 1. Arrogant Tony seemed to have suffered from delusions of grandeur.

2. Deluged with something: filled or covered with something. 充满

Examples: 1. The speaker was deluged with questions from the audience.

 2. Jim's company was deluged with orders for its new products.

3. Educated guess: a guess based on knowledge or past experience. 凭知识或经验的猜测

Example: I don't know the exact price of a big car from Italy, but at an educated guess, I would say it should be more expensive than a Japanese car.

4. Egg someone on (to do something): encourage someone strongly, especially to do something wrong. 怂恿

Examples: 1. He wouldn't have thrown the stone if his friends hadn't egged him on.

  2. She egged her husband on to quit the job and start his own business.

5. Either way/in either case: in one case or the other. 任何一种情况

Example: One can get there by air or by sea, but either way, it is a long journey.

6. Eke out something: cause a small supply to last longer by adding something else with special reference to one's income. 补足

Example: A person with big expenses may be forced to eke out his income by doing some extra work.

7. Fall into disuse: in a state of no longer being used. 废而不用

Example: The small airport could not cope with the increasing demands and gradually fell into disuse.

8. Fall into oblivion: become forgotten. 遗忘

Example: No matter how wonderful a person is, after his death, his name will quickly fall into oblivion.

9. Fall off: become smaller in number or amount. 数量减少

Example: The demand for new cars has suddenly fallen off.

10. Fall through: (of plans, etc.) fail. 失败

Example: For some reasons, their plan to visit Europe fell through.

11. Fan out: spread out in the shape of a fan. 散开

Example: The crowd fanned out across the green field.

seclusive 2007-11-03 10:39
1. Abandon oneself to something
  — allow onself to be completely controlled by something, especially passions or impulses.
  — 完全屈服于……;陷入……
  Example: Tom tried and tried but failed again and again. Finally, he abandoned himself to despair.

2. Abase oneself
  — make oneself humble.
  — 降低自己的身分
  Example: In ancient times, people of low social status often abased themselves in the presence of an influential or powerful person.

3. Abide by something
  — observe or follow something.
  — 遵守某事
  Example: When you play a game, you must abide by the rules and regulations concerned.

4. Back a/the wrong horse
  — put one's faith in someone who later loses or something which fails.
  — 下错了赌注;支持输家
  Example: The manager backed a wrong horse by giving the much-coveted job to Jack, who turned out to have a criminal record.

5. Back away (from doing something)
  — move away (from doing something) because of dislike or fear.
  — 因害怕或厌恶而后退
  Examples: 1. The cat backed away as the stranger raised his hand to hit it. 2. In the face of strong opposition, the government has backed away from increasing taxes.

6. Call forth/out something
  — cause something to be seen or used.
  — 使某事物出现;引出某事物
  Examples: 1. Lily's outward appearance was so attractive that it called forth admiration from every man in the office. 2. Difficulties in life may call out a person's good qualities not easily seen in good life.

7. Call in someone/something
  — ask someone to come.
  — 请某人来
  Example: Please call in my family doctor.
  — request the return of something.
  — 下令收回某物
  Examples: 1. The banks have called in all the old one-dollar notes. 2. A Japanese car maker has called in some cars with engine faults.

8. Dab hand at (doing) something, a
  — clever at (doing) something.
  — (做)某事的能手
  Example: As Susan is a dab hand at interior design, let her decorate the new apartment for you.

9. Dabble in something
  — play with water by moving one's hands and feet about.
  — 涉水
  Example: The children enjoyed dabbling in the river water after the rain.
  — do things in a half-serious manner.
  — 涉猎;浅尝辄止
  Example: Sean does not like stamp-collection but only dabbles in it at his leisure.

10. Had better
  — it would be wise to.
  — 最好
  Example: You had better go home before rain comes.

11. Haggle over/about something
  — argue in an attempt to fix a price on something.
  — 讨价还价
  Examples: 1. Mrs Li haggled with the storekeeper over the goods she was buying. 2. I seldom haggled about the food price when I found it reasonable.

seclusive 2007-11-03 10:51
1. I beg to differ.
  — I don't agree with you.
  — 恕我不能赞同

  Example: You may think that John should be offered the job, but I beg to differ. John has no practical experience and is not highly motivated.

2. I/You bet.
  — I am/ you are sure.
  — 我敢肯定;你可确信

  Examples: 1.The weather is fine. I bet it won't rain.
       2. You bet I'll arrive at the airport before everyone else.

3. Jack-in-the-box, a
  — a person who fidgets or does not sit still.
  — 盒中的玩偶;比喻一个人静不下来

  Example: “Boy! Sit properly! Don't jump up and down like a jack-in-the-box.”

4. Jack of all trades is master of none, a
  — person who can do many different kinds of work may not be good at any of them.
  — 博而不精的人

  Example: This chap repaired the television and installed the air-conditioner all in one day, but none of the work he did seemed reliable. Isn't he a jack of all trades, master of none?

5. Oblivious of/to something
  — unaware of something; not noticing something.
  — 未觉察某事;不注意某事

  Example: What is wrong with James? He seems completely oblivious of what has happened here.

6. Odd man/one out, an
  — a person or thing different from a group or left out of it.
  — 与众不同的人或物

  Examples: 1. You had better learn to use a computer if you don't want to be an odd man out.
      2. Look at the watch on the dining table! It is an odd one out.

7. Pack of lies, a
  — something that is completely untrue.
  — 一派胡言

  Example: Don't listen to him! His story is a pack of lies.

8. Pack someone off (to some place)
  — send someone away, usually quickly and without wasting time.
  — 迅速打发某人

  Example: The mother could not allow the children to sleep late, so she packed them off to bed at about 10p.m.

9. Qualify as someone/for something
  — show that one is suitable for a profession, reaches a a standard, etc.
  — 具……的资格;合格于……

  Examples: 1. After years of hard work, Judie has qualified as a dentist.
       2. Our school is sure to qualify for the regional English debating competition.

10. Quarrel with one's bread and butter
  — dislike the work by which one earns one's living.
  — 和自己的生计过不去

  Example: If you are against the authorities, you are quarrelling with your bread and butter and your family will be in trouble.

11. Race against time/a race against time
  — hurry to do something before a certain time.
  — 尽快工作,按时完成

  Examples: 1. Being late, you have to race against time to finish the work by 5 p.m.
       2. I try to get this assignment done by Monday, but it will be a race against time.

seclusive 2007-11-04 14:00
① Abide by the consequences
   — endure the result
   — 忍受不良后果

   Example: If you insist on going to such a dangerous place, no other person but you have to abide by the consequences.

② Able to/can take something
   — (often in the negative) able to face something sad, etc. without being weakened; able to endure something
   — 能承受不好的事

   Examples: ① Don't mind about rugged life there. I am able to take it. ② Please stop speaking so loudly! I am not able to take it any more. ③ Go ahead hitting him. He can take it. ④ I don't think Nancy can take any more bad news.

③ Abound in/with something
   — have plenty of something
   — 有很多……

   Examples: ① Our neighbouring countries abound in natural resources. ② That dirty man's hair seems to have abounded with fleas.

④ Back down
   — retract; withdraw charges, claims, etc.
   — 放弃对某事的要求等

   Example: For the sake of national unity, even those who have good reasons to complain have decided to back down.

⑤ Back on to something
   — have the back next to something, especially with reference to a house
   — 背向

   Example: The rich man's bungalow backs on to a hill while facing a beautiful lake.

⑥ Call it a day
   — stop work or cease activities
   — 停止工作或活动

   Example: It is quite late now. Let's call it a day and go home.

⑦ Call off something
   — cancel something
   — 取消某事

   Example: They called off the soccer match because of heavy rain.

   — stop something
   — 停止某事

   Example: As there was no hope of finding the escaped prisoner, the police decided to call off the search until some time later.

⑧ Dally about
   — be slow and waste time
   — 慢而浪费时间

   Example: Don't go on dallying about or we will be late for the film show.

⑨ Dally with something
   — think about something in an idle manner
   — 不认真考虑某事

   Example: The shy young man has been dallying with the idea of asking June to marry him.

⑩ Dam up something
   — control something; hold back something
   — 抑制某事

   Example: Listening to the sad story, many girls were touched but they tried to dam up their tears.

⑾ Hail-fellow-well-met with someone
   — overfriendly with someone
   — 对人十分友好

   Example: David is always hail-fellow-well-met with every person he knows. No wonder he has many nodding acquaintances.

seclusive 2007-11-04 14:09
① Hail someone or something as someone else/something else
  — recognise or welcome someone/something as someone else/something else.
  — 热情地承认某事或招呼某人

  Examples: ① Because of having a good voice, Sharon has been hailed as singing queen in her school. ② The recent scientific discovery was hailed as breakthrough.

② I couldn't agree more
  — I agreed completely.
  —(与某人意见)完全一致

  Example: A: I think our country is well-developed.
      B: I couldn't agree more.

③ I dare say
  — I suppose.
  — 我相信;可能

  Example: In your quarrel with Jason this time, I dare say you were in the wrong.

④ I hate to disturb/bother/trouble you, but...
  — I am sorry for disturbing/bothering/troubling you, but...
  — 我不愿麻烦你,但……

  Example: I hate to bother you when you are so busy, but there is something important I have to tell you before it is too late.

⑤ Jack up
  — lift with a jack.
  — 顶起

  Example: You have to jack up your car before you can remove the tyre.

  — (of prices) increase.
  — 增加;提高

  Example: During festive seasons, some shops have jacked up the prices of some goods.

⑥ Oddities and absurdities
  — something odd and absurd.
  — 稀奇古怪

  Example: Sometimes, we have to accept the oddities and absurdities of certain aspects of a language which cannot be logically explained.

⑦ Odds and ends
  — small objects of different kinds.
  — 琐碎物品

  Example: Where there are children, there are odds and ends lying here and there.

⑧ Pack up
  — stop doing something.
  — 不再做某事;放弃……

  Example: It is late now. Let's pack up and go to bed.

⑨ Packed like sardines
  — pressed very tightly together.
  — 拥挤(如罐中的沙丁鱼)

  Example: The bus was full of passengers who were packed like sardines.

⑩ Queue up (for something)
  — stand in a queue.
  — 排队等候

  Examples: ① People queue up one after another outside the theatre. ② All have to queue up for tickets for the musical concert.

⑾ Quibble about/at something or a quibble over something
  — argue about small unimportant points.
  — 因小事而争论

  Examples: ① Don't quibble with her about the money. ② She quibbled at the small price. ③ There was a quibble over a few dollars.

seclusive 2007-11-04 14:19
With是个介词,基本的意思是“用”,但它也可以协助构成极为多采多姿的句型,在句子中起两种作用:副词与形容词。

  with在下列结构中起副词作用:

  1.“with+宾语+现在分词或短语”,如:

  (1) This article deals with common social ills, with particular attention being paid to vandalism.

  2.“with+宾语+过去分词或短语”,如:

  (2) With different techniques used, different results can be obtained.

  (3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.

  3.“with+宾语+形容词或短语”,如:

  (4) With so much water vapour present in the room, some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.

  (5) Every night, Helen sleeps with all the windows open.

  4.“with+宾语+介词短语”,如:

  (6) With the school badge on his shirt, he looks all the more serious.

  (7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.

  5.“with+宾语+副词虚词”,如:

  (8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.

  (9) How can you lock the door with your guests in?

  上面五种“with”结构的副词功能,相当普遍,尤其是在科技英语中,更是如此。

  接着谈“with”结构的形容词功能,有下列五种:

  一、“with+宾语+现在分词或短语”,如:

  (10) The body with a constant force acting on it. moves at constant pace.

  (11) Can you see the huge box with a long handle attaching to it ?

  二、“with+宾语+过去分词或短语”

  (12) Throw away the container with its cover sealed.

  (13) Atoms with the outer layer filled with electrons do not form compounds.

  三、“with+宾语+形容词或短语”,如:

  (14) Put the documents in the filing container with all the drawers open.

  四、“with+宾语+介词短语”,如:

  (15) The young lady with a red ribbon on her head is my former maths teacher.

  (16) Do you know the gentleman with both hands in his pockets?

  五、“with+宾语+副词虚词,”如:

  (17) Is there any water in the kettle with this cover off ?

  (18) Out went the boy scouts with their uniforms on.

seclusive 2007-11-05 08:46
(1) About average
    — no better or no worse than others.
    — 符合一般水平

    Example: Some staff's performance is about average. They have never proved better.

 (2) About time
    — the appropriate time.
    — 差不多到时候了

    Example: You have been working for quite a while. It's about time you had a new car.

 (3) About to
    — ready to
    — 即将;正要

    Example: We were about to go out when it suddenly rained.

 (4) Back to back
    — with the back facing the other.
    — 背靠背

    Example: Stand back to back, boys! Let me see who is the tallest.

 (5) Back to front
    — with the back placed where the front should be.
    — 前后颠倒

    Example: You got your pullover on back to front.

    — thoroughly
    — 透彻地

    Example: All the people here know the government's major policies back to front.

 (6) Back up someone/something
    — support someone/something.
    — 支持某人/某事

    Example: ① No matter how, we should back up our most respected representative.
        ② Some new evidence backed up the prosecutor's argument.

 (7) Call on/upon someone
    — visit someone
    — 访问某人

    Example: When are we going to call on our new neighbours?

 (8) Call on/upon someone to do something
    — invite someone to speak, etc.
    — 邀请

    Example: Without further ado, let me call upon our distinguished guest to speak to us.

    — appeal to someone to act.
    — 恳求;促使

    Example: In times of difficulties, we will have to call on the public to make donations.

 (9) Call out someone
    — order officially.
    — 召唤

    Example: During the riot, the chief of police had to call out the riot police to restore law and order.

 (10) Damp(en) something down
    — make a fire burn less strongly.
    — 使火燃烧缓慢下来

    Example: It was a moonlit night, so the campers dampened down the fire.

    — control and reduce something; suppress something.
    — 抑制;减弱

    Example: ① Some boys were over-zealous and we had to damp down their enthusiasm.
        ② Lack of support has damped down political dissidents' activities.

 (11) Dance attendance on/upon someone
    — do what someone wants without asking.
    — 侍候某人,听其差遣

    Example: The manageress sat still, expecting everyone to dance attendance on her.

seclusive 2007-11-05 08:57
(1) Halcyon days
   — times of undisturbed peace and happiness.
   — 太平幸福的日子

   Example: When people grow older, they long for halcyon days more than anything else.

 (2) Hale and hearty
   — strong and healthy
   — 健壮的

   Example: In spite of old age, Mr Lin is still hale and hearty.

 (3) Half a loaf is better than no bread
   — we should be thankful for what we have, even if the amount is not as much as expected.
   — 少量比完全没有好

   Example: Dr Huang applied for a week's leave, but was given three days. Half a loaf is better than no bread.

 (4) I hate to mention it, but...
   — May I remind you that...
   — 让我提醒你

  Example: I hate to mention it, but you still haven't given me your annual report.

 (5) I would be the first/ last person to...
   — I am very willing/ unwilling to do something.
   — 我很愿意/很不愿意做某事

   Examples: ① If you ask me for assistance, I would be the first person to volunteer.
   ② I assure you I would be the last person to commit a crime.

 (6) Jealous of someone/something
   — envious of someone/something
   — 妒忌某人/某事

   Examples: ① Why is she so jealous of her successful colleagues?
   ② It is wrong to be jealous of your friends' accomplishments.

 (7) Jeer at someone
   — laugh or shout disrespectfully at someone
   — 嘲笑

   Example: The spectators jeered at the team for playing dreadfully.

 (8) Odds are that, the...
   — the likelihood is that...
   — 可能

   Example: Nobody knows what the pay rise will be like, but the odds are that it will be about 5%.

 (9) Of great/ some/ no account
   — of great/ some/ no importance.
   — 很/有些/不重要

   Examples: ① All political leaders must be persons of great account.
   ② To the manager, the secretary is a staff member of some account.
   ③ Don't worry about that matter; it is of no account.

 (10) Palm something off on someone/palm someone off with something
   — get rid of an undesirable thing by giving, selling, etc. it to someone else; get rid of someone by giving, selling him something.
   — 劝说别人接受自己不喜欢的事物;打发不喜欢的人

   Examples: ① His 10-year-old car was always breaking down, so he was forced to palm it off on his honest friend.
   ② The shopkeeper was so tired of the talkative woman that he palmed her off with something of poor quality.

 (11) Raise one's eyebrows (at something)
   — lift one's eyebrows to show surprise or doubt (of something).
   — 表示惊讶或疑惑

   Examples: ① Some foreigners' bold remarks against the authorities raised everyone's eyebrows.
   ② The people raised their eyebrows at the discontinuity of some excellent staff's teaching contracts.

seclusive 2007-11-05 09:10
在英语里,”as”这个词神通广大,有各种用法,下面便是其中九种:

一、用作介词。例如:

  (1) As the new manager of the company, Wilcox assured the staff that he would work for the benefits of the company.

  (2) The scenery here is beautiful as a picture.


二、用作表示“程度”的副词。例如:

  (3) You have performed well. Other students' performance is as good.


三、用作从属连词,引导“比较”副词从句。例如:

  (4) The friendship between us is as strong as a rock.

  (5) Can our runners run as fast as they used to?


四、用作从属连词,引导“时间”副词从句。例如:

  (6) As the new teacher entered the classroom, the pupils clapped their hands.

  (7) Alex caught sight of Nancy as she was getting on the bus.


五、用作从属连词,引导“方式”副词从句。例如:

  (8) You may act as you think fit.

  (9) It is safer for you to do as you are told.

  这些由"as"引导的从句可以节缩,如:

  (10) It is safer for you to do as told.

  (11) The meeting will be held as (it has been) scheduled.

  (12) The weather here is not mild as (it is) in your country.


六、用作从属连词,引导“原因”副词从句。例如

  (13) As the weather is fine, let's go fishing.

  (14) We helped Tony, as he was a good man.


七、用作从属连词,引导“让步”副词从句。例如:

  (15) Improbable as it seems, he is now Managing Director.

  (16) Young as Sam is, he has performed his task creditably.


八、用作关系代词,引导形容词从句。例如:

  (17) Is this the same thing as you showed me before?

  (18) You can visit such places as you want to.

  注意,”as”之前有”the same”或”such”和它挂钩。


九、协助组成短语与句型。例如:

  (19) So as to: They departed early so as to reach the airport early.

  (20) We have touched on the basic issues. As for thorny problems, let's look into them later.

  (21) As long as you work hard, you will make it.

  (22) I'll help you as best I can.

  (23) Maria's idea is not so much a solution as a proposal to sound out our views on the project.

seclusive 2007-11-06 08:50
(1) Above all
    — most importantly
    — 最重要的;尤其

    Example: A successful person must be learned, healthy and, above all, diligent.

 (2) Above average
    — above the ordinary standard
    — 在一般水平以上

    Example: Helen's school work is above average; she is better than the majority of her classmates.

  (3) Above criticism/ suspicion
    — someone or something that cannot be criticised/ suspected
    — 无可批评/怀疑

   Examples: ① Most of the artist's paintings were so well painted that they were above criticism.
        ② For the sake of dignity, judges ought to be above suspicion.

  (4) Back-breaking task/work, a
    — a demanding or exhausting task or work
    — 使人筋疲力尽的工作

    Example: Digging the hard soil in the garden under the hot sun is really a back-breaking task.

  (5) Backfire on someone
    — have an unexpected effect opposite to the effect intended
    — 产生出乎意料以及事与愿违的结果

    Example: John's new scheme backfired on him and he lost a lot of money.

  (6) Backroom boy, a/the
    — a person whose work is important but secret
    — 在幕后默默工作的人

    Example: The factory-expansion project has been a great success, but we should not forget the backroom boy who has played an important part.

  (7) Call someone names
    — insult someone by applying rude names
    — 侮辱某人

    Example: They keep calling him names by shouting things like "Big head!" and "Four eyes!".

  (8) Call someone to account
    — demand an explanation from someone
    — 要求某人解释某事

    Example: The officer called a soldier to account for not saluting him.

  (9) Call something in(to) question
    — raise doubts about something
    — 怀疑某事物

    Examples: ① Tom's inability to do work efficiently called into question his suitability for being promoted to a higher position.
        ② The government's good intentions have sometimes been called in question.

  (10) Darby and Joan
    — devoted elderly couple
    — 恩爱的老年夫妇

    Example: Eric and Irene have been so devoted to each other since their marriage 35 years ago that they are described as "Darby and Joan".

  (11) Dare someone to do something (dangerous)
    — challenge someone to do something dangerous
    — 激某人做某事(危险的事);挑战

    Example: We dared our timid friend, Kelvin, to spend a night near the graveyard.

seclusive 2007-11-06 08:58
1. Half an eye
— a quick look 一看就明白

  Example: The new teacher could see with half an eye that Jim was going to have trouble with some boys who disagreed with him.

2. Half-and-half
  — as much one thing as the other
  — 不好也不坏;差强人意的

  Example: That much-publicised movie was neither good nor bad; it was just half-and-half.

3. Half-baked idea
  — an idea that has not been properly thought out
  — 考虑不周的念头

  Example: I don't think it wise to adopt his half-baked idea unless it is further developed.

4. I would if I could but I can't
  — I would like to do something worthwhile, but I am unable to
  — 我很想做某事但不能

  Example: X: Marry me while there is still time.
      Y: I would if I could but I can't. I have a good boy friend.

5. I wouldn't say no
  — I would readily agree
  — 我一定同意/答应

  Example: - Have another cup of beer, OK?
  - Well, I wouldn't say no.

6. Jib at doing something
  — be unwilling to do something
  — 不肯做某事

  Example: I don't mind mopping the floor, but I jib at cleaning the walls.

7. Join/ combine forces (with someone)
  — come together for a common purpose
  — 与某人联合以达到共同的目的

  Examples: 1. The two immediate neighbouring countries have joined forces to fight their common enemy.
       2. We must combine forces with the new friends to set up the tent.

8. Of high calibre
  — of top quality
  — 质量或能力高

  Example: A good government places only people of high calibre in key positions.

9. Of no/ little avail
  — of no/ little use
  — 没有一点儿/只有小小用处

  Examples: 1. Janet tried hard, but her efforts were of little avail.
      2. The U.S. advised the two hostile countries not to use force, but the advice was of no avail.

10. Parting of the ways, a
  — the point where the road divides
  — 一分为二的地方;三岔路口

  Example: The two tourists stood undecided at a parting of the ways.

  — a deciding point
  — 须在两者之间抉择的关键

  Example: Kenneth has come to a parting of the ways: going to work or continuing with the study?

11. Pat someone on the back/ give someone a pat on the back
  — clap lightly on someone's back for praise, support, etc.
  — 轻拍某人表示赞扬、鼓励等

  Examples: 1. The basketball coach patted every player on the back with a smile.
       2. Jason, our lecturer, gave each of us a pat on the back and uttered a few encouraging words.

seclusive 2007-11-06 09:11
每天都要经历的“日”和“夜”与惯用语的关系也很密切,下列例句足以为证:

  (1)All night long: 整夜

Some stores stay open all night long.


  (2)Call it a day: 一天工作完毕

Every day, we have class from 9am and will call it a day at 4.30pm.


  (3)Day after day: 每天

Schooling could be very boring, as the students do the same things day after day.


  (4)Day in day out: 一天又一天

Henry wears the same old jeans day in day out. Isn't he going to buy some new clothes ?


  (5)For a rainy day: 为困难的日子作准备

When a person gets older, he will realise the importance of saving for a rainy day.


  (6)In this day and age: 在现在这时代

In this day and age, no one can expect to get something out of nothing.


  (7)Have an off day: 不大成功或顺利的一天

Tom did not do well in yesterday's test. He considered him unlucky euough to have an off day.


  (8)The order of the day: 一般的惯例

In a petroleum station here, payment by credit card is the order of the day.


  (9)The other day: 几天前

I bumped into an old friend the other day.


  (10)To this day: (指日期)准确地

It is 40 years to this day that I left university.


  (11)Have seen better days: 曾经历过好日子

Palmer was departmental head in that university before he came here. He has seen better days.


  (12)Some day: 将来

Everyone hopes to be great some day.


  (13)One's days are numbered: 末日将临:

Under computerisation, unskilled workers become redundant. Their days in a company are numbered.


  (14)Carry the day: 胜利的一天

Our team lost at first, but later, it carried the day with two goals to one.


  (15)Someone's day: 幸运的一天

Jim was promoted. Furthermore, he was given a performance bonus yesterday. It was his day.


  (16)Take a day off: 休息一天

Janet was unwell and took a day off.


  (17)Have a night out: 夜间出去消遣

It's time to have a change. We must have a night out at the weekend.


  (18)A night owl: 迟迟不睡者

The moment Jack entered the university, he was a night owl.


  (19)At the dead of night: 深夜

Our managerial officers attended the emergency meeting at the dead of night.


  (20) Save the day: 使情况变佳.

Frank saved the day by kicking in a goal during the last five minutes of the match.


  (21)Every dog has its day: 凡人都有得意日

I have seen ordinary people suddenly become important. This is a case of every dog has its day.


  (22)What is done by night appears by day: 若要人不知,除非己莫为

Crime does not pay. Criminals will be found out. That's why we say : What is done by night appears by day.

seclusive 2007-11-07 14:00
(1) Above someone: too difficult for someone to understand. (令人难以理解)

Example: That speaker's lecture on astronomy seemed to be above the audience.

(2) Abscond from a place : leave a place unlawfully. (潜逃出某地)

Example: The prisoner has twice absconded from the prison, but he was re-arrested and imprisoned again not long later.

(3) Absence makes the heart grow fonder: we have more affection for our friends and relatives when they are away. (不见面令人更怀念)

Example: Michael used to quarrel with his sister, but he has missed her since she went abroad for further studies. It is a case of ‘absence makes the heart grow fonder’.

(4) Bad for someone : harmful for someone. (对某人有害)

Example: Smoking may be thrilling, but it is definitely bad for you.

(5) Bad news travels fast : bad news nearly always reaches us more rapidly than good news. (恶事传千里)

Example: The news of my neighbours' divorce spreads from one person to another. Bad news travels fast, doesn't it?

(6) Bad workman always blames his tools, a : a bad workman tries to excuse his own lack of skills by blaming the tools for poor workmanship. (技术差的工人埋怨工具不好)

Example: To "I couldn't write well because I had used someone else's pen", your response could be: "A bad workman always blames his tools".

(7) Cajole/coax someone into/out of (doing) something : persuade someone into/away from (doing) something. (劝诱某人做/不做某事)

Examples:

(i) Can the teacher cajole every lazy pupil into greater efforts?

(ii) Betty tried to coax her father into increasing her pocket money.

(iii) Please cajole the boys out of their unreasonable demands.

(iv) We had to coax his boss out of punishing him.

(8) Calculated risk, a : a possibility of failure that has been estimated before a course of action is taken. (有意尝试的险)

Example: David took a calculated risk when he bought such expensive equipment from that new company.

(9) Calculated to do something :planned with the intention of donig something. (计划做某事)

Examples:

(i) The new law is calculated to make cheating impossible.

(ii) Such commercials are calculated to attract the attention of ignorant housewives.

(10) Call at a place : arrive at a place, usually for a short time and with a special purpose. (停靠某处)

Example: Some boats called at the port to unload the cargoes.

(11) Call back (someone) :

  1. return someone a telephone call. (回电)

Example: Will you call me back later?

  2. pay another visit. (再来拜访)

Example: If you don't mind, could you call back later?

seclusive 2007-11-07 14:10
1. Date back to/from a certain time:
   go back to a certain time 自某时代至今

Example:
  (1) The history of our club dates back to 1960.
  (2) These traditional customs date from the time when we were very small.

2. Daub with something:
   cover with something soft and sticky 涂抹

Example:
  After being in the kitchen for the whole afternoon, Mother's apron is now daubed with cooking oil and condiments.

3. Dawn on/upon someone:
   (used with the subject "it") become suddenly clear to someone 突然明白

Example:
  (1) It dawned on me what he had really meant when he used that analogy.
  (2) It dawned upon us that such a dialogue came from a small Chinese town.

4. Half the world knows not how the other half lives:
   people of one social class are often ignorant of the problems of those of another class 这类人不知另一类人的生活方式

Example:
  People in some poor countries have not enough to eat, but many of us here have leftovers to throw away. Half the world knows not how the other half lives.

5. Hammer out something :
   (i) decide on a scheme after a long discussion or argument 竭力做某事
Example:
  Let's get together to hammer out the required new scheme.

(ii) remove something by hammering 用锤敲去某物
Example:
  Please get a mechanic to hammer out the dent on the right side of this car.

6. Impose on someone :
   ask someone to do something which he should not be asked to do; bother someone 使人为难

Example:
  I hope I am not imposing on you by asking you to answer the door.

7. Impoverish someone/something of someone/something else:
   take something good away from someone/something 使某人贫困;使某事不妙

Example:
  The government is paying attention to the problem of emigration, which is gradually impoverishing the country of capable people.

8. Impress someone with something:
   make someone realise the importance of something 使某人对某事印象深刻

Example:
  Our teachers impress us with the need for mutual help.

9. Impress something on/upon someone:
   make the importance of something clear to someone 使某人深深意识到某事物

Example:
  Our leaders in different fields impressed the value of hard work on us.

10. Join with someone:
   do the same thing as someone 彼此一起

Example:
  Will all of you join with me in drinking a toast to the bride and the bridegroom?

11. Joint efforts:
   combined efforts 共同的努力

Example:
  Our team won the match through the joint efforts of the coach and the players.

seclusive 2007-11-07 14:23
在《用词要准确》中,举出了四种用词不准确的例子,大家还记得吗?

  这一期来谈谈用词简洁问题。

  “简洁”的反面是“啰嗦”。好文章要简洁,不应啰嗦。

  下列两个句子中,(a) 属啰嗦型,(b) 是简洁体:

(1) a. The stranger was conveyed to his place of residence in an intoxicated condition.

  b. The stranger was carried home drunk.

(2) a. No one sees the necessity for a meeting now.

  b. No one feels it necessary to meet now.

  用词要怎样才算是简洁呢?

  下面是三个可以遵循的原则:

  1. 删除不必要的字眼,如:

  (3) The downpour, which started last night, has come to a stop now.

  这里的形容词从句“which ...... night”可有可无,无比有好,最好去掉,然后再把句子简化如下:

  “Last night's downpour has stopped now.”

  (4) It happened that Mr. Yap was elected to the position of Chairman of the well-established Singapore Literature Society that existed in this country.

  这个句子内容简单,但却有24个字,其中有一个主句和两个从句,显然啰嗦复杂了些,可以简化如下:

“Mr. Yap was elected Chairman of this country's well-established Singapore Literature Society.”

  2. 试用一个贴切的词取代几个同义词,如:

(5) David, the director, called me up on the phone.

  这里的“on the phone”和片语动词“called up”发生冲突,只好把它牺牲了,或把句子改写:

“David, the director, called me up./David, the directr, telephoned me.”

(6) John walked very hastily down the street leading to the bus station.

这里的“walked very hastily”和“hurried”同义。为什么弃简从繁呢?

  3. 试把过于冗长的句子加以节缩,如:

  (7) The increasing filthy water in some areas through pollution has troubled and upset environmental scientists for a period of one and a half decades.

→ The increasing water pollution in some areas has upset environmental scientists for 15 years.

  (8) All students in college are required to take different tests. These tests are for the purpose of determining what courses the students are suitable to take.

→ All college students are required to take different tests to determine what courses suit them.

  (9) Although the story is supernatural in nature, the story-teller manages to put over his point and show the effects on a person when he is confronted with the fact that there exists a certain degree of evil in everyone's physical make up.

→ The story-teller uses supernatural elements to imply that there is a certain degree of evil in a person.

seclusive 2007-11-08 09:10
(1) Abscond with something:
   go away with something valuable 带贵重物潜逃  

Example:
  I wonder why the accountant in a very big organisation could abscond with a huge sum of money without being detected.

(2) Absence of mind:
   inattention 心不在焉  

Example:
  Absence of mind during driving often leads to road accidents.

(3) Absent oneself from a place:
   be absent from a place 缺席;没去   

Example:
  Lazy students like to absent themselves from class without a good excuse.

(4) Absolve someone from (doing) something:
   free someone from fulfilling a promise, etc. or from a guilt, etc. 获免……;免除某人(履行诺言;承受罪责等)  

Examples:
  (i) After making an apology, the soldier was absolved from returning to the barracks on certain Saturdays.
  (ii) Our education system does not absolve the parents from their responsibilities to their children.

(5) Badly off:
(i) not having much money 穷困
Example:
  The Huangs are too badly off to have a hoilday abroad as others do.

(ii) not having enough 不够;需要某物  
Example:
  Many schools in the village are rather badly off for modern equipment and other facilities.

(6) Bag and baggage:
   with all one's belongings 携随身财物(而去)   

Example:
  Some guests were unable to pay the hotel bills and were therefore asked to leave bag and baggage.

(7) Bail someone out:
   obtain freedom for someone by paying a bail 保释某人   

Example:
  How much should he pay to bail out the suspect?

(8) Call/bring something to a halt:
   stop something; put an end to something 停止……   

Examples:
  (i) It is time to call the stupid arguments to a halt.
  (ii) Production was brought to a halt by the prolonged strike.

(9) Call something to mind:
   remember something 记起   

Example:
  I am sure I know the man over there though I can't call to mind where I met him.

(10) Call something to order:
   ask something, usually a meeting, to perform in an orderly manner. 要求安静进行某事   

Example:
   After some vehement arguments between two members, the Chairman called the meeting to order again.

(11) Day after day/day in, day out:
   continuously for many days. 一天又一天   

Examples:
  (i) It went on raining day after day.
  (ii) Despite the riot, business went on day in, day out.

seclusive 2007-11-08 09:24
 1. Day dream, a :
  imagining about things one would like to do 白日梦

  Example:

  Some people would like to fall back on a day dream whenever they wished to get what they wanted.

  2. Day of reckoning, a :
  the time when one is obliged to answer for one's misdeeds 报应的日子.

  Example:

  There will be a day of reckoning for what you have wrongly done to be harmful to others.

  3. Hammer something home :
  emphasize a point one has made in an argument by repeating it with great force 强调.

  Example:

  In the face of opposition, the speaker hammered his point home with extensive illustrations.

  4. Hand back something:
  return something by hand 用手交还

  Example:

  The teacher said that he would hand back the examination scripts in a week's time.

  5. Hand down somthing to someone:
  bequeath something to someone. (遗)传给……

  Examples:

  (1) Before the rich man passed away, he handed down his property to his wife.

  (2) That big house has been handed down to them by their grandfather.

  6. Impose something on someone/something else:
  (i) force something on someone. 强加给:

  Example:

  Please don't impose your will on us.

  (ii) place a tax, fine, etc. on someone or something. 征(税);罚(款)

  Examples:

  (1) The traffic police have imposed a fine on the reckless motorist.

  (2) The government has imposed a heavier tax on liquor.

  7. Improve on/upon something:
  make something better 改进

  Examples:

  (1) Your suggestion is good, but I think I can still improve on it.

  (2) You had good results in the first year, but can you improve upon them this year?

  8. Joking apart/aside:
  let's stop joking and talk seriously 别再开玩笑

  Examples:

  (1) Joking apart, we really must do something about the leak in the water pipe.

  (2) Joking aside, what did John really think of me?

  9. Of moment: important. 重要的

  Example:

  Nothing of moment occurred in your absence during the last two weeks.

  10. (Go) off one's head: mad. 疯了

  Examples:

  (1) You must be off your head to go mountain-climbing on such a cold and rainy day.

  (2) When Tom heard that he was dismissed, he almost went off his head.

  11. Part company (with someone): 分道扬镳

  (i) go in different directions. 向不同方向去

  Example:

  Helen and her boy friend parted company at the railway station.

  (ii) end a friendship or partnership, etc. 结束;了结

  Example:

  As a result of constant quarrels, the man finally parted company with his wife.

seclusive 2007-11-08 09:38
前后举了不少有关“at”和“in”引导的介词短语。欲罢不能,现在举些由“on”引导的,使大家的介词短语更丰富。

  (1) On the air:在广播中

  The Prime Minister's National Day speech was broadcast live and will be on the air again.

  (2) On balance:权衡轻重之后

  Our national football team sometimes won but sometimes lost. On balance, it has had a quite good track record.

  (3) On the dole:接受福利金

  In the West, unemployed workers can still survive if they are on the dole.

  (4) On an even keel:平稳的

  The grocery business has experienced a tough period, but it is back on an even keel.

  (5) On the loose:不受拘束的

  According to some newspaper reports, a big tiger is on the loose in an outlying island.

  (6) On the make:热衷于追求名利

  Among your friends, do you have some continually on the make?

  (7) On the mend:病情在好转

  When I saw Mike last time, he was quite ill, but he is now said to be on the mend.

  (8) On the move :在活动中

  A good friend of mine has been on the move in and out of the country, trying to find business to do.

  (9) On a par with:……和……平等

  The flowers in that garden are pretty, but I am not sure if they are on a par with yours.

  (10) On the quiet:秘密地

  Some foreign students have been making money on the quiet during school holidays.

  (11) On the rocks:遭受失败

  His ill-fated attempt has landed itself on the rocks.

  (12) on the run:在逃跑中

  One kidnapper has been arrested, but others are still on the run.

  (13) On a shoestring:小本经营地

  Xiao Lei ran his business on a shoestring before it was expanded.

  (14) On the side:作为兼职

  Some low-income people have to take up a second job on the side.

  (15) On the sly:秘密地;偷偷地

  Smoking was prohibited in school, but some students did it on the sly or in the lavatory.

  (16) On the spot:当场;立即

  When an adult shoplifter is caught on the spot, he or she will be sent to prison.

  (17) On tenterhooks:提心吊胆

  Those waiting for the outcome of university admission are on tenterhooks beyond their control.

  (18) On the rack:极度焦虑不安

  When the doctor did not say anything after seeing the patient, the patiant felt somewhat on the rack.

  (19) On tap:随时可得到的

  The director has a wide circle of friends who are on tap when needed.

  (20) On the cards :有可能实现的

  Unconfirmed news has it that a new university could be on the cards.

  (21) On edge:紧张;着急

  When the small boy could not see his mother in the crowd, he was on edge and cried.

  (22) On call:待命

  The company car is always on call to take the Chief Executive Officer to meetings.

seclusive 2007-11-09 08:57
 1. Accommodate someone with something: provide someone with something, often as a favour 提供

  Example: I hope the bank in which you are working in will be kind enough to accommodate me with a car loan.

  2. Accompany something with something else: add something to something else. 随某物而来

  Example: The rascal accompanied his abusive language with a show of his two fists.

  3. Accord with something: match something. 与某事物相配合

  Example: The young man's political ideology does not accord with his father's. The former is radical; the latter is conservative.

  4. According to:
(i)as stated or shown. 根据

  Example: According to the records, the books you borrowed were often overdue.

(ii) in agreement with. 按照

  Example: Always try to act according to your promise.

(iii) in the order of. 循序

  Example: The books in a library are arranged according to their authors, titles, etc.

(iv) in proportion to. 视……而定

  Example: Part-time workers are normally paid according to the amount of work done by the hour.

  5. Bar someone from (doing) something: prevent someone from (doing) something. 阻止某人做某事

  Examples:

(1) The invigilator has the right to bar any dishonest student from taking the examination.

(2) Some members have been barred from the club for misconduct.

  6. Bare bones, the: the simplest but most important parts. 梗概

  Example: These are the bare bones of the system which must be incorporated.

  7. Bare of something: missing something that is normally present.(指不该空着)空的

  Example: In sharp contrast to other apartments, Judy's was austerely furnished and bare of any ornament.

  8. Can/could do no wrong: one is so much favoured that anything he does is thought to be right. 绝对错不了

  Examples:

(1) In the teacher's eyes, a good student like Susan can do no wrong.

(2) Mrs Lin considered her only son perfect and could do no wrong.

  9. Can ill afford (to do)something: cannot afford (to do) something. 负担不起

  Examples:

(1) I am busy now and can ill afford to see anyone.

(2) Our soccer team can ill afford to lose the match again.

  10. Cancel something out: balance something; strike out something. 抵消

  Example: The failure in overseas business cancelled out the overall profits of the company.

  11. be dead set against someone/ something: firmly opposed to someone/something. 极力反对

  Examples:

(1) Mr Li is dead set against his arch rival, Mr Huang.

(2) Most workers were dead set against longer working hours.

seclusive 2007-11-09 09:16
  1. be accustomed/used to(doing)something: in the habit of(doing)something. 习惯于……

  Examples:

  (1) I am accustomed to getting up early in the morning.

  (2 )After some time, westerners are used to the hot weather here.

  2. Ache for someone/something or ache to do something:
  (i) have a strong desire to do something. 渴望得到……

  Examples:

  (1) Though separated, John's heart is aching for his former girl friend.

  (2) She is aching to tell us the good news about her promotion.

  (ii) feel pity for someone. 使人感伤

  Example: My heart aches for the unfortunate in many countries.

  3. Aches and pains: considerable fatigue, especially in the muscles or joints all over one's body. 各种疼痛

  Example: June is still young but has behaved like a woman, continually complaining about aches and pains.

  4. Achilles' heel: the weakest point in a person's character. 致命伤

  Example: Insincerity is the Achilles' heel of many people, be they politicians or businessmen.

  5. Base on/upon something: (often in the passive)use something as a foundation. 基于……

  Example: Since that report was based on facts, it must be reliable.

  6. Bask in something:
  (i) sit or lie in pleasant warmth. 取暖

  Example: The picknickers are lying on the sand, basking in the mild sunshine.

  (ii) enjoy someone's favour. 受人赞美、恩惠等

  Example: No joy is greater than basking in the praiseworthy remarks of one's employer and colleagues.

  7. Bathed in/with something: covered with something. 沐浴在……;全湿

  Examples:

  (1) Bathed in the morning sunlight, the corn field looks bright like gold.

  (2) Being wrongly scolded, the child's eyes were bathed with tears.

  8. Cannot make head or tail of something/Can make neither head nor tail of something: cannot understand something. 不能理解……

  Examples:

  (1) I cannot make head or tail of the policeman's instructions.

  (2) The speaker can make neither head nor tail of the audience's questions.

  9. Can't be bothered: not willing to care about someone/ something. 懒得……;嫌麻烦而不为

  Examples:

  (1) Sorry, I can't be bothered to do it now.

  (2) We are busy right now and can't be bothered with all these trifling matters.

  10. Can't bear/stand the sight of someone/something: seriously upset by seeing someone/something. 不忍看……

  Examples:

  (1) Ahmad doesn't like to climb up the coconut tree, but he can't bear the sight of others doing it.

  (2) How can you become a doctor if you can't stand the sight of blood?

  11. Deal in something: buy or sell something. 买卖

  Example: Many shops along this street deal in fashionable wearing things.

seclusive 2007-11-09 09:26
  一篇好文章的条件很多。除了内容丰富和组织紧密之外,词汇的运用和句子的处理,也起着决定作用。

  句子可长可短,同一件事,可以用不同的句式表达。如果句子清一色是简单句,文章必定很单调乏味。如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句,读起来也很费力。最好的方法是以简单句为基础,配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短,通常要加些附属成分,如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语,以及节缩成分。

  总之,作者可根据情况,使句子多样化,使文章灵活多姿。例如下列五个句子的基本概念一样,但是句式不同,内容重点也有些差别:

  (1) The goats grazed peacefully in the farm and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (并列分句(1)+(2) )

  (2) Grazing peacefully, the goats in the farm were unaware of the approaching hunter. (现在分语短语+简单句)

  (3) In the farm, the goats grazed peacefully and were unaware of the approaching hunter. (副词短语+并列分句(1)-(2) )

  (4) There were goats grazing peacefully in the farm, unaware of the approaching hunter. (简单句+形容语短语)

  (5) As the goats grazed peacefully in the farm, they were unaware of the approaching hunter. (原因副词从句+主句)

  (1)和(5)的句式最常见;如果加上其他三种互相交替,句子不是更多样化吗?

  最后,看看这两个句子要如何多样化呢?

  (6) The young pilot was on his first overseas training.

  (7) He felt very uneasy.


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

  (a) The young pilot on his first overseas training felt very uneasy.

  (b) The young pilot felt very uneasy during his first overseas training.

  (c) The young pilot's first overseas training made him feel very uneasy.

  (d) Extreme uneasiness seized the young pilot on his first overseas training.

  (e) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, feeling very uneasy.

  (f) It being his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.

  (g) Being on his first overseas training, the young pilot felt very uneasy.

  (h) The young pilot was on his first overseas training and felt very uneasy.

  (i) The young pilot, who was on his first overseas training, felt very uneasy.

  (j) When the young pilot was on his/first overseas trainging, he felt very uneasy.

  (k) As the young pilot was on his first overseas training, he felt very uneasy.

  (l) The young pilot was on his first overseas training, so that he felt very uneasy.

  在上述12个句子中,(a)-(g)是简单句;(h)是并列句;(i)-(l)是复杂句。简单句除(b)和(g)之外,其他五样,用的人并不多。人们最喜欢采用复杂句,尤其是(j)和(k)这两款;接着便是并列句(h)。如果大多数人的句子只限于(b),(g), (h), (j)和(k)这五种,而其他的则弃如敝屣,不是很可惜吗?

seclusive 2007-11-10 15:57
 1. Acid test, an:
a way of proving whether something is true or not. 决定性考验

  Example: The joint military exercise is seen as an acid test of the cooperation among the countries concerned.

  2. Acquaint someone/oneself with something:
inform someone of something/make someone familiar with something. 使某人认识某事物

  Examples:
(1) We have to acquaint a new worker with the conditions here.

(2) As the company's consultant, you must acquaint yourself with its development plans.

3. Acquiesce in something:
agree to do something; accept something quietly. 同意某事;默许

  Example: After a long time of consideration, the government has finally acquiesced in the open-door policy.

  4. Be-all and end-all of something, the:
the whole of something. 某事的全部

  Example: Learning how to take orders is not the be-all and end-all of good secretarial work. There are more important things to do.

  5. Be that as it may:
even so. 即使如此

  Example: I know some of you don't like Anna, but be that as it may, you can at least greet her every day.

  6. Bear a grudge against someone/bear someone a/no grudge:
have a/no feeling of anger, dislike, etc. of someone. 对某人怀恶意/无恶意

  Examples:
(1) Tony bore a grudge against Aileen because she got the job he wanted.

(2) I don't bear anyone a grudge.

(3) I bear him no grudge. Why is he so hostile?

  7. Can't/Couldn't go wrong:
sure to make a success of something or not make any mistake. 错不了

  Example: You know the ways and means, don't you? You just can't go wrong.

  8. Can't hear oneself think:
one is irritated by too much surrounding noise. 听不到自己在想什么(喻周遭太吵闹)

  Example: Everyone in the lobby kept talking louder and louder until I couldn't hear myself think.

  9. Can't help but do something:
unable to choose any other course or action.不得不

  Example: Since there is no taxi in this area, we can't help but walk back home.

  10. Death is the great leveller:
death makes us all equal.“死亡”是伟大的平等主义者

  Example: As there won't be any distinction between wealth and poverty, greatness and humbleness, etc. among the dead, death is the great leveller.

  11. Death to someone/something:
bad for or fatal to someone/something. 对……很不好/致命的

  Examples:
(1) This type of detergent is death to my sensitive skin.

(2) Living in such a city is death to hysterical people; it was too noisy there.

seclusive 2007-11-10 16:17
  1. Earn an honest penny:
make money honestly. 以正当手段赚钱

  Example: Though once a prisoner, Tom is now earning an honest penny by being a regular truck-driver.

  2. Earn one's living:
gain money by working. 赚钱过生活

  Example: Some uneducated and unskilled people earn their living by doing manual work.

  3. Ears burn:
feel embarrassed at hearing people talk about you. 耳朵发烧(指遭人说坏话而难堪)

  Example: Jessie overheard people commenting badly on her and this made her ears burn.

  4. Ease off/up (on someone/something):
become less strong, less severe. 减轻、缓和

  Examples:
  (1). The toothache has eased off .

  (2). It looks as if the rain is beginning to ease off.

  (3). Tell them to ease up and not to work so hard.

  (4). Please ease off on the workers; they are getting tired.

  5. Facts and figures:
precise information. 精确的资料

  Example: In the report, please include all the facts and figures as long as they are true and reliable.

  6. Fade away/out:
(i) become fainter. 散开

  Example: The music in the hall faded away after a while.

(ii) leave quietly. 慢慢消失

  Example: She was so nasty that the interviewers faded her out and sent for someone else.

  7. Faint heart never won fair lady:
a timid or discouraged person won't get the best of anything in life. 怯懦的人永远博不到美人欢心

  Example: Try again! Faint heart never won fair lady, or anything worth having.

  8. Gain access to a place:
enter a place. 进入某处

  Example: You can gain access to the house through this gate.

  9. Gain/obtain currency:
become widely known or very common; be believed or accepted. 传开

  Example: Reports concerning bad government affairs often gain currency in foreign press.

  10. Handsome is as handsome does:
a good heart is more important than good looks. 行为美才是真美

  Example: He looks ugly, but he treats all very well. Handsome is as handsome does.

  11. Handy for something:
near something; something is easily reached. 离……很近(非常方便)

  Example: My apartment is in a convenient location handy for shops and other amenities.

  12. In a daze:
in a confused condition. 处于茫然状态

  Example: After the natural calamity, those who survived were in a daze.

  13. In a dream:
in a state of mind in which one doesn't pay attention to the real world. 生活在梦幻中

  Example: Some people are alert, but some are not and they seem to have lived in a dream.

  14. Jump for joy:
show great pleasure. 高兴得直跳

  Example: The moment she heard the good news getting the much-coveted job, she jumped for joy.

seclusive 2007-11-10 16:33
“We have seen everyone besides Tom's father。”

  这句话是“除了汤姆的父亲外,我们还见过其他的人。”

  如果把这话误解为:“除了(没见过)汤姆的父亲,其他的人我们都见过了”,那么就大错特错了。反面这个意思应该这样表达:

  “We have seen everyone than Tom's father。”

  须知介词“besides的含义等于”in addition to”或“as well as”。连词“than”的意思有如介词“except”。例如:

  (1) John was left with no choice than to quit.
(除了离开,约翰别无其他选择。)

  再比较下列两个句子就更清楚了:

  (2) Besides rice, the farmers have produced peanuts.

  (3) They have gathered all the crops except / than corns.

  上述(2) 的意思是(除了米之外,农夫还生产花生。)(3)的意思却是“除了玉蜀黍之外,他们把其他农作物收割了。”

  由上面几个例子看,besides和except / than是不同义的,但是besides如果出现在否定句或疑问句里,意思就和except相同了。例如:

  (4) I have no other option besides this one.

  (5) Some people care for nothing besides their money.

  (6) What can we do besides obeying ?

  这三个句子里的“besides”都可由“except”取代之。

  由此可见,同一个字词,在肯定句和否定句中的意思会有转变。

  与“besides, except”一样,“until”这个字也有类似的麻烦,常常令初学英语的人感到头疼。看看下面例子(7)的意思是(7a)还是(7b)”呢?

  (7)We slept until midnight.

  a. 我们到半夜才睡觉。

  b. 我们一直睡到半夜(才醒)。


  显然(7a)是错的;(7b)才正确。

  (7a)的英语句子应该是:

  (8)We didn't sleep until midnight.

  为什么呢?原因是“until”在肯定句中表示一个动作的终结,如例(7b),又如例(9):

  (9) Madam Lin slept until her son came home.

  “Until”在否定句中才表示一个动作的开始,如例(8),又如例(10):

  (10) Madam Lin did not sleep until her son came home.

  这些句子里的“until”都可以由“till”取代。要注意的是“until”可以在句前出现,“till”就不可以了,因此(11)是对的,(12)是错的:

  (11) Until last year, Peter was working for ABC Corporation.

  *(12) Till last year, Peter was working for ABC Corporation.

  纵上所述,我们知道,同一个词语的意思会随肯定句和否定句而改变词义。幸好这类词语不多,巧遇时稍微留意便行了。

seclusive 2007-11-11 10:44
  1. Across the board/across-the-board: applying in all cases; affecting everybody or everything. 全面;全部的

  Examples:

(1) The civil servants were given annual bonuses across the board.

(2) Because of bad business, some companies have announced an across-the-board cut in development spending.

  2. Act as someone/something: do the work or duties of someone/something. 代替

  Examples:

(1) In the director's absence, Mary will act as the director.

(2) This sofa can act as a bed at night.

  3. Act as a brake on/upon/ to someone's activity: make someone act with more caution; play the role of deterring someone or something. 遏制

  Example: The rise in bank interest rate acted as a brake on people's unnecessary loans.

  4. Bear a/no resemblance to someone: (not) look like someone. 看起来像/不像……

  Examples:

(1) Helen bears a resemblance to a famous singer.

(2) Though they are sisters, they bear no resemblance to each other.

  5. Bear no relation to something: be very different from something. 与……无相似之处

  Example: What Jack has just said bears no relation to the actual fact.

  6. Bear out: support or confirm. 支持;证实

  Example: I will bear you out if you lodge a complaint against that rascal.

  7. Capable of doing something: able to do something. 能够

  Examples:

(1) Is you company capable of handling such a large order?

(2) Be careful! That person is capable of playing tricks.

  8. Capitalise on something: take advantage of something. 利用

  Example: Our team capitalised on its opponent's obvious weakness and won the game in the end.

  9. Decide / determine on / upon someone / (doing) something: choose someone/(doing)something. 考虑后作出决定

  Examples:

(1) Has the committee decided on the finalists of the game?

(2) After some contemplation, the couple determined on spending the holiday abroad.

  10. Decline and fall, the: the sequence leading to a final and complete loss of power, etc. 衰亡

  Example: Nothing is commoner than the decline and fall of an empire.

  11. Dedicate something to someone/(doing) something:

(i) give something completely to someone; devote. 献身于

  Example: Dr Lin dedicated his life to finding a cure for AIDS.

(ii) declare something in honour of someone. 献给……

  Example: He dedicated his first book to his late mother.

seclusive 2007-11-11 10:53
  1. East or west, home is best: no matter where you go, home is the best place for you. 没有任何地方比家好

  Example: A traveller knows that east or west, home is best. True, there is no place like home.

  2. Easy come, easy go: he who gets money easily usually sqanders it: easily got easily lost. 易得易失

  Examples:

(1) The young man spent all the inherited money at a short time. Easy come, easy go, isn't it?

(2) Bob made some money from gambling but used it up quickly. With Bob, it's easy come, easy go.

  3. Easy in mind: free from anxiety. 安心的

  Example: Wicked people are seldom easy in mind.

  4. Easy in one's mind: be more relaxed. 放心的

  Example: His mother won't be easy in her mind till she knows that he has arrived there safely.

  5. Faithful to someone: loyal to someone. 忠于某人

  Example: The dog remained faithful to his master when he became poor and miserable.

  6. Fall apart: break into pieces. 支离破碎

  Example: Tom knocked a tree and his bicycle began to fall apart.

  7. Fall away: become less in number. 渐渐减少

  Example: The spectators did not find the game interesting and began to fall away.

  8. Fall back on something: use something for help when everything else has been tried. 依靠某事物

  Example: Don't be worried! You still have your savings to fall back on.

  9. Gall and wormwood: something that arouses the most bitter resentment. 怨恨

  Example: It was gall and wormwood for the teacher to have to make a withdrawal of his promise in front of all the students.

  10. Galvanise someone into (doing) something: move someone to do something. 激起某人行动起来

  Example: The news about the general election galvanised potential candidates into preparatory work.

  11. Gamble on something:

(i) risk money on the result of a card game, horse-race, etc. 冒险行动或碰运气

  Example: Tony sometimes gambled a great deal of money on the horse-race.

(ii) take a chance or risk. 孤注一掷做……

  Example: Some illegal immigrants robbed the bank, gambling on its being not watched at night.


  12. Game at which two can play, a: a plan or trick which both sides may use. 你会我也会的一套

  Example: Political favouritism is a game at which two can play.

seclusive 2007-11-11 11:04
  “时间”是生命中很受重视的东西;人人都爱惜时间,因此人人要把涉及“时间”的惯用语记起来,用出去。

  (1) In time for:……及时到……/做…… “If you go now, you will be in time for the meeting.”

  (2) On time:准时的“Don't go to the examination late. Make sure you are on time.”

  (3) Pressed for time:时间不足“I must hurry up, I am pressed for time at the moment.”

  (4) Buy time:争取时间“There are ten seconds left, but Jordan carried the ball steadily to buy time instead of passing it out.”

  (5) For the time being:暂时地“The company has just been formed. For the time being, it is run by the company partners.”

  (6) From time to time:偶尔“They visited us from time to time, but we have never been to their house.”

  (7) In the nick of time:及时“All the passengers got on board in the nick of time.”

  (8) In no time:很快地“The police caught a thief and sent him to prison in no time.

  (9) Kill time:消磨时间“While waiting for my turn to do something, I often read something to kill time.”

  (10) Time and again:屡次“Motorists were warned time and again not to throw rubbish from their cars.”

  (11) Time alone will tell:时间可以证明一切“No one is certain if it is wise to emigrate to the West; time alone will tell.”

  (12) Time's up:时间到了“Time's up. Stop writing and hand in your answer books now.”

  (13) At the best of times:当情况最佳时“Samuel's Mandarin is not good at the best of times, not to mention when he has to speak if impromptu.”

  (14) At times:有时“life as a spinster or bachelor is care-free, but the problem is that he or she may feel lonely at times.”

  (15) Behind the times:过时的“Maggie's dressing style is a bit behind the times. She should try to keep up with the times by wearing fashionable dresses.”

  (16) Move / keep up with the times:赶上时代“Some people's mode of thinking is outdated. They should try to move with the times so as to better fit in the present society.”

  (17) The time is ripe for:……的时机成熟了“The political leaders of the two countries have communicated with each other. Time is therefore ripe for closer cooperation.”

  (18) With time to spare:比预期时间早“As there was no traffic congestion, we reached the destination with time to spare.”

  (19) With time/Given time:假以时间“Don't feel depressed! Things will improve with time.

  (20) For any length of time:短暂而已“Tom likes to work in different companies. Evidence shows that he has not held on to the same job for any length of time.”

seclusive 2007-11-12 09:00
  1. Act as a catalyst: cause a change or an event to happen. 促使变化

  Example: One speaker's questions acted as a catalyst to set off new trains of thought.

  2. Act for/on behalf of someone: do something for someone. 代……做某事

  Examples:

(1) Mary will act for David in his absence.

(2) The lawyer is acting on behalf of his client.

  3. Act high and mighty: act proudly and powerfully. 行为高傲

  Example: If Su had not acted high and mighty, she would have had more friends.

  4. Act in bad faith: act dishonestly. 行为不诚实

  Example: We don't like that man, who often acts in bad faith.

  5. Bear someone no ill will: there is no unkind feeling towards someone. 对某人无恶意

  Example: Although I didn't agree with him, I bore him no ill will.

  6. Bear the brunt of something: suffer the heaviest part of something, such as attack, etc. 承受某事物正面的冲撞

  Example: Do you have to bear the brunt of her anger for no reason?

  7. Bear up: keep up courage, strength, etc. under adversity or affliction. 在困境中不气馁

  Examples:

(1) Irene is bearing up well despite her continual misfortunes.

(2) How are you today? -Not very well, but managing to bear up.

  8. Care about something: think that something is important. 理会某事

  Example: Some people today don't care about saving money for future use.

  9. Care for someone/something:

(i) look after someone/something. 照顾

  Example: Who will care for you when you are old?

(ii) like (in negative sentences or questions). 喜爱

  Examples:

(1) Would you care for some more beer?

(2) I don't really care for beer.

  10. Care killed a cat: care is a load on the mind, so try not to worry. 忧能伤身

  Example: If care killed a cat, which has nine lives, it would kill any human being, who has only one life.

  11. Careful/careless with/about something: cautious/unconcerned about something. 小心;粗心

  Example:

(1) You should be more careful with your money next time.

(2) Are your other family members careless with money, too?

  12. Deep (down): in one's true nature; feeling strongly. 在心底

  Examples:

(1) Deep in the boy's mind, he knew he was wrong.

(2) Jack seems unfriendly, but deep down, he is very nice.

seclusive 2007-11-12 13:45
1. Act on/upon someone/something:

(i) do something according to someone's advice, instructions, etc. 根据劝告或指示行事

Example: You won't be wrong if you act on his instructions.

(ii) have an effect on someone/something. 对……发生作用

Examples: 1. This medicine doesn't act on him at all. 2. Certain acids act upon metals.

2. Act out:

(i) show an idea, etc. by your looks, talk, etc. 表演

Example: The children are acting out a story they have read.

(ii) put something into action. 付诸行动

Example: As an idealist, Betty tried to act out her ideals somehow or other.

3. Act out of duty: do what one ought to do, not because what one wants to do. 做份内事

Example: The head of a department generally acts out of duty. He has no time to do more than that.

4. Bear with someone/something: be patient with someone/something. 容忍

Example: If you can just bear with me for a few minutes, I will be able to answer your question.

5. Bear witness to something: prove something. 证明

Example: Jason's latest book bears witness to his writing ability and versatility.

6. Beard the lion in his den: face someone strong openly or boldly. 入狮穴捋狮须(喻公然走访某强人)

Example: The rascal is in his office, so let's go in and beard the lion in his den.

7. Carp/cavil at someone/something: find fault with small errors. 挑剔;吹毛求疵

Examples:

1. Janet is always carping at unimportant matters.

2. It is no good carping at the disobedient boy about his behaviour.

3. Why is he cavilling at your minor faults?

8. Carried away: be controlled by one's feelings. 失去自制

Example: Nancy was much carried away while she was arguing with her husband about a misunderstanding.

9. Carrot-and-stick: the hope of reward and the threat of punishment. 胡萝卜加大棒(喻软硬兼施)

Example: To a large extent, a student has benefited from the carrot-and-stick approach of teaching.

10. Defeat one's purpose: undo an intended purpose or effect. 达不到自己的目的

Example: If you follow that uncertain method, you risk losing the support and defeating your purpose.

11. Defer to something: act according to the opinion of someone or because of something. 遵从

Examples:

1. I will be glad to defer to your good advice.

2. I am pleased to defer to your rich experience in this matter.

12. Deficient in something: not enough of something. 缺乏

Example: Such food is deficient in vitamins.

seclusive 2007-11-12 13:56
  有效的句子要有重点,并且要突出重点。

  句子的重点可以通过下列方法来突出:

  1. 把重点摆在句首或句尾。

  一般而论,最显眼的位置是在“句尾,其次是在句首,中间的位置最平淡,乏善可陈。”例如:

  (1) Incorrect grammar and improper construction invariably distract readers' attention.

  (2) The history of vocabulary is, in many ways, the record of civilisation.

  把重点放在句尾是种“吊胃口”的方法,读者或听者非得读完或听完整句不可。

  2. 在复杂句里,把主句放在从句之后。

  除了名词从句和形容词从句之外,因为它们位置较固定,副词从句中有几种的位置灵活,可以在主句之前出现,也可以跟在主句之后。通常我们就把这样的副词从句提前,重点则放在后头的主句,如(3b):

  (3a) I came upon an old classmate when I went to town yesterday.

  (3b) When I went to town yesterday, I came upon an old classmate.

  副词短语更是如此,如 (4b):

  (4a) Steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools because of its durability.

  (4b) Beacuse of its durability, steel is commonly used to make knives, razors and other useful tools.

  3. 把较重要或有分量的词语放在后头,如(5b)和(6b):

  (5a) I was delighted and amused by the classical opera.

  (5b) I was amused and delighted by the classical opera.

  (6a) That singer's life was tragic and brief.

  (6b) That singer's life was brief and tragic.

  4. 把句子中一系列项目按逻辑排列。例如:

  (7) Tony ate his dinner, watched TV, and then went to bed.

  (8) Were you bored with years of study in elementary school, high school and institute of higher education?

  5. 必要时,重复重要的语词或概念。

例如:

  (9) Jackie enjoys the company of ladies. He likes their beauty, he likes their delicacy, he likes their vivacity, and he likes their silence.

  (10) ...the land stretched out without names. Nameless headlands split the surf; nameless lakes reflected the nameless mountains and nameless rivers flowed through nameless valleys and nameless bays.

  6. 尽量用主动说态,因此(11b)比(11a)好:

  (11a) A pedestrian was struck on the head by a flying stone.

  (11b) A flying stone struck a pedestrian on the head.

  7. 适当时候,可用倒装句和平行句,如:

  (12) Seven dwarfs lived here in the centre of the dark forest. → Here, in the centre of the dark forest lived seven dwarfs.

  (13) Severity breeds fear; roughness breeds hatred.

  (14) Honesty recommends that I speak; self-interest demands that I remain silent.

seclusive 2007-11-13 10:02
1. Act up to something: act according to one's principles, etc. 根据原则等行事

 Example: Mr Lin claims to have high principles, but he doesn't always act up to his proclaimed ethics.

2. Actions speak louder than words: what we do is more important than what we say. 行动胜于语言

 Example: To prove that he is an honest person, Jim behaved himself. Actions speak louder than words.

3. Adapt oneself to something: make oneself suitable for something. 适应于

 Example: When you go to a foreign land, you must adapt yourself to the new customs there.

4. Beat a (hasty) retreat: go away in a hurry. 仓皇撤退;匆匆走开

 Example: When the rascals saw the policeman, they beat a retreat.

5. Beat about the bush: (in the negative) go round a subject instead of coming directly to the point. 拐弯抹角地说。

 Example: If you have anything to say, go straight to the point. Don't beat about the bush.

6. Beat down (a price): lower the price by bargaining. 降低某物价格

 Example: Since $30 is too expensive, you can beat down the price as you wish.

7. Carry all / everything before someone: be completely successful. 完全成功

 Examples: 1. In school, Sam carried all before him. 2. The soldiers carried everything before them and gained the control of the place.

8. Defraud someone of something: deceive someone so as to get or keep something wrongly or illegally. 从某人处骗取某物

 Example: The cashier defrauded the boss of thousands of dollars.

9. Defuse a situation: make the situation less harmful or dangerous. 缓和危急局面。

 Example: The police chief succeeded in defusing the situation before any real trouble started.

10. Defy someone to do something: challenge someone to do something. 激某人做不愿做的事

 Example: Since you are a brave man, I defy you to fight that bully.

11. Eat away something: destroy something by chemical action. 腐蚀

 Example: The acid has eaten away the metal bit by bit.

12. Eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow we die: We should enjoy ourselves while we can because life is uncertain. 生命无常应自我享受

 Example: Life is full of imponderables. Hence, let's eat, drink and be merry for tomorrow we die.

13. Eat humble pie: be more respectful or apologetic than one has been before. 赔礼

 Example: If his wife excused herself, would he not make her eat humble pie again?

seclusive 2007-11-13 10:11
1. Fall foul of something: quarrel; fight; get into trouble. 与某人/某事冲突

Example: Being dishonest, he soon fell foul of the law.

2. Fall in/ into place: become clear. 开始有头绪;开始明朗了

Example:Just wait and see. The mystery will fall into place soon.

3. Fall in love with someone: love someone. 爱上某人

Example:The two young persons fell in love with each other.

4. Gasp out something: say something while breathing. 喘着气说话

Example: The girl ran up and gasped out the robbery to the police.

5. Gateway/ pathway to something, the / a: way of reaching a place or gaining something. 达到……的途径

Examples: 1. Generally speaking, diligence is the gateway to success. 2. Constant practice is the pathway to a better command of the language being learned.

6. Gather from something: understand from something said or done.(从所做的或所说的事)理解

Example: I didn't gather much from the confused story he had just told us.

7. Hang on someone's lips/ every word/ the words of someone: listen attentively to someone. 注意听某人说话

Examples: 1. The speaker was so eloquent that everybody was hanging on his lips. 2. June hung on every word of her teacher and took detailed notes. 3. Deeply interested, the audience hung on the words of the invited speaker.

8. In a fit of ...: under the influence of a sudden violent feeling (e.g. temper, anger, etc.) 在一股……下;在一阵……下

Example: Mr brown hit his son in a fit of temper.

9. in/ like a flash: in a very short time; quickly. 很快;立刻

Examples: 1. I will be back in a flash. 2. Last night's bank robbery happened like a flash.

10. In a fog: in a confused and uncertain state of mind. 迷惑

Examples: 1. Tom was in a fog about his science lesson this morning. 2. Mr Lin told me he was in a fog about what to do.

11. Jumble up/ together: mix or throw together without any order. 胡乱混在一起

Examples: 1. The letters of the words have been jumbled up. 2. Returned books were jumbled together on the library tables.

12. Jump on someone:

(i) make a sudden attack on someone. 突击

Example: The robber jumped on his victim in a dark corner.

(ii) criticise someone unfairly. 不公平地批评某人

Example: Why did you jump on him for his minor pronunciation problems?

seclusive 2007-11-13 10:20
  英语里“up”的用途极为广泛;它是副词虚助词,也是介词,词义不止一个。

  下面是“up”的六项主要用途:

一、作副词或介词,表示“向上”,如:

  (1) The monkey climbed up the tree.

  (2) Two boys helped the old man up.

  (3) I can't hear you. Can you please speak up?


二、作副词或介词,意思“由远处到近处、由南到北、由小地方到大地方”,如:

  (4) The dog-trainer led the dogs up the street.

  (5) We would like to go up to town.

  (6) This train is running up north.

  (7) They have driven all the way up to the capital of Malaysia.


三、表示“……完毕”或“……起来”,如:

  (8) The hungry dog ate up all the leftover food.

  (9) The library staff piled up the books in good order.

  用“动词+up”来表示“做好、做完”的例子很多,常见的还有这些:

  Button up, clear up, dry up, mix up, tie up, wrap up, pack up, tidy up, use up等。


四、可有可无的“up”,如:

  (10) The road to the school was blocked (up) for some time because of the flood.

  (11) Please fill (up) this form and then give it to me.

  (10) 和 (11) 里的“up”可用可不用,意思都一样,只是加上了“up”感到稳健些。

  下面这些“动词+up”里的“up”也是可有可无,没有影响语义:

  close up, divide up, hurry up, polish up, check up, follow up, finish up, seal up等。


五、协助组成片语动词,如:

  (12) Something surprising has turned up.

  (13) The train picked up speed after a while.

  (14) Where did you pick up that habit?

  (15) Please speed up if you don't want to lag behind.


  常见的含“up”的片语动词(phrasal verbs)还有:

bring up(抚养长大)、brush up(复习)、crop up(突然出现)、ring up(打电话)、 give up(放弃)、look up(查阅)、let up(中止)等。


七、协助组成一些具特殊意义的惯用语,如:

  (16) Time is up.(时间到了)

  (17) This matter is up to you; I wouldn't mind(由你决定).

  (18) What are you up to?(搞什么鬼?)

  (19) I am up to my ears in work.(忙得不可开交)

  (20) Your mother has been looking for you up and down.(四处寻找)

  (21) Many older people have experienced the ups and downs of life.(盛衰变化)

seclusive 2007-11-14 08:35
 1. Add fuel to the fire/ flames: cause someone to be more angry. 火上加油

  Example: The workers were not satisfied with their wages, and when they were made to work longer hours, the whole matter added fuel to the fire.

  2. Add insult to injury: make matters even worse. 伤害之外又加侮辱(使关系更差)

  Examples: 1. Asking the wounded man to pay for the damage of the car was simply adding insult to injury. 2. Having failed to thank me for my help, Bob complained about my insincere attitude. He added insult to injury.

  3. Add to something: increase something. 加上

  Examples: 1. The rise in food prices has added to the livelihood problems of the poor. 2. Heavy rain added to the difficulties of driving on an unfamiliar road.

  4. Beat someone at his own game: do better than someone in his own field of activity. 在某人拿手的方面胜过某人

  Example: Jason won a book prize and beat his rival at his own game.

  5. Beat the drum for someone/something: do everything possible to draw public attention to something for someone. 为某人/某事敲边鼓

  Examples: a. His party's supporters never missed an opportunity to beat the drum for him. b. I know you are now beating the drum for your new product.

  6. Beat up someone: hit someone severely. 毒打某人

  Example:The rude man beat up his wife without any good reason.

  7. Carry forward : (of accounts) move to the next page for further addition. 把总数转记于另一页

  Example: She forgot to carry the total figure forward, so there was a mistake in the calculation.

  8. Carry on (with something): continue (with something.) 继续

  Examples: 1. It is difficult to carry on a conversation in a crowded place . 2 Please carry on with your work after the tea break.

  9. Carry one's point: succeed in making others agree with what one has suggested. 说服别人接受自己的观点

  Example: Now that you have carried your point, is there any need for further discussion?

  10. Degenerate into something: become less good or admirable. 衰退、恶化

  Example: The lengthy discussion soon degenerated into an exchange of insults.

  11. Degrade oneself: disgrace oneself. 降低自己身份

  Example: Don't degrade yourself by asking for money all the time.

  12. Delegate (power, rights) to someone: give power, rights, etc. to someone. 把权利等委托给某人

  Example: The captain delegated his supervisory power to his capable assistant.

  13. Eat into something:

(i) destroy by chemical action. 腐蚀

  Example: Acid eats into metal.

(ii) use or waste gradually. 消耗

  Example: Increasing expenses have eaten into her savings.

seclusive 2007-11-14 08:54
  有写作经验的人都知道,一篇好的文章条件甚多,其中主要的有四点:

  一、内容丰富;二、段落严密;三、句子流畅;四、词汇贴切。

  这里只谈句子流畅易解问题。

  第一,避免一连串的名词。

  当名词一个接一个地连用,互相修饰、互相依赖时,句子的结构容易模糊不清。例子(1)看起来吃力、讲出来费气、听起来难解,最好透过介词或动词来化解。

  (1) Government income tax reform scheme.

→(2) The Government scheme for income tax reforms. / Income tax reform scheme by the government. / The scheme to reform the government's income tax.


  第二,避免一连串的介词词组。

  一个介词组紧接着另一个介词词组一口气排列下去,听起来费解,看起来伤神。例如(3)和(4)都含有太多介词词组,应该分别改为(5)和(6):

  (3) He took the opportunity for a talk on the need for the improvement of the relations between the two superpowers.

  (4) We have learnt of the success of the people of the southern regions of New Zealand.

  (5) He took the opportunity to talk about the need for improving the relations between the two super powers.

  (6) We know how the people in the southern regions of New Zealand succeed.


  第三,避免一连串结构相似的句子。

  句子结构变化多,一两个结构相似的句子在一起没关系,但是一连串处在“胶着状态”,就单调乏味,必须避免。例如:三四个并列句(Coordinate Clauses)在一起或几个简单句(Simple sentences)“排排坐”,那是多么没滋味的句法啊!应该把一两个并列句变成复杂句(Complex Sentences),也可用适当的短语将简单句贯串起来。


  第四,必须多用节缩句。

  大多数情况下,形容词从句(例(7))、副词从句(例(8))以及名词从句(例(9))都可缩短为短语。

  (7) The force which holds the solar system together is called gravitation. →The force holding the solar system together is called gravitation.

  (8) A medical drug would not be effective if it was kept too long. → The medical drug would not be effective if kept too long.

  (9) It happened that he was away at that time. → He happened to be away at that time.


  五、多用对句法

  尽量用同类型的句子成份把同等地位的概念排列着,使外表划一。例如:

  (10) Anyone wishing to write effectively must learn to think about points logically, organise ideas coherently, and express thoughts explicitly.

  (11) The teacher told a foreign scholar that he should be familiar with the local environment, that he needed to have a room with good lighting, and that he must arrange specific hours for self-study.

seclusive 2007-11-14 09:06
  在英语里,介词短语(prepositional phrases)数量之多,可以和片语动词(phrasal verbs)互相比拟,不与其亲近也难。

  下面是些由“at”引导的介词短语,你都见过吗?

1. At bay:(经常和keep或hold连用)使……不能接近

  One of the gangsters kept the police at bay until the rest escaped.

2. At bottom:实际上

  Judy said she was not jealous of her friends' success, but at bottom, she was.

3. At close quarters:逼近地

  The two rivals grappled at close quarters.

4. At cross purposes:互相误解

  I think we are at cross purposes. When I said "J.C.", I meant "Jason Chen", not "John Chen".

5. At daggers drawn:势不两立

  Dan and Bob have been at daggers drawn for years. There is no evidence that they will make up.

6. At every turn:处处

  When you go downtown, you will see shops, big and small, at every turn.

7. At one fell swoop:一举

  Which country can invade another country and conquer it at one fell swoop?

8. At issue:在讨论中的

  The question asked was not relevant to the matter at issue .

9. At large:一般的;逍遥法外的

  a. The people at large support the government's various policies.

  b. Some illegal immigrants were caught, but some others are still at large.

10. At length:详细地

  Time did not allow the speaker to talk about the financial turmoil at length.

11. At loggerheads with...:经常和……争吵

  Mr and Mrs Thang are often at loggerheads with each other. Why can't they get along well?

12. At a loss for words:不知说什么好

  The news came so surprisingly that she was at a loss for words.

13. At a low ebb:处于低潮

  Henry's mood seems to be at a low ebb now; let's cheer him up a bit.

14. At a price:付高代价

  Some people became successful at a price; their health and family life were adversely affected.

15. At random:随意地

  One may choose things at random, but not the prospective life partner.

16. At the ready:处在准备状态中

  At the news conference, news reporters gathered around, pens and notebooks at the ready.

17. At sea:茫然

  Those not interested in politics will be at sea when people discuss political issues.

18. At a stretch:连续地

  In order to earn money, some workers do overtime works for a few days at a stretch.

19. At will:任意地

  In a society like ours, one has to be law-abiding and not to do things at will.

20. At one's wits end:不知所措

  Chased by the enemy to an abyss, the man could not advance any more, nor could he retreat; he was at his wits end.

21. At heart:在内心里;本质上

  a. A good leader often has the people's interests at heart.

  b. Though Xiao Gan works in a city, he is a country boy at heart.

22. At sixes and sevens:乱七八糟

  When the maid returned to work after three days' leave, she found all the rooms at sixes and sevens.

seclusive 2007-11-15 08:30
  中文里的颜色词不少,与颜色有关的惯用语也很特出。英语也如此,下面便是些例子:


  (1) In the black 盈利:

Having paid off all the debts, the company is now in the black.


  (2) In the red 亏损;负债

On account of mismanagement and some unexpected bad debts, some financial companies are in the red.


  (3) Black and blue 青一块紫一块:

The shop-keeper quarrelled with a rascal and was beaten black and blue.


  (4) The black sheep of the family 败家子:

Among Mr Brown's Children, Alex did not behave himself and eventually became a social outcast. He was the black sheep of the family.


  (5) In black and white 写出或印出:

I don't want a verbal promise but an agreement in black and white.


  (6) Not so/ as black as one is painted 不如所形容的坏:

Many people complained about Daniel's behaviour, but he was not as black as he was painted.


  (7) A bolt from the blue 睛天霹雳:

The woman was shocked at the bad news, which came like a bolt from the blue.


  (8) In a blue funk 惊恐万状:

Jenny has been in a blue funk since she failed in her first job interview.


  (9) Once in a blue moon 偶尔为之:

For lack of leisure, some working people went shopping once in a blue moon.


  (10) Disappear/Vanish into the blue 突然消失:

A bird was standing on a window sill. All at once, if flew away and disappeared into the blue.


  (11) Give ... greenlight to ... 批准……做……:

The authorities have given our department the greenlight to purchase the equipment required.


  (12) Green with envy 非常妒忌:

On hearing about Cathy's promotion, Jane is green with envy.


  (13) Catch ... red-handed 当场被捕:

The shop-lifter stole something valuable and was caught red-handed.


  (14) Roll out the red carpet 隆重欢迎:

When a foreign dignitary comes to visit the country, the government often rolls out the red carpet for him.


  (15) Cut the red tape 取消繁文缛节:

If the authorities concerned can cut the red tape, a lot of work can be more quickly done.


  (16) See red 突然发怒:

When Mrs Lin entered the guest room, it was in a mess; she saw red and scolded the maid for not tidying it up.


  (17) Turn as white as a sheet 脸色变得很苍白:

When the car driver received a traffic police's summons, he turned as white as a sheet.


  (18) A white lie 善意的谎言:

As Jenny did not want to go to Tom's party, she told him that she was busy. Such a white lie is better than hurting his feelings in other ways.


  (19) A white-collar worker 白领工人:

A secretary is a white-collar worker, while road repairing is a blue-collar job.


  (20) A grey area 含糊不清之处:

The motorists backed their cars and knocked against each other. Who was in the wrong? It's a grey area, isn't it?

seclusive 2007-11-15 08:37
  信箱里有张房地产贷款的信件及其细项,印得漂亮,写得也很清楚;美中不足的是几个语文运用上的错误,如混淆词、动词形式和惯用法。这些错误,我已经在不同场合里处理过,可是常常又看到它们出现,虽然不是“召之则来”,但却是“挥之不去”。

  现在就把这几个错误整合起来,一一分解,希望未犯者不要犯、犯者不要重犯。


  (一)“I am interested to attend the seminar and be able to enjoy the benefits.”


  这句的连词“and”连接两个并列句“I am interested.....seminar”和“I am able to.....”第二句的主语和动词和第一句一样,可以省略为“.....and (am) able to.....”这里的动词“am”也是可有可无,但改用“be”,就是动词形式不对了。此外,“interested”多和“in”连用,因此也可改成“I am interested in attending the seminar.....


  (二)“We are looking forward to hear from you soon.”


  这句的语意没有问题:“我们盼望你尽速来信。”问题是“to”这个字,这里把它当作不定式动词(infinitive)中的“to”,如“to come, to read, to sing”等。但是这句里的“to”是片语动词 (phrasal verb)“look forward to”的一部分,是介词(preposition),后头要有宾语(object),可当宾语的是名词(Noun)、代词(Pronoun)、动名词(Gerund: v...ling)等。这句里用“hear”,动词形式不对,要改为“hearing”(动名词)。不然,句子就要改写为:“I am looking forward to your response (reply) soon / your early response (reply).”


  (三)“Beside the mortgage planning, I also want to find out how I can benefit from the other scheme.”


  有些英文字形同义异。上面这句话的意思不是很清楚吗?有什么问题呢?假如把“beside”改为“besides”,全句就没问题,但是少了个“s”的“beside”就把意思从“除此之外”变为“在...旁边;与...相比”了。


  现在试把介词beside和besides填入下列句子的空白处:

  (1) John is sitting____his teacher.

  (2) What other languages do you speak____English?

  (3) ____teaching, Jason writes a lot.

  (4) ____your wonderful achievements, my performance counts for nothing.

  (四句的答案刊于文后。)


  (四)“We could provide loan package that cater to your needs.”


  这句复杂句的意思明白易解,可惜的是形容词从句中的动词“cater to”和先行词“loan package”的数不搭配。由于这先行词是单数的名词,修饰它的形容词从句的动词也要单数的“caters to”才对。如果是复数,动词也要复数(没有“s”):“We could provide loan package and other services that cater to your needs.”


  (五)“Please let us have your response at your earlier convenient.”


  这个惯用法的位置好,但成分不准确,应该是:at your earliest convenience(尽早)。

  这个用法有些过时,改用“as soon as possible”好了。


  (答案:(1)beside (2)besides (3)Besides (4)Beside.)

seclusive 2007-11-15 08:57
  许多随时随地都用到的词,包括虚词,其用途像是药中的甘草,可以在句子中扮演不同词类的角色。下面举例说明:

  1. Above

  (1) The ceiling is above our head. (介词)

  (2) Can you see the dark clouds above. (副词)

  2. After

  (3) Do you take after your mother? (介词)

  (4) My friend came soon after. (副词)

  (5) After David had left, we returned. (连词)

  (6) The old man grew thinner in after years. (形容词)

  3. Better

  (7) I know better than do it. (副词)

  (8) The committee selected the better candidate of the two. (形容词)

  (9) Is the government determined to better the people's life? (动词)

  (10) The living conditions have changed for the better. (名词)

  4. But

  (11) Ali was intelligent but he seldom worked hard. (连词)

  (12) There is no student in the classroom but John. (介词)

  (13) I don't want any ifs and buts (借口,托词). (名词)

  5. Down

  (14) It turned dark when the sun went down. (副词)

  (15) The boys are running down the road. (介词)

  (16) Tony has been feeling down lately. (形容词)

  (17) Some workers downed tools to protest against ill-treatment. (动词)

  (18) Everyone of us has experienced ups and downs. (名词)

  6. Like

  (19) Don't talk like that. (介词)

  (20) All children like ice-cream very much. (动词)

  (21) I think we are of like mind in this matter. (形容词)

  (22) The artist is marvellous. It is hard to see his like again. (名词)

  7. Round

  (23) The earth goes round the sun. (介词)

  (24) He turned round and fled. (副词)

  (25) The hunting dogs rounded up the boar. (动词)

  (26) Tom did not go to the first round of the talk. (名词)

  (27) A square peg cannot fit in a round hole. (形容词)

  8. Up

  (28) Let's go up the stairs. (介词)

  (29) What are you up to? (形容词)

  (30) Food prices have gone up. (副词)

  (31) The shopkeepers have upped their prices by 10%. (动词)

  (32) Hit the ball when it is on the up. (名词)

seclusive 2007-11-16 09:06
  写作最忌拖泥带水,文思含糊不清。无可否认,复杂的思想不是片言只字可以描绘出来,但是在可能情况下,要力求用词既简洁又准确,并使内容丰富,而不是词藻华而不实,内容却贫乏。

  要怎样才能用词简洁而准确呢?

  这里只谈准确问题,简洁问题下文才讨论。

  首先,不要乱用不贴切同义词,如:

  (1) That unemployed man gained great fame as a robber.

  (2) The commander's obstinacy in the face of the thunderstorm saved all the sailors in the ship.

  “Fame”(好名声)和“obstinacy”(固执)的意思适合这两句吗?前者需要的是个贬义词;后者要的是个褒义词。因此(1)里的“fame”要改为“notoriety”(坏名声),而(2)里的“obstinacy”要变成“perseverance”(毅力/坚持不懈)才贴切。

  其次,注意字的拼写法,如:

  (3) Have you read the antidote of that famous novelist?

  (4) There is a very low baby morality rate here.

  从拼写看,(3)里的“antidote”(解药)很像“anecdote”(轶事)。(4)里的“morality”(道德)酷似“mortality”(死亡人数)。莫怪会有拼写之误,真是差之毫厘,失之千里,必须即刻纠正。

  把“hungry”(饥饿)看成为“Hungary”(匈牙利)也属于这类错误。

  第三,不可杜撰派生词,如:

  (5) 由于前缀不对而派生词有错,如:

  * inspiritual ; * unpolitical ; *disconception; *nonresponsible.

  (6) 由于后缀错误而派生词不对,如:

  * understandment ; *disappearation ; *unfriendship.

  (5)和(6)里的派生词都是凭私意杜撰的,必须改为:

  non-spiritual, non-political, misconception, irresponsible, understanding, disappearance, unfriendliness.

  最后,不可随意转化词类,如:

  (7) The lawyer opinioned that the suspect was innocent.

  (8) Jason, a famous writer, planned to biography the ex-president.

  (7)里的“opinioned”是从名词转化而来的动词。据了解,这个名词不可转化为动词;因此,还是保持它的名词原貌:

  (9) The lawyer was of the opinion that the suspect was innocent.

  同样的道理(8)里的“biography”也要打回原形,即名词:

  (10) Jason, a famous writer, planned to write a biography for the ex-president.

  上述四种问题,极为普遍,值得大家注意。当然,用词准确与否,还牵涉到其他问题,如词的配搭,对句法等。由于这些问题性质不同,范畴有别,不可扯在一起,必须逐一分开讨论。

seclusive 2007-11-16 09:10
  英语中有许多客气或委婉的说法。学英语时要特别小心,多多体会,才不会冒失,给人不好的印象。

  下面(1)a-(5)a是不客气的话语;(1)b-(5)b则变为委婉:

  (1) 你要什么?

  a. What do you want?

  b. Can I help you? / Is there anything I can do for you?/ Can I be of any help to you?

  (2) 我想问你一个问题。

  a. I want to ask you a question.

  b. I would like to ask you a question./ May I ask you a question?

  (3) 你遇见我的朋友吗?“Have you ever met my friend?”

  a. No, I haven't.

  b. I don't think I have./ I am afraid I have.

  (4) 你想出去吗?“Would you like to go out?”

  a. No, I wouldn't.

  b. No, I don't think I would./ I don't think so.

  (5) 你现在有空吗?“Are you free now?”

  a. No, I am not.

  b. I am afraid I have an appointment this afternoon.

  除了上述这些较固定的委婉口语之外,还有其他表示委婉的方法,如(6)b到(13)b:

  (一)多用疑问句,如:

  (6) a. Shut the door, please.

    b. Would you please shut the door?

  (7) a. I suggest that you go?

    b. May I suggest that you go?

  (二)多用情态动词(Modal verbs),特别是过去式,如:

  (8) a. I want a cup of tea.

    b. I would like to have a cup of tea. / Could I have a cup of tea?

  (9) a. I think you are making a mistake.

    b. I should have thought you were making a mistake.

  (三)用动词的过去式,如:

  (10) a. Do you want to see me?

     b. Did you want to see me?

  (11) a. I wonder if you will give me a hand?

     b. I wondered if you would give me a hand?

  (12) a. I will appreciate it if you can approve my application.

     b. I would appreciate it if you could approve my application.

  (13) a. I am wondering if you will give me some advice.

     b. I was wondering if you would give me some advice.


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